淡水鱼肝脏中维生素A1,A2含量的研究

本试验建立了用高效液相色谱法同时测定淡水鱼肝脏中的ＶＡ１和ＶＡ２的方法。以μ－Ｐｏｒａｓｉｌ３．９ｎｍ×１５０ｍｍ（Ｗａｔｅｒｓ Ｃｏ．）为色谱柱，正己烷：乙醚（８７：１３）为流动相，紫外３５０ｎｍ，荧光Ｅｘ３２５ｎｍ，Ｅｍ４８０ｎｍ双道检测，ＶＡ１和ＶＡ２的保留时间分别为２６．２５ｍｉｎ和２８．００ｍｉｎ。采用不同波长条件下的紫外吸收特性，对ＶＡ２予以定性，以ＶＡ１为内标物对ＶＡ２予以定量。实验     

运用PPR方法探讨星天牛与公园植物群落之间的关系

本研究运用投影寻踪回归（ＰＰＲ）方法对上海市７个样地的实际调查数据进行分析。结果表明：星天牛对寄主的危害率与寄主及周围植物的密度有密切关系。通过模拟试验，可寻求星天牛发生发展与植物群落之间的数量关系。从而为园林部门对星天牛进行综合治理，制定符合经济及生态规律的管理方案以及园林设计，提供了科学依据。     

雷公山姊妹岩大果马蹄荷群落初步研究

大果马蹄荷群落是雷公山森林生态系统中的一个类型，通过调查，对大果马蹄荷群落结构、群落特征、天然更新进行初步研究。     

富碘鱼面的生产工艺

介绍了富碘鱼面生产工艺，该工艺是对传统食品进行探讨性改造中较为成功的一例。它不仅提高了当地传统食品——鱼面的品质，促进了传统食品的生产，也说明我国食品行业有相当一部分商业机会是隐藏于传统食品的改造创新中。     

Cloning, characterization and expression of cDNA containing major histocompatibility complex class I, IIα and IIβ genes of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

ABSTRACT:   The nucleotide sequences of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus , major histocompatibility complex (MHC) cDNA, classical MHC class Iα, non-classical MHC class Iβ, MHC class IIα and IIβ, were determined. The domain structures and antigen binding motifs of vertebrate MHC are conserved in the Japanese flounder MHC. A phylogenetic analysis supports the classification of these genes into class I and class II MHC. Classical MHC class Iα was ubiquitously expressed, whereas the non-classical MHC class Iβ was expressed mainly in lymphoid organs, gills, intestine and stomach. The MHC classes IIα and IIβ were also ubiquitously expressed.     

浅谈黑龙江大沾河湿地自然保护区社区共管规划

根据保护区的实际情况，提出了保护区社区共管规划，对于保护区保护工作的开展具有积极意义。     

Habitat use by the African anabantid fish Ctenopoma muriei: implications for costs of air breathing

Abstract –  This study examined whether habitat use by the African anabantid fish Ctenopoma muriei is consistent with predictions relating to two costs of air breathing (surface travel and aerial predation). We predicted that C. muriei would be most abundant in habitats that minimize potential costs of air breathing. We quantified environmental correlates of C. muriei abundance within a series of wetland lagoons in Uganda and found that C. muriei was more abundant in shallow waters of the deepest lagoon, in vegetated habitats, and at a depth 15–30 cm below the surface. These locations may minimize cost of travel to the surface for aerial respiration, while maintaining a reasonable distance from the surface to avoid detection by aerial predators. In addition, we experimentally tested effectiveness of vegetative cover in reducing mortality of C. muriei by aerial predators (pied kingfishers) using enclosures with and without vegetation cover in a swamp pool. We found that the presence of vegetative cover significantly reduced susceptibility of C. muriei to predation by pied kingfishers when dissolved oxygen in the water was low and air-breathing frequency was potentially high.     

Genetic structure of the migratory catfish Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) suggests homing behaviour

Abstract –  Pseudoplatystoma corruscans is distributed widely in the La Plata Basin in Brazil, where it is a very important species because of its high commercial value and ecological role as a voracious predator. This species undertakes long migrations during the dry and rainy seasons to feed and reproduce, respectively. In this study, we analysed seven microsatellite loci to test the hypotheses of the existence of a single panmictic population of P. corruscans in the La Plata Basin. All microsatellites analysed were highly polymorphic with the number of alleles per locus ranging from seven (Pcor28) to 30 (Pcor10). Across all samples, 107 alleles were detected. Thirty alleles were private, i.e., found in only one sample. Highly significant genetic differentiation was observed among samples in three of the four analyses performed: F _ST (from 0.03435 to 0.16349, P  < 0.05), Analysis of molecular variance (amova) F _ST = 8.25% ( P  < 0.0001) and amova R _ST = 9.72% ( P  < 0.0001). A microsatellite multilocus Bayesian assignment test with the programme structure confirmed the division of the fishes into six groups largely concurrent with main branches on a population neighbour-joining tree. The obtained results rejected the panmixia hypothesis. On the other hand, the documented long-distance movements of P. corruscans and the geographical scale of genetic differentiation found in this study indicate a strong tendency for fish of this species to utilise their natal nursery regions for reproduction, which represents the first demonstrated example of homing in a freshwater catfish in South America.     

乡村社区总体营造发展模式之探讨

乡村地区之社区总体营造是目前台湾近年来各公部门所极力推行的社区再造运动，发展模式主要是以民间力量为基础。相关部门所扮演的角色则是经费及技术支持者。由于社区总体营造所涵盖的范畴极为广泛，因此大部分营造成功的社区是在推动社造初期时就将社区未来的发展定位的某个范围里。以台湾彰化县仑雅乡村为例。发展成生态社区、人文社区、古迹文化社区等多种范围的定位，有明确的定位后在逐渐发展出社区未来营造的主轴，随着营造主轴有顺序的制定发展方针。现已成功地让乡村民众能够透过概念式的构想延伸至发展策略来进行社区营造的实际进行。并且有效的提升社区民众参与公共事务的比例。让推动者藉由社造概念的启发了解社区未来营造的方向及目标。     

物种优先效应对植物群落构建的影响及其生态恢复意义

植物群落构建是退化生态系统恢复中的关键生态学过程,但如何定向培育植物群落以加快生态系统过程与功能的恢复仍是当前亟待解决的关键问题。优先效应是指在植物群落重塑中,早期到达物种对随后到达物种的建植、生长及繁殖等产生促进、抑制或无影响的现象,其对群落结构调整、功能维持及演替动态等过程起到重要的调控作用,在植物群落的人为构建中具有不可忽视的作用。当前此类研究主要集中于北美和欧洲国家,用于解决外来物种入侵、多样性保护、植被建设与管理等问题,而在我国的研究尚十分少见。本研究通过文献检索分析,综述了物种优先效应的研究现状,归纳了其主要驱动因素、响应机制及量化方法等内容。结果表明：优先效应的大小和方向受物种特性、组装顺序、环境条件及相互作用等多种因素影响;两个主要的驱动机制为生态位抢占和生态位修饰;存在研究区域较为局限,试验观测时间短,生物与非生物因素的交互研究少及理论支持缺乏等问题。本研究结合我国退化植被恢复的迫切需求,提出了未来的研究方向,以期为今后相关研究提供借鉴,为我国生态恢复工作提供新思路。