Over representation of Burmese cats with diabetes mellitus

Objective To determine if Burmese cats in Queensland have an increased risk of diabetes mellitus.
Design A retrospective study of diabetic and nondiabetic cats that had blood submitted to a veterinary clinical laboratory over a 22 month study period.
Sample population 4402 cats
Procedure Cats were considered diabetic if blood glucose concentration was > 11 mmol/L and fructosamine was > 406 μmol/L or hydroxybutyrate was >1 mmol/L. Cats were grouped into Burmese and non-Burmese. Adjusted odds ratios of diabetes were calculated for breed, gender and age group amongst cats with blood glucose > 11 mmol/L.
Results Burmese cats comprised 20% of 45 diabetic cats of known breed, which was higher (P < 0.001) than among the normoglycemic reference population of 2203 cats (7% Burmese). There were more females among the diabetic Burmese (62%), but this did not differ (P > 0.05) from the Burmese reference population (45% females). In contrast, males seemed to predominate among diabetic non-Burmese (63%), although this also did not differ (P > 0.05) from the reference population (55%) or from diabetic Burmese (38% males). The majority (90%) of diabetic cats were older than 6 years, irrespective of breed (median age 12 years, interquartile range 10 to 13 years). This was higher (χ²= 8.13, P < 0.005) than among the normoglycaemic reference population, where 69% were older than 6 years.
Conclusions Burmese cats were significantly over represented among cats with diabetes mellitus. Irrespective of breed, the risk of diabetes in the study population increased with age.     

蝴蝶兰新品种‘莞蝶1号’

‘莞蝶1号’蝴蝶兰是以‘聚宝红玫瑰’蝴蝶兰为母本,‘红龙’蝴蝶兰为父本杂交育成的大花新品种。花朵深紫红色。花梗长63.2 cm,平均主枝花朵数为7.4,总花朵数为7.9。花朵圆整,排列整齐,平均花径10.3 cm。植株长势较好。     

福建地方鸡种和江西泰和乌鸡微卫星遗传多样性分析

利用筛选出的6个微卫星标记对福建德化黑鸡、白绒乌鸡、金湖乌鸡、河田鸡以及江西泰和乌鸡等优良地方鸡种进行遗传多样性分析.结果表明,所选的6个微卫星标记均呈高度多态(平均多态信息含量即PIC均大于0.5).5个地方鸡种的平均杂合度为0.716-0.729,均具有较高的杂合度,表现出丰富的遗传多样性.采用邻结法(NJ)对Ne i氏遗传距离(DA)进行聚类分析,结果表明,5个鸡种被聚为2类,泰和乌鸡与河田鸡先聚为一小类(DA=0.0957),然后再与金湖乌鸡聚为一类(DA=0.1553);德化黑鸡与白绒乌鸡则聚为另一类(DA=0.1980).聚类结果基本反映了各鸡群的地理分布和选育现状.     

人工雌核发育红草金鱼体色的定向发育研究

[目的]探讨人工雌核发育红草金鱼F1代的体色发育方向及其与母本的差异性,为观赏鱼类优质体色的定向培育奠定基础.[方法]采集兴国红鲤和黄锦鲤的精子,经紫外光照射失活后,分别刺激红草金鱼成熟卵细胞,受精卵经冷冻休克、染色体加倍处理后进行人工孵化,即获得雌核发育的二倍体,并以兴国红鲤(♂)、黄锦鲤(♂)与红草金鱼(♀)杂交的二倍体为对照,分别计算其孵化时长和孵化率,统计F1代体色和体形的表型及比例.[结果]以兴国红鲤和黄锦鲤的失活精子诱导红草金鱼雌核发育产生F1代个体,其孵化率分别为8.1％和1.7％,孵化时长分别为92和97 h;且均以红色个体(含桔红色和淡红色)为主,分别占98.6％和99.3％,夹杂有少量青灰色和黄灰色个体.雌核发育F1代红色个体均显母本形态,呈鲫鱼型;青灰色和黄灰色个体则略带父本形态,形体介于鲫鲤之间.根据生长发育过程中鱼体体色发生生理的转变进程,可将红草金鱼雌核发育F1代鱼苗的体色转变进程划分成5个阶段.[结论]异源失活精子诱导红草金鱼雌核发育的F1代个体可定向发育成母本体色,因此应用人工雌核发育技术结合体色选育技术,可定向培育高档观赏鱼类的优质花色.     

肉用型牛新品种——辽育白牛的培育

辽育白牛是以夏洛来牛为父本,以辽宁本地黄牛为母本级进杂交后,形成含夏洛来牛93.75%、本地牛6.25%血统,适应当地气候和饲养条件的肉牛新群体。初生重平均：公犊43.6kg,母犊40.3 kg。成年体重：种公牛平均1 084 kg,母牛平均为497 kg,其BPI（肉用指数）分别为7.3和3.9 kg/cm,达到肉用型牛BPI标准。目前育种基础群共有辽育白母牛4 200余头,核心群共有1 100余头,制冻精种公牛9头。辽育白牛共8个家系。外貌整齐,遗传性能稳定,具有生长快、产肉多、耐粗饲、繁殖力良好等优点。     

优异种质资源龙育05-158的选育与评价

1999年以桥梁亲本龙育98-211(优质、丰产)为母本,以优异品系龙选9782(优质、抗病)为父本有性杂交,经过10a的株系选择、丰产鉴定、抗性筛选和品质检验等分析,选育了集高产、优质和抗病等于一体的水稻新种质-龙育05-158,这说明利用性状优良的核心后代种质为杂有效手段。为了选育寒地水稻具有突破性的新品种,必须加强稻种资源的引进与创新,做好配合力的鉴定工作;同时立足寒地稻作,加强耐寒性鉴定。     

Collie eye anomaly in Hokkaido dogs: case study

Objective To describe a Hokkaido dog, one of the traditional Japanese breeds that was affected by Collie eye anomaly (CEA), and to report the genotype of this dog and the Hokkaido dog allelic frequency of the CEA‐associated mutation. Case A nine‐month‐old intact female Hokkaido dog without any obvious visual disturbance was diagnosed ophthalmoscopically with CEA. Severe choroidal hypoplasia was observed in the bilateral temporal area adjacent to the optic nerve head, appearing as whitish areas. Therefore, the dog was suspected of possessing the CEA‐associated mutation that was previously reported as an intronic 7.8‐kilo base deletion in the canine NHEJ1 gene. Procedures SYBR Green‐based real‐time PCR with a melting curve analysis, conventional PCR with agarose gel electrophoresis, and direct DNA sequencing were carried out to determine the genotype of the dog. Furthermore, a preliminary genotyping survey was carried out in 17 Hokkaido dogs from three kennels using the real‐time PCR method, and the pedigree relationships were analyzed using their pedigree papers. Results The Hokkaido dog affected by CEA was proven to possess the CEA‐associated mutation. Of these 17 Hokkaido dogs, 12 dogs were heterozygous carriers and five dogs were affected by this mutation. The preliminary genotyping survey and pedigree analysis demonstrated that the allelic frequency of the CEA‐associated mutation is very high in Hokkaido dogs. Conclusion These data suggest that the Hokkaido breed is highly susceptible to CEA because of the known CEA‐associated mutation much like the Collie‐related breeds.     

秦川牛胚胎冷冻保存效果

为探明秦川牛胚胎冷冻保存技术的可行性,将48头秦川牛母牛进行多次超数排卵处理、人工授精,并于授精后第7天非手术法获得胚胎,把获得的A级胚用不同浓度甘油(1.0~5.0 mol/L)和乙二醇(1.0~5.0mol/L)进行处理,并采用常规冷冻法和快速冷冻法进行冷冻,解冻后进行体外培养和不同发育阶段胚胎(桑椹胚、囊胚和扩张囊胚)移植,统计其存活率、孵化率和妊娠率等。结果表明:秦川牛7日龄胚胎能耐受甘油的浓度为2.0~4.0mol/L,乙二醇为1.0~3.0mol/L;常规冷冻法解冻后胚胎的存活率和孵化率显著(P0.05)高于快速冷冻法,胚胎移植妊娠率和产犊率差异不显著(P0.05);常规冷冻桑椹胚的冻后存活率、孵化率极显著(P0.01)低于囊胚和扩张囊胚,移植妊娠率和产犊率显著(P0.05)低于囊胚和扩张囊胚。     

猪精液冷冻保存的剂型及品种效应

为了评价细管类型在不同品种公猪精液冷冻中的效果,为猪精液冷冻的实际生产中冷冻细管的选择提供理论依据,试验将长白、大约克与杜洛克3种美系公猪(每品种7头次)精液进行不同细管类型(5.00、0.50、0.25 mL)的分装冷冻,比较各种细管类型下不同品种公猪之间和同一品种公猪不同细管类型精液冻后质量(冻后精子活力、畸形率及顶体完整率).结果表明,①相同剂型下,除了0.25 mL细管分装时杜洛克公猪冻后精子顶体完整率显著(P＜0.05)高于长白公猪外,3种公猪之间在3个指标上差异均不显著(P＞0.05);②3种公猪冻后精子活力最高的剂型均为0.50 mL细管,冻后精子畸形率及顶体完整率最好的剂型均为5.00 mL细管.总之,3种细管类型中,仅0.25 mL剂型存在品种效应,而3个品种公猪却存在着基本类似的剂型效应.     

梅花猪的生态分布及其品种特点

作者介绍了梅花猪的产区范围、产地自然生态条件、品种特点和种质资源现状,提出了梅花猪的开发利用策略,指出梅花猪是我国地方猪种中的一颗璀璨明珠,极具开发利用价值。