Effects of PPARγ agonist on calpain expression in model of acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

AIM: To explore the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ （PPARγ） agonist on calcium-activated neutral proteinase, calpain, expression in the brain of rats with acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). METHODS: EAE model was established in rats by inoculating the homogenate contained spinal cord of guinea pig and complete Freunds adjuvant. Respectively, the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen were used to treat the EAE rats. Outcome measures (Kohs scale) were applied at baseline and after treatment to assess the improvement of clinical symptoms. Calpain expression levels were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: All the groups showed significant improvements of scales scores after treatment with rosiglitazone and ibuprofen. No significant difference of the expression of calpain mRNA was found among EAE group, rosiglitazone and ibuprofen groups (P>0.05), but the expression of calpain reduced markedly in rosiglitazone and ibuprofen groups compared with that in EAE group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Rosiglitazone and ibuprofen inhibit the expression of calpain and improve the clinical symptoms of EAE rats. PPARγ agonist plays a neuroprotective role in EAE rats.     

人胰岛素原基因转染绵羊成纤维细胞及细胞株的建立

从动物耳皮肤组织采样 ,采用将组织块剪碎后直接贴附于培养瓶底部的方法进行原代培养 ,该方法使原代细胞出现率及可传代率均达到 10 0 %。根据上皮样细胞和成纤维样细胞贴壁紧实程度的不同 ,用 0 .0 5 %的胰蛋白酶-EDTA对其进行消化 ,可将两种不同类型的细胞进行分离和纯化。通过脂质体介导 ,以BLG -hINS(含乳球蛋白调控基因的人胰岛素原基因 )基因作为目的基因、GFP(绿色荧光蛋白 )基因作为标记基因共转染绵羊成纤维细胞 ,经G - 4 18筛选后 ,得到转染细胞。对转染的细胞分别用单细胞显微操作法和有限稀释法进行细胞克隆 ,两种方法均可得到克隆细胞。选形态正常、生长均匀的 5个细胞克隆进行PCR检测 ,结果 5个克隆均转有GFP基因 ,其中两个转有BLG -hINS基因。高代培养细胞、转染细胞和克隆细胞经核型分析后 ,染色体数目均为 2 7对 ,表明绵羊耳的成纤维细胞建立细胞株后 ,可以作为外源基因转染的有效供体细胞。     

畜牧推广学教学体系改革探讨

畜牧推广学是是西北农林科技大学动物科学专业新开设的重要专业选修课之一。针对目前该门课程教学中存在的教材针对性不强、课时少、内容繁杂、学生对畜牧生产过程了解甚少而学习兴趣不高等问题。为了在有限的教学时间内帮助和引导学生更好地掌握畜牧推广学的相关知识和技能,提高教学效果,在总结笔者多年从事该门课程教学经验的基础上,文章从创新教材体系、优化教学内容、改进教学手段、改革教学方法、改革考试形式和考核方式等五个方面,对畜牧推广学教学体系改革的方向和措施进行了简要论述。     

Demonstration of uniformity of calcium absorption in adult dogs and cats

A meta‐analysis was conducted to understand quantitative aspects of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) absorption in adult dogs and cats. 34 studies in dogs and 14 studies in cats met the criteria for inclusion in the meta‐analysis. Intake and faecal excretion values of Ca and P were subjected to a modified Lucas test and subsequent regression analyses. According to the current scientific consensus, Ca true digestibility (absorption) should increase at low Ca intake and decrease at high Ca intake. If true, this should result in a nonlinear relationship between the percentage of Ca excreted and dietary Ca intake. The present meta‐analysis showed a highly significant linear relationship (p < 0.0001) between Ca intake and Ca excretion suggesting a lack of systematic quantitative adaptation in true Ca digestibility. This finding suggests either that the time period covered by standard digestion trials is too short to induce adaptation mechanisms or that dogs and cats at maintenance will not efficiently alter quantitative Ca absorption percentage according to the amount ingested. If the latter is true, a dietary Ca supply differing greatly from the recommended dietary intake might impair the health of cats and dogs when fed long term. The data plots for P intake and faecal excretion were less uniform suggesting other factors not just dietary intake influence faecal P excretion. In adult cats, the dietary Ca:P ratio strongly influenced the true digestibility of P, whereas this effect was less marked in adult dogs. Faecal P excretion was significantly correlated to faecal Ca excretion in both species (p < 0.0001), and surprisingly, the level of P intake did not appear to be an important determinant of true digestibility of P.     

铬对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能和胴体品质的影响

用21日龄Arbor Acress(AA)肉公鸡336只,研究饲粮中添加铬对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能和胴体品质的影响。将试验鸡只共分为8个处理组,分别添加源于氯化铬的铬2．0、4．0、6．0、8.0、10．0、12．0和14．0mg/kg。结果表明:饲粮中添加2．0mg/kg铬显著提高了肉仔鸡胸腺重(P<0．10),降低了腹脂率(P<0．10),4．0、6．0mg/kg铬显著提高了全净膛率(P< 0．10),各试验组显著提高了T淋巴细胞转化率(P<0．10);饲粮中添加铬对其余指标则无显著影响(P>0．10)。     

滆湖湖滨带生态修复技术初步研究

在滆湖湖滨带进行生态修复试验,为湖滨带修复技术的进一步完善和滆湖水环境治理提供参考,也为太湖流域湖滨带生态功能恢复提供实用示范技术。在太滆运河滆湖河口28.67 hm~2试验区内设置围隔,放养鲢鳙、细鳞鲴、三角帆蚌,保护和栽培水生植物等,对比分析各种工程技术措施及水生生物群落结构对营养盐削减效果,监测和评价水质。2008-2009年试验期间的水质监测结果表明,试验区综合污染指数1.76~1.79,为重污染水平;对照点(滆湖大湖区)为2.03~2.09,属严重污染水平,试验区污染程度较对照点降低了一个等级。以漂浮植物为主的湖滨带湖湾湿地生物群落发育良好,与对照点相比,试验区TN去除率达26.52%,TP为27.92%,而NH_3-N为46.15%~68.12%,但chl-a及COD_(Mn)则高于对照点。在试验区内的围隔试验中,以沉水植物为主的除磷效果最好,达37.06%。放养的鲢鳙有效控制了蓝藻暴发。     

营养素对水生经济动物免疫机能的影响

优质饲料中的营养素不仅可满足水生经济动物的营养需求,还对其特异性和非特异性免疫反应起到非常重要的作用。本文综述了饲料中各种营养素对水生经济动物免疫系统的作用,详细阐述了维生素、多糖、矿物质、脂类和蛋白质对水生经济动物免疫功能的影响。     

畜禽黑色素及其候选基因研究进展

黑色素对畜禽乌骨及体色的形成起重要的作用,通过近年来在人和鼠上的试验结果表明,与黑色素相关的基因有很多,作者对一些影响畜禽黑色素的主要基因及其研究现状进行了归纳。     

纳豆菌制剂在动物养殖中的应用

纳豆菌是生产微生态制剂的理想菌株之一,现已作为绿色饲料添加剂广泛应用于饲料。本文主要就近年来纳豆菌制剂在动物养殖中的研究与应用成果作一概述,以期为畜牧生产提供参考。     

海西州天然草地产草量地面监测报告

通过对草地产草量的调查和测定,海西州天然草地产草量2005年、2006年基本属于正常年范畴。经草畜平衡分析,2006年全州草地理论载畜量为265.45万羊单位,草地现有载畜量为280.162万羊单位,超载14.71万羊单位。