Evaluation of single and double centrifugation tube methods for concentrating equine platelets

The aim of this study was to evaluate single and double centrifugation tube methods for concentrating equine platelets. Whole blood samples were collected from clinically normal horses and processed by use of single and double centrifugation tube methods to obtain four platelet concentrates (PCs): PC-A, PC-B, PC-C, and PC-D, which were analyzed using a flow cytometry hematology system for hemogram and additional platelet parameters (mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, mean platelet component concentration, mean platelet component distribution width). Concentrations of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta(1)) were determined in all the samples. Platelet concentrations for PC-A, PC-B, PC-C, and PC-D were 45%, 44%, 71%, and 21% higher, respectively, compared to the same values for citrated whole blood samples. TGF-beta(1) concentrations for PC-A, PC-B, PC-C, and PC-D were 38%, 44%, 44%, and 37% higher, respectively, compared to citrated whole blood sample values. In conclusion, the single and double centrifugation tube methods are reliable methods for concentrating equine platelets and for obtaining potentially therapeutic TGF-beta(1) levels.     

Preliminary experiments on mechanical stretch-induced activation of skeletal muscle satellite cells in vivo

We have shown in vitro that mechanical stretch triggers activation of quiescent satellite cells of skeletal muscle to enter the cell cycle through an intracellular cascade of events including nitric oxide (NO) synthesis that results in the release of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) from its extracellular association and its subsequent presentation to signaling receptors. In order to explore the activation mechanism in vivo, stretch experiments were conducted in the living animal using our suspension model developed. This system used the weight of the hind portion of rats to stretch the inside muscles of the left hind limb suspended for a period of 0.5–2.0 h. At the end of the stretch period, the rats received an intraperitoneal injection of bromodeoxyuridine followed by immunocytochemistry for its incorporation as an index of satellite cell activation in vivo. Depending on the period of stretch, bromodeoxyuridine labeling was increased significantly over the contralateral unstretched leg or control muscle from untreated rats. A stretched muscle extract prepared from the 2 h stretched tissue by incubating it in PBS, showed the active form of HGF as revealed by immunoblotting and it could stimulate the activation of unstretched satellite cells. Also, administering NO synthase inhibitor L‐NAME prior to muscle stretch abolished the stretch activation of satellite cells. Therefore, the results from these experiments demonstrate that stretching muscle triggers NO synthesis and HGF release, which could activate satellite cells in vivo.     

大豆黄酮和半胱胺对生长肥育猪生长性能的影响

本试验研究了半胱胺(CS)和大豆黄酮(Da)对杜×长×大生长肥育猪生长性能和胴体性状的影响,结果表明:这两种物质均具有显著促进猪生长作用,且在猪生长期的促生长效果好于肥育期.二者能提高胴体瘦肉率4%以上,脂肪率下降9%.     

二氢吡啶对生长阶段猪生长性能的影响研究

为探讨二氢吡啶对生长阶段（20～60 kg）猪生长性能的影响及作用机理，试验选体重25 kg生长猪21头，随机分为3组，日粮中添加不同浓度（0、10、20mg/kg）的二氢吡啶。结果表明：20 mg/kg组在试验前期具有一定促生长作用，后期无促生长作用。血清中T₃、T₄、生长激素、胰岛素在试验前期含量有升高趋势，皮质醇含量呈下降趋势，试验后期相反。10 mg/kg组无促生长作用。     

论素质教育的特征及实施

经济发展、社会进步、科技发达要依赖劳动者素质的提高，劳动者素质的提高要依赖素质教育，素质教育是全面提高公民思想道德、文化素养、身心素质等方面发展水平的教育。文中论述了素质教育的含义、结构、特征与实施方法。同时比较分析了素质教育与应试教育的区别，进一步明确了素质教育的特点和宗旨。     

Dynamics of Protein 27 of Avian Leukosis Virus and Transforming Growth Factor β2 in Lymphoid Leukosis Susceptible and Resistant Broiler Chicken Breeding Stock

The dynamics of the serum concentration of protein 27 (P27) of avian leukosis virus and transforming growth factor ₂ (TGF-₂) were compared during the period between 29 and 59 weeks of age in two flocks of broiler chicken breeding stock undergoing outbreaks of severe lymphoid leukosis (LL) associated with persistent high mortality (susceptible) and in another two flocks of breeding stock with the presence of avian leukosis virus in association with low mortality due to LL (resistant). The average mean concentration of serum P27 in the LL-susceptible flocks was significantly higher (<0.05) than that in the LL-resistant flocks in six out of seven samplings performed at 5-week intervals, between 29 and 59 weeks of age. The peak in the average rise of serum P27 in the LL-resistant flocks (309 pg/ml) was associated with the highest level of TGF-₂ (1282 pg/ml) among all flocks and at all sampling times. The significance of TGF-₂ in inhibition of lymphoid tumour development is discussed.     

造纸废水对湿地芦苇纤维素含量的影响

芦苇(Phragmites australis)是较好的造纸材料,其纤维素含量高低直接影响造纸的价值,纤维素越高,制浆、漂白工艺越简单,成纸紧度、透明度越高。为研究造纸废水灌溉对芦苇纤维素含量的作用效果,以灌溉造纸废水的芦苇茎和叶为试验对象,测定不同灌溉期和不同浓度废水下芦苇茎和叶的纤维素含量。结果表明,1)灌溉300mg·L-1浓度废水对芦苇纤维素含量影响最大,出苗期芦苇茎纤维素含量表现为:300mg·L-1(36.39%)175mg·L-1(35.39%)50mg·L-1(34.73%)0(33.45%);2)在快速生长期灌溉废水最利于芦苇纤维素的积累,如浓度为300mg·L-1时芦苇茎纤维素含量变化量表现为快速生长期(11.75%)抽穗期(9.64%)成熟期(9.6%)展叶期(7.68%)出苗期(3.64%);3)芦苇纤维素含量总体表现为茎叶,如在出苗期灌溉浓度为300mg·L-1的废水,芦苇纤维素含量表现为茎(33.45%)叶(22.11%);4)废水浓度(X)对芦苇纤维素含量(Y)有显著影响(P0.05),二者的回归方程分别为Y茎=0.012 X+0.379 8,Y叶=0.008 X+0.249 2。     

微波处理构建不感染内生真菌德兰臭草种群的方法探讨

微波技术会对生物组织产生一定的生物学效应。为了研究微波技术对德兰臭草（Melica transsilvanica）内生真菌的去除效果,采用微波中低档对感染内生真菌的德兰臭草种子进行不同时间的杀菌处理,通过显微镜检结合植株内生真菌分离技术、种子萌发指标、植株生长指标评价内生真菌去除效果。结果表明,输出功率300 W的微波处理30 s能有效杀灭种子中的内生真菌,并对种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均无显著影响;微波处理10 s,20 s分别降低植株带菌率的10.7%,25%,并且对植株生长有促进作用;微波处理较长时间（40 s及以上时间）虽能有效杀灭种子中的内生真菌,但对种子萌发、植株生长有抑制作用。因此,微波处理种子技术是一种有效、简便、可行的内生真菌去除技术。     

膨化工艺对乳仔猪日粮养分及生长性能的影响

采用相同配方的膨化颗粒料和普通颗粒料进行哺乳仔猪和断乳仔猪日粮常规营养成分、氨基酸含量、细菌数量、脲酶活性、物理性状分析和乳仔猪生长饲养试验。结果表明 :两种制粒工艺的常规营养成分间差异不显著 :氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸含量膨化料的比普通颗粒料高6.67 %～7.59 % ,差异不显著(P>0.05) ;两种饲料的卫生学和感官指标符合GB13278 -91 ,但膨化料的总细菌和大肠杆菌最可能数少于普通料 ,差异不显著(P>0.05) ;乳仔猪两料中的脲酶活性 ,膨化颗粒料比普通料分别降低56.25 %和28.57 % ,但差异不显著(P>0.05) ;膨化料与普通料相比 ,硬度明显增加 ,其中 ,哺乳仔猪料间差异显著(P<0.05) ,断乳仔猪料间差异极显著(P<0.01) ;膨化料与普通料相比 ,淀粉糊化度哺乳仔猪和断乳仔猪料分别提高32.86 %(P<0.05)和45.45 %(P<0.01)。饲养试验 ,膨化料育成率为96.77 % ,70日龄窝重203.76kg ,窝均盈利1040.83元 ,分别比普通料提高3.85 %(P>0.05)、13.01 %(P>0.05)和36.48 %(P<0.05)。     

猪轮状病毒四川株的分离鉴定及增殖规律

为了解猪轮状病毒（PoRV）在MARC-145细胞系上的培养特性及增殖规律,本试验利用MARC-145细胞,从四川仔猪腹泻样品中分离到1株PoRV,并通过PCR检测、病毒理化实验与微量中和实验证实,命名为SC-R株。用含不同浓度胰酶营养液培养SC-R株48h后,分别收集病毒液进行定量分析;同时,以SC-R分离株感染MARC-145细胞,在感染后不同时间分别收集感染病毒液,利用PoRV荧光定量检测方法对不同样品中病毒RNA进行定量分析,绘制PoRV生长曲线。结果表明,用含3％胰酶营养液培养的细胞液中PoRV的RNA含量明显高于其他组;-步生长曲线显示细胞外病毒RNA含量呈“s型”曲线增长,感染后0～8h为潜伏期,病毒RNA含量维持在较低水平;8～36h为突破期,病毒RNA含量呈对数增长;感染48h增长速度减缓,维持在较高水平,逐步进入稳定期。胰酶可增加PoRV对细胞的感染性,3％是本试验最为适用的胰酶浓度;PoRV感染MARC-145后在细胞内增殖并逐步释到细胞外。