3种植物源农药对蓝莓蚜虫的室内毒力测定及田间防效

[目的] 通过室内毒力测定及田间药效试验评定3种植物源农药对蓝莓蚜虫的防治效果。[方法] 分别采用浸叶法和常规喷雾法进行室内毒力测定和田间药效试验。[结果] 室内毒力测定结果表明3种植物源农药中以0.3%印楝素乳油对蓝莓蚜虫毒力最高,药后48h的LC50值为11.20mg.L-1,3种供试植物源农药相对于22%氟啶虫胺腈的毒力指数均小于1,说明3种植物源农药的毒力显著低于22%氟啶虫胺腈的毒力。田间药效试验结果表明3种植物源农药在各供试浓度下防治效果随药后天数增加而增加,但其防治效果均显著低于22%氟啶虫胺腈的处理,单就3种植物源农药看,苦参碱对蚜虫防效最佳,在药后5d,苦参碱不同浓度防效均在71.64%以上,0.3%印楝素次之,而鱼藤酮对蓝莓蚜虫的防效较差。[结论] 在进行有机生产或蚜虫虫口密度低且对环境安全有较高要求时,蓝莓生产中可以选择苦参碱来降低蚜虫种群基数。     

油茶叶片氮磷钾含量与经济性状的关联分析

目的 解析油茶叶片矿质养分含量与其经济性状的相关性,为油茶树体营养状态科学评估和营养管理提供参考。 方法 以广泛栽培的国家油茶良种‘长林4号’和‘长林53号’为研究对象,利用等角对数比（ILR）方法对矿质养分含量多元数据进行处理,分析油茶叶片氮、磷、钾含量与产量、种仁含油率、花芽数量等性状的相关性。 结果 ‘长林53号’叶片氮、磷、钾平均含量分别为12.72、0.89、3.65 g·kg−1,显著高于‘长林4号’叶片氮、磷、钾含量（分别为11.40、0.80、3.11 g·kg−1）,且3种矿质元素含量间存在显著的正相关（P < 0.01）;‘长林4号’和‘长林53号’叶片ILR[N, P|K]值与产量呈显著正相关,R2值分别为0.4056和0.7136;‘长林4号’和‘长林53号’叶片ILR[N, P|K]值与花芽/叶比值呈显著正相关,R2值分别为0.9437和0.9887;‘长林4号’和‘长林53号’叶片ILR[N, P|K]值与种仁含油率则呈显著负相关,R2值分别为0.807 4和0.857 3。 结论 不同油茶品种叶片的氮、磷、钾含量差异显著且存在显著正相关,以ILR[N, P|K]值为参考指标在评估不同品种的单位面积冠幅产量和种仁含油率时较单一元素指标更稳定可靠,油茶林分的叶片ILR[N, P|K]值宜控制在0.40～0.43之间。本研究为油茶营养状态的诊断和评估提供了一种新的思路和方法。     

农民工贫困的特征·成因及破解对策

农民工是我国经济社会转型期的特殊群体,他们的贫困具有转移性、边缘性、介入性、聚集性、发展性、循环累积性以及代际传承性等特征。农民工贫困包括资本贫困、权利贫困及其可持续发展能力贫困,其中资本贫困和权利贫困是阻碍农民工城市生存、发展,乃至于实现市民化的工具性手段,而可持续发展能力贫困才是其贫困的真正根源。只有进行制度重构、资本赋予和能力再造,才能使农民工走出贫困的陷阱。     

南瓜新品种科栗1号的选育

科栗1号是以S31-1为母本、S4-1为父本配制而成的南瓜一代杂种。植株蔓生,长势中等;分枝较少,叶小,节间短;第1雌花节位第9节左右;嫩瓜扁圆形,瓜皮绿色覆绿色斑点和浅色纵条斑纹,老瓜皮墨绿色。嫩瓜单瓜质量0.5~1.5kg,果实横径9cm左右,纵径13cm左右,糯性好,粉质,品质佳;春季露地和秋季设施栽培嫩瓜产量1500~2000kg·(667m2)-1,早春设施栽培嫩瓜产量3000kg·(667m2)-1左右。适宜浙江省及栽培条件相似的地区推广种植。     

Influence of paricalcitol on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy

AIM: To investigate the effect of paricalcitol (P) on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy (DN).METHODS: DN rat model was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin after fasting. The animals were randomly divided into 2 groups:the DN rats in paricalcitol-intervened group (group P) were injected intraperitoneally with paricalcitol dissolved in propylene glycol after the day when the model was induced successfully at a dose of 0.4 μg/kg (3 times a week); the DN rats in DN group (group D) were given isopyknic propylene glycol. Normal control group (group C) was also set up. The samples of blood, urine and renal tissue were collected after intervention of paricalcitol for 12 weeks. The biochemical indexes were measured. The renal tissues were used for pathologic observation and determining the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Wnt-4, β-catenin and Klotho by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. In addition, the correlation among the above indexes was analyzed.RESULTS: (1) Scr, BUN and 24 h urine protein increased significantly in group D compared with group C, while decreased in group P compared with group D (P<0.05). (2) The area of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis increased in group D compared with group C, while decreased in group P compared with group D (P<0.05). (3) The expression of Klotho decreased, while the expression of TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin increased in group D compared with group C (P<0.05). Compared with group D, the expression of Klotho increased, while the expression of TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin decreased in group P (P<0.05). (4) The expression of Klotho was negatively correlated with the fibrosis area, TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Paricalcitol inhibits renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in DN by promoting the expression of renal Klotho, and inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation and TGF-β1 synthesis.     

秋冬萝卜新品种晋萝卜4 号的选育

晋萝卜4 号是以雄性不育系4-01A 为母本，自交系03-37-1 为父本配制而成的秋冬萝卜一代杂种，生育期80 d（天）。地上部叶丛半直立，叶片稀疏，肉质根圆柱形，表皮光滑，出土部分皮绿色，入土部分皮白色，近1/2 露出地面。含水量适中，肉质甜脆，商品性好。肉质根纵径30 cm，横径7～8 cm，单根质量1.5 kg，每667 m² 产量5 000 kg 左右。适宜山西省及其周边地区种植。     

Cell direct reprogramming：a new technique for treating diabetes

Diabetes is characterized by an absolute or relative deficiency in β-cell mass, which cannot be reversed with existing therapeutic strategies. The restoration of the endogenous islet β-cells can stabilize the level of blood glucose. The islet β-cells can be obtained from the directional differentiation of stem cells, but the process is complex and has the risk of teratomas generation. Cell direct reprogramming, one terminal differentiated cell can transdifferentiate into another kind of terminal differentiated cell, which is other than directional differentiation from stem cells. Direct reprogramming gives rise to the generation of islet β-cells from one terminal differentiated cell, may be preferable for diabetes therapy because of its unique advantage.     

Transplantation of human amnion epithelial cells improves learning and memory function in Alzheimer's disease-like pathology rat model

AIM: To observe the treatment effect and its immune regulation of human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) on Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology rat model. METHODS: The hAECs were isolated from amnion with trypsin digestion, and the phenotype of hAECs was analyzed by flow cytometry. SD rats (n=48) were randomly divided into sham control group, model group, medium group and hAECs group. AD-like pathology rat model was induced by bilateral intraventricular injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). hAECs (5×10⁵) were injected into the hippocampus of the AD-like pathology rats. At 2 weeks after transplantation, the animals were tested by Morris water maze to observe the function of learning and memory. The pathological change of the brain was observed by HE staining. The expression of amyloid β-protein 42(Aβ42) and Tau protein and the level of acetylcholine (ACh) in the injury brain were determined by immunohistochemistry. The survival and differentiation of hAECs in the hippocampus were measured by immunofluorescent technique. The percentages of lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The contents of serum cytokines were detected by cytometric bead array. RESULTS: Compared with model group and medium group, hAECs group showed shortened escape latency (P<0.01), increased frequency of going through the platform (P<0.05), reduced loss of hippocampal neurons, decreased expression of Tau protein and Aβ42 in the hippocampus (P<0.05), increased ACh level in the hippocampus (P<0.05), decreased percentages of Th1 and Th17 subsets, increased percentages of Th2 and Treg cells (P<0.05), decreased concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-2 in the serum, and increased concentration of IL-4(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: hAECs improve the cognitive learning and memory function and alleviate pathologic damage of hippocampus through immune regulation in AD-like pathology rats.     

EZH2-mediated regulation of NF-κB target gene expression in gastric cancer

AIM: To explore the mechanism by which over-expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in a panel of gastric cancer cell lines is involved in tumorigenesis of gastric cancer. METHODS: Real-time PCR and Western blot were employed to examine the mRNA and protein levels of EZH2, respectively. MTS assay, cell migration and soft agar assay were performed to investigate the role of EZH2 in the regulation of stomach cancer behaviors. The effect of EZH2 on NF-κB target gene expression was determined by Luciferase reporter and real-time PCR. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to analyze the interaction of EZH2 and p65 in HEK293T cells. RESULTS: The expression levels of EZH2 were significantly increased in the gastric cancer cells compared with normal gastric epithelial cells. Pharmacological inhibition by DZNep or knockdown of EZH2 significantly compromised AGS and SNU-16 cell activity, cell migration and anchorage-independent cell growth. Moreover, siRNA knockdown of EZH2 impaired NF-κB downstream targets, such as IL-8, CXCL5 and CCL20. In addition, the interaction of EZH2 and p65 was detected. CONCLUSION: EZH2 mediates the growth of gastric cancer cells through the regulation of NF-κB downstream gene expression.