仿生态环境条件下的东北蝲蛄生活习性观察

为了解东北蝲蛄(Cambaroides dauricus Pallas)的生活习性,基于仿生态环境条件,对东北蝲蛄的形态特征、食性喜好、蜕壳特征、交配行为等进行了观察,结果表明,东北蝲蛄喜食新鲜活鱼,常因抢食而发生争斗;秋季出现蜕壳现象;首次观察到东北蝲蛄交配行为及交配后雌性蝲蛄纳精囊的颜色变化.     

集约化养殖条件下暗纹东方鲀行为习性的初步观察

通过一个完整的商品鱼养殖周期,观察并定性描述了集约化养殖条件下暗纹东方鲀的行为习性,主要包括栖息习性、对水温及溶氧的反应、游泳行为、摄食行为、鼓气行为、攻击及相残行为等,同时结合养殖生产对行为的应用进行了探讨。     

Ovarian development and induced oviposition of the overwintering swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus (Brachyura: Portunidae) reared in the laboratory

ABSTRACT:   Females of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus were cultured under natural temperature and high temperature (21°C) conditions to examine ovarian development and oviposition from autumn (October) to the beginning of breeding season in the following spring (May). Ovaries developed because of vitellogenesis of oocytes from October to December and their developmental state did not change during the overwintering period from December to March. In spring, from late March to mid May, some ovaries reached prematuration and maturation stages and ovipositions began from mid–late April under natural temperature conditions. Females reared in tanks of high temperature regimes oviposited earlier than those reared in tanks of natural temperatures. The number of days to oviposition tended to decrease with advancement of the beginning times (early February to late April) of culture of females under high temperature regimes; induced ovipositions were achieved more easily with increasing photoperiod from c . 12 h in early February to c . 14 h in late April. Therefore, it is inferred that the temperature and photoperiod are important environmental factors controlling ovarian development and oviposition.     

油菜生态特性研究——油菜的播期与产量的生态和生物差异

用甘蓝型油菜湘油13号在4个不同地点进行了4个播期的研究，结果表明，在9月至10月范围同一地点播种越早产量越高，在不同地点同一播期，产量与全生育期以及冬前主茎叶与总积温之间的相关是显正相关，冬前总积温和主茎叶对产量的贡献是不同的，在高纬度比低纬度的大，通过早播产量增加的生物学基础是促进了幼苗的生长，通过早播达到高产的关键栽培技术是培育壮苗。     

加州鲈鱼食性的初步研究

加州鲈鱼在池塘养殖条件下，当水温２１．５￣２５℃时，仔鱼从第５日龄开始摄食，开食期（５￣９日龄）饵料为盘肠蚤和粉红粗毛蚤等小型枝角类。１１日龄食性转变为捕食鱼苗，并相互残食。幼鱼期至成鱼期，主要以鱼苗、鱼种、野杂鱼虾为食。性成熟期，摄食仍很旺盛。     

Prey resource use by bluegill and channel catfish in small impoundments

Abstract  Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), are commonly stocked into small impoundments that contain bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, and these species may compete for food resources because both prey on macroinvertebrates. Prey selectivity and diet overlap of sympatric bluegill and channel catfish were evaluated in two small impoundments. Both fish species fed primarily on macroinvertebrates; but diet overlap between the species generally was not extensive because channel catfish consumed a more diverse array of foods, including more crayfish, fish and plant material. The use of foods other than macroinvertebrates increased as channel catfish grew larger. Bluegill also ingested large quantities of plant material at times, and ingestion of plants increased with fish size. Results of this study suggest that food competition between bluegill and channel catfish may occur when small channel catfish are abundant because, like bluegill, they feed almost entirely on macroinvertebrates and may reduce macroinvertebrate abundance. Thus, overstocking channel catfish in small impoundments managed for bluegill should be avoided.     

塔里木河叶尔羌高原鳅摄食和生长的研究

为了探讨叶尔羌高原鳅在高盐碱水域环境的摄食和生长,本研究通过鱼类生物学和渔业资源调查等研究方法,对2012-2013年在塔里木河干流阿拉尔段、阿拉尔周边排碱渠和台南河等3个不同水域的叶尔羌高原鳅样本237尾、水生生物和水质进行了测定和分析。结果显示:塔里木河叶尔羌高原鳅口裂较大,下口位,有高原鳅属鱼类类似的摄食器官和肠道,体肠比约为1,杂食性偏肉型;3个不同水域水质和水生生物差异较大,叶尔羌高原鳅适口饵料缺乏,摄食强度明显降低,抢食现象严重,残食现象明显,成活率差,生长性状不稳定。研究表明:塔里木河叶尔羌高原鳅应对不同水域,摄食形态未发生改变,但其食物组成有所变化,长期的适应中摄食行为可能会发生变化。     

海口林场不同品种葡萄物候期与结果习性的调查与分析

采用田间调查与统计分析的方法,对20多年生水晶、赤霞珠、玫瑰香3种葡萄的物候期、主要生长结果习性及果实性状进行分析。结果表明,酿酒型葡萄玫瑰香和赤霞珠从萌芽到成熟时间相隔2 d,水晶葡萄相对这2个品种较晚;在萌芽率、成枝率、结果枝率方面,玫瑰香表现较好,在结果系数方面赤霞珠表现较好,果实性状差异不显著,均表现较好。水晶葡萄结果系数较低,果实性状的各项指标相对较低。综合表现玫瑰香葡萄各项指标均较高,适宜今后长期栽培。