定量构性关系研究——利用新分子拓扑指数预测烷烃热力函数

基于分子的键距矩阵和键联矩阵提出一种新的分子拓扑指数Y.利用 Y计算了烷烃 ( 2～ 2 0个碳原子共 97个分子 )的 5种热力学性质 .结果表明 ,它比现有的拓扑指数具有更好的结构选择性和性质相关性     

Characterization of the digestive tract of wild ayu

ABSTRACT: The gut and gut contents of ayu Plecoglossus altivelis caught in the Ohta River in Hiroshima prefecture, Japan were examined. Relative intestine length (intestine length/body length) was almost constant. Except for relative intestine length, characteristics of the gut of wild ayu were not significantly different from those of cultured ayu. The height of intestinal folds increased and their width declined from stomach to anus. Cyanobacteria ( Homoeathrix sp. and Calothrix sp.) and diatoms ( Cymbella sp., Gomphonema sp., Melosira sp., Navicula sp., and Synedra sp.) were well digested during passage through the gut despite a lack of apparent destruction. In contrast, green algae ( Dictyosphearium sp., Coelastrum sp., and Pediastrum sp.) exhibited little degradation. The pH of stomach contents ranged from 2.8 to 7.4 (mean ± SD = 4.1 ± 1.0), whereas that of the posterior intestine was 7.0–8.5 (7.9 ± 0.4). Gut contents of wild ayu increased with bodyweight, and were more than threefold greater than those of cultured ayu, suggesting that wild ayu compensate for low nutrient content of algae through the continuous ingestion of large quantities of feed organisms.     

5种杉科植物不同部位的精气成分

为了解杉科植物所含精气的化学成分及其相对含量,在湖南南岳、江西靖安、浙江临安选择柳杉、杉木、水杉、池杉和落羽杉5个树种的纯林采集各树种的叶片和木材释放的精气,采用气相色谱/质谱联机法分析、鉴定其所含化学成分及其相对含量.结果表明:杉科植物所含主要化学成分是α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、莰烯,柳杉的叶片和木材单萜烯、倍半萜烯相对含量之和分别达96.89%、98.84%;杉木的叶片和木材所含单萜烯与倍半萜烯相对含量之和分别达95.60%、96.34%;水杉的叶片和木材单萜烯、倍半萜烯相对含量之和分别达99.03%、97.69%;池杉的叶片和木材所含单萜烯与倍半萜烯相对含量之和分别达98.83%、94.91%;落羽杉的叶片和木材所含单萜烯、倍半萜烯相对含量之和分别达95.77%、96.71%.     

从模糊语言学角度分析英语委婉语的构造方式及语用交际功能

英语委婉语是英语语言的重要组成部分。模糊性是委婉语的基础，是实现其交际功能的手段。从模糊语言学的角度分析了英语委婉语的语音、语义两种构造方式，并总结了其五大语用交际功能：避讳功能、润滑功能、劝诱功能、礼貌功能及掩饰功能，以便为读者了解、掌握并正确运用委婉语提供帮助，为培养更具策略性、感染力和认同感的交际语言提供参考。     

犬用复合麻醉剂QFM合剂对犬循、环呼吸系统功能影响的研究

QFM合剂是一种新型的犬用复合麻醉制剂。为了验证其对犬生理功能的影响，本试验通过用QFM合剂以0.15-0.2mL/kg体重剂量对7条犬进行麻醉，用Detax循环监护仪、De-tax呼吸监护仪和SJ-42型生理多道记录仪对麻醉前后犬的循环、呼吸系统功能进行监测。结果证明：QFM麻醉合剂对机体的循环、呼吸系统功能影响轻微。     

基于数字信号处理器(DSP)的双缸电液振动台波形再现控制

振动试验台的振动试验需再现实际工况的振动波形，需应用控制算法对多油缸激振进行同步控制，该文在最小二乘递推估计的基础上，推导了一种逆传递函数矩阵实时辩识算法，并将该算法用于双缸有耦合电液振动台的波形再现控制中。介绍了采用DSP(数字信号处理器)为核心的控制系统构成及数字迭代控制的实现方法，并给出随机波波形再现的试验结果。     

Prediction of the soil structures produced by tillage

Data are presented for the amount of clods >50 mm produced when five different soils were tilled at a range of different, naturally occurring water contents. The optimum water content for soil tillage is defined as that at which the amount of clods produced is minimum. The amount clods produced at this optimum water content is shown to be linearly and negatively correlated with the value of Dexter's index S of soil physical quality. This results in a rational model for soil tillage that enables predictions to be made for all different soils and conditions. Pedo-transfer functions can be used to estimate the input parameters for the model for cases, for which measured values are not available. It is concluded that for soils with good physical condition (i.e. S > 0.035), no clods >50 mm are produced during tillage.     

基于EM算法的图像融合质量评价

为提出一种量化评价经图像融合所产生的结果图像的质量评价方法，采用一种混合瑞利(Rayleigh)概率密度函数(pdfs)对图像边缘强度直方图建模，混合模型中各项的参数和权重通过EM算法迭代估算得到。在建立的混合瑞利概率密度函数模型中，最小参数混合项对应图像的弱边缘，最大参数混合项对应图像的强边缘。因此，取最小参数项的标准方差作为噪声的标准方差估计，实现噪声盲估计；取最大参数项的标准方差作为图像模糊度的定量评价指标。通过估算混合瑞利pdfs模型中的参数变化可以评价图像质量。与其它图像质量评价方法相比，这种方法的最大优点是不需要知道图像构造等细节信息，不需要图像变换，只要有原始图像即可对其进行评价。而且对较小噪声也能较精确地估计。研究表明这个技术很强健，并对要评估的图像依赖很小。     

Prey switching in red-necked phalaropes Phalaropus lobatus: Feeding limitations, the functional response and water management at Mono Lake, California, USA

The ability of red-necked phalaropes Phalaropus lobatus to switch prey under conditions of changing prey abundance at Mono Lake, California, was tested in order to predict the potential effects of continued water diversions there on migratory waterbird populations. Red-necked phaloropes cannot switch prey because they are incapable of surviving on a diet of just the hardier of two invertebrates threatened by salinity increases at Mono Lake. Individuals experimentally limited to brine shrimp Artemia monica as a primary prey source lost mass rapidly until death ensued, or until they were offered other prey. These data show that a marked preference for one prey may indicate important physiological limitations in a predator. Such limitations may partly explain Murdoch's empirically supported prediction (Ecol. Mongr. (196), 39, 335-54) that prey switching will not occur where strong prey preferences exist. These results also indicate that strong prey preferences of migratory birds can, and probably should, help determine water management policy at wetlands of importance to shorebirds, especially in cases where initial prey diversity is low.     

魔芋葡甘聚糖化学结构及生理功能研究进展

为了更好地开发利用魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM),阐明了KGM独特的结构、优良的理化性质,综述了其生物活性的研究进展,分析了其结构与性能的关系,探讨了KGM的研究方向及其应用前景。