旱坡地不同植苗处理对澳洲坚果定植成活率的影响

为解决贵州南亚热区冬春季干旱澳洲坚果植苗成活率低、种苗浪费严重、建园成本高等问题,以澳洲坚果Hinde(H2)嫁接苗为试验材料,采用田间试验方法研究了植苗时间、植苗方法和苗木类型对澳洲坚果植苗成活率的影响。结果表明:用2年生营养袋苗于9月采用树盘作集水盘浇定根水加覆盖地膜方法植苗,苗木成活率可达94%以上。该方法建园植苗成活率高,可有效降低新建园生产成本,提高嫁接苗利用率。     

西宁地区智能温室“宁杞7号”硬枝扦插技术研究

本文采用不同扦插基质、不同植物生长调节剂及同一植物生长调节剂-ABT的不同浸泡时间,观察宁杞7号硬枝扦插成活率的影响,结果表明以上层东北泥炭+下层净河沙=2∶1的扦插基质生根效果最好,成活率达86.7%。在不同植物生长调节剂与浸泡时间对插穗生根效果的影响中,以ABT生根粉生根效果较好,浸泡时间宜采用4-5h,成活率分别达88.3%和81.7%。     

Quantitative PCR assays to enumerate Rhizobium leguminosarum strains in soil also target non viable cells and overestimate those detected by the plant infection method

The plant infection method is commonly used to estimate the Most Probable Number (MPN) of soil rhizobia. Here, a qPCR method was set-up and validated with newly developed ANU (strain specific) and RHIZ (more general) primers to quantify the specific Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii ANU843 strain or general R. leguminosarum strains. Detection limits of qPCR protocols in soil were 1.2 × 10⁴ (ANU) and 4.2 × 10³ (RHIZ) cells per g soil. The qPCR assay appears robust and accurate in freshly inoculated soils but overestimated MPN for indigenous soil rhizobia. An incubation experiment showed that qPCR detected added DNA or non viable cells in soils up to 5 months after addition and incubation at 20 °C in moist conditions.     

光周期对卤虫摄食、生长和存活的影响

在不同光周期（０Ｌ：２４Ｄ、６Ｌ：１８Ｄ、１２Ｌ：１２Ｄ、１８Ｌ：６Ｄ和２４Ｌ：０Ｄ）下培养河北大清河盐场的卤虫,结果表明：卤虫的摄食率有随着光周期缩短而下降的趋势。大清河盐场的卤虫在不同光周期下的生长速度无显著差异,但成活率差异显著,６Ｌ：１８Ｄ组的成活率最高。建议在短光周期下培养卤虫。     

激素催芽对油茶芽苗砧嫁接的影响(英文)

[目的]探索生长刺激素对油茶芽苗砧嫁接的影响,以培育粗壮的胚芽来提高嫁接成活率。[方法]用生长刺激素911生根剂、GA3和ABT生根粉处理油茶种子,比较不同的处理对种子发芽率、发芽速度、胚芽粗度、嫁接成活率的影响。[结果]3种生长刺激素处理对胚芽的生长势产生了明显的影响,无论是发芽速度、胚芽生长量,还是嫁接成活率,采用激素处理的都比对照好得多。911生根剂、GA3、ABT生根粉处理的油茶平均发芽速分别比对照快5、7和9d,胚芽粗度分别比对照提高45%、40%和50%,嫁接成活率分别比对照高8%、12%和9%。[结论]使用3种激素对油茶催芽,均能促进生根和侧根、须根发育,提高其嫁接成活率,其中GA3处理效果最好。     

Effects of diseases on reproductive performance in Swedish Red and White dairy cattle

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of diseases on days open (DO), days to first breeding (DFB) and days from first breeding to conception (DFBC) using survival analysis models, and to assess the significance of the sire component and its possible confounding effect. The data consisted of a random sample of 20% of all herds enrolled in Swedish recording system and using 100% artificial insemination with at least 15 Swedish Red and White cows calving in 1991. The follow-up period was from 45 to 145 d after calving. After editing, the data sets had 23,927, 28,197, and 22,089 cows for days open, days to first breeding, and days from first breeding to conception, respectively. The Cox models included parity, calving season, cow milk production and age at first calving as fixed effects, and herd and sire as random effects. Ten disease groups were considered as possible risk factors for the reproductive traits. Disease groups were treated differently if they occurred before or after 45 d postpartum. Diseases occurring in the first 45 d after calving were treated as time-independent covariates and diseases occurring after day 45 were treated as time-dependent covariates for days open and days to first breeding. The percentages of censored cows were 35% for days open, 19% for days to first breeding, and 33% for days from first breeding to conception. Days open increased in cows with dystocia, stillbirth, retained placenta, metritis, or other diseases occurring in the first 45 d after calving, and in cows with metritis, mastitis, or other diseases occurring after 45 d. Days to first breeding increased in cows with stillbirth, retained placenta, milk fever, mastitis, foot and leg problems, or other diseases occurring before day 45, and in cows with metritis, mastitis, foot and leg problems, or other diseases occurring after 45 d. Days to first breeding decreased in cows treated for ovulatory dysfunctions either before or after 45 d. Days from first breeding to conception increased in cows with dystocia, stillbirth, retained placenta, metritis, or ovulatory dysfunctions occurring before first breeding, and in cows with mastitis occurring after first breeding. Although the additive genetic components were significant for all traits considered, the sires did not act as confounders because only a small amount of variability for the traits considered in this study was explained by the sires, with estimated heritabilities of 2% on the logarithmic scale and from 3 to 4% on the real scale.     

马利筋引种繁殖技术探究

[目的]为丰富四川地区宿根花卉品种,从云南引进马利筋至四川地区,研究其引种栽培繁殖方法.[方法]采用扦插、播种、分根等繁殖技术,比较马利筋引种扩繁的成活率.[结果]从云南引种的马利筋能够在四川种植并进行繁殖.在秋季对马利筋进行扦插繁殖,成活率为100％;在春季对马利筋进行播种繁殖,成活率高达91％;冬末春初时,对马利筋...     

华北驼绒藜雨季移栽成活率研究

本文是不同季节移栽华北驼绒藜(Ceratoides arborescens)系列研究之一。干旱区春季生态建植有补水之苦,雨季移栽表明,不需坐水或补水,成活率可高达60%,浸根可提高成活率至90%;说明雨季移栽是可行的。移栽植株数日内叶片含水量和叶绿素含量急剧下降、脯氨酸含量骤然升高,含量恢复过程则较缓慢,说明移栽使植株突然损伤,但终能恢复至正常生理状态。     

低能氮离子束注入马齿苋的生物学效应研究

对马齿苋种子进行了低能氮离子束注入处理并对其生物学效应进行了初步研究。研究结果表明,在一定剂量范围内通过离子注入提高了种子的萌发速率、发芽率,其中以剂量为1.5×1017N+/cm2的处理所表现的效应最显著。处理后的马齿苋植株的成活率明显高于对照,成活率曲线随剂量的增加呈先上升后下降再上升的“马鞍型”曲线。低能N+注入后,对幼苗的致死率也有所降低。由此可见,一定剂量范围内的低能N+　注入会提高马齿苋种子的发芽率和成活率。     

怀山药种质资源的玻璃化法超低温保存

本文对怀山药种质资源的玻璃化法超低温保存技术进行了研究。结果表明,怀山药带芽茎段玻璃化法超低温保存较佳的技术体系是继代生长60 d的怀山药无菌苗置4℃冰箱低温锻炼7 d;在无菌条件下切取1~1.5 cm的带芽茎段,转至含5%蔗糖+3%甘露糖的培养基内,置4℃冰箱预培养2 d;用60%的PVS₁（22%甘油+13%乙二醇+13%聚乙二醇+10%二甲基亚砜）在室温下处理60 min,再用100%的PVS1在0℃条件下处理60 min,随即迅速投入液氮;保存24 h后,在37℃水浴中快速化冻,用含5%蔗糖的MS培养液洗涤4次,每次停留10 min;转至再生培养基（MS+KT 2 mg/L+NAA 0.02 mg/L）再培养,成活率可达77.14%,再生苗与常温苗形态指标差异不大。