Consensus versus dissent: Democracy,pluralism and governance in Sāmoa

Abstract: Consensus is a term widely used in Sāmoa and elsewhere in the Pacific. It is considered to be a key feature of decision‐making and a fundamental characteristic of fa’asāmoa and other Pacific ways of being and doing. In Sāmoa it has been a mark of the strength and continuity of the fa’a matai through the ages of colonialism, neo‐colonialism and globalisation. However, although it has evolved in many ways to take into account new social trends (for instance allowing children to take part in family discussions) and remains strong at the family and village level, its role at the national level has virtually disappeared. This is seldom stated publicly and consensus is still held up as a defining characteristic of Sāmoaness. At the same time, although the rise of dissent is given little acknowledgement, it permeates public life. One could assume, based on this result that the ideology of consensus is perpetuated in order to reduce national public debate on governance issues.     

Analysis on the Ownership Structures of American Listed Companies and Its Enlightenments

The authors investigate the ownership structures about American stock corporations and think that the successful experiences based on institutional arrangements for the ownership structures of American listed companies and the way to carry out ownership authorities will give some following enlightenments for Chinese stock companies to perfect their ownership structures:Let all kinds of equity ownerships tradable completely,some ownership diffused or concentrated should be determined by market.To decentralize and transform the state-owned ownership through in the competitive industries,and the ownerships should be mainly holded among legal investors,strategic investors, individuals,employees,managers,foreign investors. The following results are realized to develop perfect law and regulate systems with the function enhancing fair competition and make ownership structure,corporate governance mechanism,all markets,corporate performance interact profitably.     

核桃-苜蓿-鸡治理模式对荒岗植物多样性的影响

为进一步完善核桃一苜蓿一鸡的荒岗治理模式,对该模式下荒岗植物多样性的变化进行了研究。结果表明：治理模式建立后,随运行年限的增加,在前4a林木郁闭度增长速度较快,第9年达到最高;单位面积林木保有量非常稳定,为700株／hm^2;核桃树高与冠幅前4a增长较快,以后基本稳定不变,保持在450cm左右;植物物种丰富度在运行期间呈现先增加后降低的趋势;植物多样性随着运行年限的增加而增加,4a后随着林木郁闭度的增大多样性降低,当郁闭度接近0．8时物种多样性和丰富度均较高。     

基于非正式规则的农村公共事务治理路径探索——以江西省Z村为例

从非正式规则的含义与农村公共事务治理的现状出发,分析了江西Z村征地利益分配中非正式规则的表现、作用及其运作逻辑。乡政府对非正式规则的默许、村民的个体理性思想、参与公共事务的意愿等为非正式规则的利用提供了可能性,Z村利用非正式规则解决征地利益分配中的矛盾为农村公共事务治理提供了经验。     

中国上市公司独立董事制度的现状分析

通过调查,分析了上市公司独立董事制度在“二元”制组织体系中的发展现状。     

垂直一体化动机的理论研究

回顾了学术界近几十年对于垂直一体化动机的认识。从经济学界的角度看,垂直一体化有基于战略和基于效率的2种观点。最后,总结了一些新观点。     

一种改进的Item-based协同过滤推荐算法

分析了协同过滤推荐系统中存在的用户多兴趣和项目多内容问题,提出了一种基于项的协同过滤改进算法,算法综合考虑了项目自身属性和用户评价的影响。试验表明该算法有效的解决了用户的多兴趣和项目的多内容问题,并且在用户评分数据比较稀疏的情况下也能有较好的推荐精度。     

From borders to ecotones – Private-public co-management of urban woodland edges bordering private housing

This paper conceptualises and evaluates so-called co-management zones as an approach for user participation in urban forestry, specifically in the management of public woodland edges bordering residential areas. Co-management zones can metaphorically be viewed as ‘ecotone-like’ spaces, i.e. zones where overlapping interest – in this case residents’ and municipal authorities’ – can be used to create richness and meetings rather than boundaries. Building on the perspectives of ecotone thinking and governance arrangements, co-management zones in the Danish residential area of Sletten in Holstebro were evaluated. The presented case study combined interviews with residents and interviews with three key green space professionals who had led the planning, design, establishment and management of the woodland and the implementation of co-management. The resident participation in the co-management zone was also assessed and photo documented in a field survey, categorising individual households according to type and degree of physical signs of participation. Findings illustrate the potential of co-management zones to initiate collaboration between residents and public woodland managers in creating recreationally valuable and varied meetings between private gardens and urban woodlands. Challenges with establishing co-management zones were also highlighted, especially the need for clear guidelines and continuous communication between residents and the municipality. Perspectives and implications related to residents, managers and green space quality are discussed.     

我国农技推广高效协同创新研究——基于机制视角

农业技术推广是农业科技成果转化为现实生产力的关键环节,新时期推动农业农村高质量发展对传统农技推广模式的转型升级提出迫切要求,农业重大技术协同推广计划试点的实施探索了新机制,为打通"农业科技最后一公里"、助力乡村全面振兴开辟了新路径.基于对吉林、江西、湖北、内蒙古、江苏、浙江、广西和四川等8个试点省份的广泛调研,分析梳理...     

新时代农民专业合作社嵌入乡村治理的路径优化——基于河北省唐山市的调研分析

随着农业农村现代化的逐步展开,乡村多元共治模式兴起,农民专业合作社日益成为乡村社会治理创新的有益载体。以河北省唐山市农民专业合作社为研究样本,采用质性研究方法,梳理农民专业合作社在人力资源、农民参与、政府指导、服务社会等方面的发展困境。同时,提出新时代农民专业合作社嵌入乡村治理的有效路径。需要强化人才培育,激发农民专业合作社嵌入乡村治理的内生动力;加强法治建设,大力完善农民专业合作社嵌入乡村治理的政策法规;加强重视程度,形成乡村治理更为强大的工作合力;加强自身建设,在乡村治理工作中主动担当作为。