白水江自然保护区植物研究进展——为庆祝白水江保护局建局30周年而作

白水江保护区位于我国暖温带和亚热带的交汇地带,自然生态复杂,植物种类繁多,植被垂直分布显著,不论是在植物群落的复杂性方面,还是在植物物种的多样性和特有性方面都是位居全国前列的,被视为中国生物多样性研究的热点地区。保护区自建立以来,在植被、植物区系、珍稀植物、资源植物、竹类等植物学领域做了大量的研究,在摸清本底资源的基础上积累了丰富经验,取得了一定的成绩,但在资源植物应用、深加工、育苗等方面研究不足,社区居民缺乏发展经济的技术支撑,保护区从事研究的科技力量相对薄弱。因此发展应用型研究,提高群众的生产技能是科技兴林改善群众生活的必然选择;与高等院校和科研院所加强合作,在合作中不断学习,提高自身的研究能力是促进保护区植物研究发展的必由之路。     

山西太宽河自然保护区有毒植物多样性研究

有毒植物在人类的生产和生活中发挥着重要的作用。太宽河自然保护区有野生有毒植物127种,隶属于52科101属,约占太宽河自然保护区维管植物的14%。针对有毒植物资源进行了分析和评价,并提出了相应的保护和开发对策。     

Population viability risk management (PVRM) for in situ management of endangered tree species—A case study on a Taxus baccata L. population

Population viability risk management (PVRM) provides a framework for explicitly including qualitative information about the possible outcomes of a management decision with regard to the viability of an endangered population in conservation management. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques enables managers to select the most preferred choice of action in a context where several criteria apply simultaneously. In that context a combined approach of the PVRM concept and a MCDM technique is presented for the development, evaluation and finally ranking of the in situ conservation strategies. We discuss the concept based on a case study for the maintenance of a gene conservation forest of an English yew population (Taxus baccata L.) in Styria, Austria. As part of the PVRM the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to evaluate six conservation strategies with regard to the viability of the yew population. The viability of the population is evaluated based on the results of an analysis of the current environmental, social and economical state and a characterization of the ecological parameters of its population. The most significant risk factors (illegal cutting, browsing by game, tree competition, light availability and genetic sustainability) are structured and prioritised according to their impact on the viability of the yew population applying the AHP. Effects of the six conservation strategies on the viability of the yew population are determined through a qualitative assessment of the probability of a decrease of the population along with four different environmental scenarios. In this context strategy IV combining selective thinning, protection measures, game control with public relation activities seems to be the most effective alternative. The benefits of the combined approach of the PVRM concept with the AHP for the rational analysis of conservation strategies for this endangered tree species are discussed.     

卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区蒙古野驴的数量与分布

2005年9—10月在新疆北部卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区调查了蒙古野驴的数量和分布。调查过程共设置样线8条,总长640.90km,共发现野驴53群1 039头,平均群体大小为(11.90±7.84)头/群,最大群为189只,2～10头的小群遇见率最高,占总群体数的43.40%。采用实体观测垂距法计算,蒙古野驴的平均密度为(1.231±0.196)头/km~2。结合有效分布面积,可计算得出保护区内约有野驴(5 234±834)头。调查显示蒙古野驴主要分布于保护区北部和中部食物和水源条件较好的区域。     

茂兰保护区资源昆虫初步研究

资源昆虫可分为直接资源昆虫和间接资源昆虫.本文就茂兰保护区的资源昆虫即药用、食用、观赏、传粉、天敌等昆虫进行了初步研究,并对资源昆虫的保护与利用提出了建议.     

南岭自然保护区干扰评价专家系统设计

以南岭自然保护区为例,介绍了用于自然保护区景观干扰评价的专家系统（“DEES”）的研究和实现过程．在对干扰状况评价的过程中,系统运行良好,具有良好的通用性、可扩充性．评价结果显示,南岭自然保护区目前的干扰等级为严重．从实现方法的技术角度来说,在转换知识库中的专家知识后,该系统的设计和实现技术同样适合于其它生态过程的干扰评价．     

竹纤维--一种纺织新材料

竹纤维是一种新型的绿色环保纤维,它具有良好的服用性能,是一种有着广泛应用前景的纺织纤维,该文介绍了竹纤维的种类、结构特点以及竹纤维织物的一些特性.     

Habitat selection of Guizhou golden monkey （Phinopithecus roxellanae brelichi）in Fanjing Mountain Biosphere Reserve, China

Guizhou golden monkey (Phinopithecus roxellanae brelichi) is a peculiar, rare and endangered species. It is distributed most narrowly and requires a rigorous habitat. In this study the habitats of Guizhou Golden Monkey were divided into three habitats: most suitable habitats, suitable habitats and marginally suitable habitats. The characteristics of the vegetation community, environmental factors and extreme environmental factors in the three habitats were systematically analyzed. The seasonal activity rule, activity area and the food characteristic of Guizhou golden monkey were also study at the same time. The results indicate that the evergreen and deciduous broadleaf mixed forest is the optimal living vegetation community for Guizhoug olden Monkey, and the suitable annual temperature is 8-15℃, the extremely lowest temperature is -2.5℃, the extremely highest temperature is 25℃, and the optimal living altitude is 1500-1700 m. In the same area, the higher the vegetation diversitythe more suitable it is for the life of Guizhou golden monkey. Temperature and food are the main habitat factors in determining the activity scope of the guizhou golden monkey community. The Altitude, temperature and the characteristics of the vegetation community are the main limitina factors for habitat selection.     

萍乡种子植物区系研究

根据考察和标本采集，萍乡境内在野生分布的种子植物1325种，隶属于165科665属。分析表明，本区的主要植物群落优势种和组成种类的亚热带与温带性质在整个植物区系中是占主导地位。该区的植物区系和植被具有明显的滞带性特点；同时探讨了科、属、种对区系性质与特点的作用规律。此外，分析了萍乡种子植物区系成分的原始性、关键完整性和稀有性，提出了保护与利用观点。     

中国的竹景观资源

竹景观是一种特殊的景观资源，由竹的自然景观和竹的人文景观构成。竹的自然景观主要包括风景竹林景观、专类竹园景观、庭园竹景观和盆景竹景观；竹的人文景观主要由竹建筑景观、竹制器具、竹工艺品、竹食品、竹民俗和竹文化博览等组成。