Landscape ecology of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phragmites australis</Emphasis> invasion in networks of linear wetlands

The interaction between landscape structure and spatial patterns of plant invasion has been little addressed by ecologists despite the new insights it can provide. Because of their spatial configuration as highly connected networks, linear wetlands such as roadside or agricultural ditches, can serve as corridors facilitating invasion at the landscape scale, but species dynamics in these important habitats are not well known. We conducted a landscape scale analysis of Phragmites australis invasion patterns (1985–2002 and 1987–2002) in two periurban areas of southern Québec (Canada) focusing on the interaction between the network of linear wetlands and the adjacent land-uses. Results show that, at the beginning of the reference period, the two landscapes were relatively non-invaded and populations occurred mostly in roadside habitats which then served as invasion foci into other parts of the landscape. The intrinsic rates of increase of P. australis populations in linear anthropogenic habitats were generally higher than those reported for natural wetlands. Riparian habitats along streams and rivers were little invaded compared to anthropogenic linear wetlands, except when they intersected transportation rights-of-way. Bivariate spatial point pattern analysis of colonization events using both Euclidian and network distances generally showed spatial dependence (association) to source populations. An autologistic regression model that included landscape and edaphic variables selected transportation rights-of-way as the best predictor of P. australis occurrence patterns in one of the landscapes. Given the high invasion rates observed, managers of linear wetlands should carefully monitor expansion patterns especially when roads intersect landscapes of conservation or economic value.     

加降凝剂输油技术的现状及发展方向

输油管道添加降凝剂是改善原油代温流变性的一种物理化学方法，从降凝剂的筛选和复配，处理条件，应用方式，配套设施、应用效果等方面系统地介绍了含蜡原油添加降凝剂输送工艺的研究及应用现状，指出了降凝剂在研究和应用中存在的问题，对添加降凝剂的输油技术进行了客观评价，展望了降凝输油技术的发展方向。     

高维Mobius群的初等子群

研究了４ 种高维 Ｍｏｂｉｕｓ 群的初等子群定义之间的关系⒚得到了高维 Ｍｏｂｉｕｓ 群是初等群的充要条件；在离散的条件下，给出了这种初等子群的结构性定理⒚     

解析点在园林景观设计中的形式表达

点是现代景观设计中一个重要的视觉造型元素。现就景观设计中点的涵义、形态视觉特性等方面进行论述,并通过应用实例来阐述景观设计中点的几种表达方式,不同"点"的造型要素在不同应用情况下产生的不同景观效果。     

一种恢复渠道中线测量的快捷方法

渠道是农田水利建设的一个重要工程，渠道测量在渠道兴、改、扩建中具有重要的地位和作用。仅就施工过程中如何快捷恢复渠道中线的测量方法作了探讨，并对恢复中线的精度作了相应分析。     

不同穗型水稻群体中温湿度特征的研究

本研究以不同穗型的3个品种沈稻11、辽粳294和沈农9816为试材，研究了水稻群体间的温湿度特征。结果表明，白天不同品种水稻群体中温度和相对湿度的变化趋势与大气一致。水稻群体中露点温度的脉动远大于温度和相对湿度，总的趋势是中午露点温度较高。不同水稻群体中温度的差异小于湿度。从8月上旬至9月中旬，不同品种群体中的温、湿度差异逐渐增大，弯穗品种群体中的温度低于直立、半直立穗品种，湿度大于直立、半直立穗品种，直立和半直立穗品种之间的差别不太大。     

具有次二次位势的二阶哈密尔顿系统的周期解的存在性

利用变分法研究二阶哈密尔顿系统的周期解.减弱了以前的次二次条件并得到解的存在性.     

质点系对任意点的动量矩定理及其应用

本文详细推导了质点系对于任意点的动量矩定理，该定理具有普遍性，由它可以导出质点系对于定点、质心、刚体作平面运动时速度瞬心的动量矩定理。运用这些定理可以很方便地求解某些问题。     

枯草杆菌重组水蛭素的冷冻干燥工艺及热稳定性研究

[目的]研究枯草杆菌重组水蛭素的冷冻干燥优化工艺及在酸碱中的热稳定性。[方法]测定不同填充剂、保护剂浓度组合下的共熔点，根据共熔点最高的原则确定其组合浓度，据此再设计水蛭素的冷冻干燥工艺。[结果]优化的冷冻干燥工艺为：填充剂浓度4％，保护剂浓度1．2％，共熔点为-30℃，装样量为3．0ml，冷冻温度-40℃，冷冻时间2h，升华干燥温度-32℃，升华时间24h，再干燥温度25℃，时间5h，活力回收为96．2％，含水量为1．48％。100℃时，酸性条件下，水蛭素非常稳定；加热结合碱性的条件下水蛭素才相当不稳定。[结论]可为进一步工业化冷冻干燥水蛭素研究提供借鉴。     

数字化地籍测量中定向错误的类型与改正方法

数字化地籍测量中,利用控制点进行定向操作时容易出现错误。如果定向出现问题,将导致该站所测的界址点均出现错误。本文根据不同的错误类型,推导出了不同的数学模型。有些定向错误可以通过数学模型修正,有的错误类型则无法修正,当尽量避免。