Expression and Localization of HSPs in the Liver of Transported Pigs

To demonstrate the distribution and expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the liver, five kinds of HSPs, namely HSP70 , HSP72, HSP86, HSP90 and HSP27 were determined after a long distance transport using immunohistochemistry and Western blot. All five HSPs were regularly detected in the liver of both the transported and the control group. Both nuclear and cytoplasmic labeling was present in hepatic cells;however, localization of HSPs was quite different in hepatocytes. The majority of HSP70, HSP72 and HSP27appeared to predominate in cytoplasm of the hepatocytes. Nuclear signals of HSP90 and HSP86 were most prominent in hepatocytes in which immunostaining in the cytoplasm was relatively weak compared with that in the nucleus. There was subjectively lower staining in the edge of hepatic labule, and lower numbers of HSPs labeled hepatic cells corresponded to light microscopic lesions. The obvious inductions of some HSPs were detected in the liver, especially the HSP90(P＜ 0.01) which belongs to the HSP90 family. However, the obvious reductions of HSP86 (P ＜ 0.05), which belong to the HSP90 family, and HSP27 ( P ＜ 0.05), which belong to small families, were detected in stressed pig liver after six hours of long distance transportation.     

四翅滨藜引种试验

对引种的四翅滨藜(Atriplex canescens)树形(分成匍匐型、半匍匐型、直立型)、树高、地径、分枝数与冻害程度进行多元回归分析,确定了树形是影响其冻害程度的主要因子。因此可判定,四翅滨藜在半干旱地区引种产生冻害的主要原因是春季风大,易产生生理干旱;匍匐型的由于贴近地面,受风小,冻害程度最轻,大部分可在试验地越冬;直立型的冻害程度最高。同时,对四翅滨藜的耐旱性、耐盐碱性及在试验地的生物量、物候等进行了系统测定,为今后高寒风沙、盐碱地区引种四翅滨藜提供了借鉴。     

低温胁迫对茄子幼苗APX活性的影响及cDNA序列克隆研究

[目的]探讨低温胁迫对茄子基因表达的影响。[方法]以三叶期茄子幼苗为材料,于(8±1)℃的低温下胁迫24、48、72、961、20 h,取茄子第2片叶测定APX活性及进行APX基因的cDNA克隆。[结果]结果表明:低温胁迫下APX活性先上升后下降,以胁迫处理72 h时酶活性最高;APX基因的cDNA序列测序结果显示该序列与烟草(Nicotiana tabacum L.)、菠菜(Spinacia oleracea L.)、辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)、番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum L.)、长豇豆(Vigna unguiculata L.)、龙眼(Dimocarpus longan L.)等具有较高的同源性。[结论]APX在进化中具有较高的保守性。     

植物体内过氧化氢酶的研究进展

对植物体内CATs的研究进行了简要概括,重点讨论了其生理功能。     

低磷胁迫下水稻不同品种根系有机酸分泌的差异

以4个对低磷反应不同的典型水稻品种(系)为材料,对其在低磷胁迫下根系有机酸分泌这一根系生理特性进行了比较研究。结果表明,低磷胁迫能促使水稻根系分泌更多的有机酸,这在耐低磷品种中表现尤为明显。     

增强UV-B条件下类黄酮与苦荞逆境伤害和抗氧化酶的关系

经增强UV-B处理后,苦荞水培苗表现出胁迫效应,其相对电导率和MDA含量提高,而叶绿素含量和光合速率下降。增强UV-B处理诱导叶片类黄酮含量提高,但高幅照度和长时间UV-B处理则使后期类黄酮含量下降。叶片类黄酮含量与UV-B逆境伤害程度和抗氧化酶活性相关,外施类黄酮物质芦丁可以降低MDA含量和维持SOD活性在较高水平。     

水稻间歇灌溉水分胁迫指数研究

 综合考虑间歇灌溉缺水期土壤水分含量变化与持续时间长短对水稻的胁迫作用，提出了水分胁迫指数（WSI）的定义(公式见影像原文)。 1989-1991年的试验结果：在水稻水分敏感期，WSI与水稻生育指标和产量相关密切，其相关系数较土壤含水量和土水势指标显著提高，可供生产和研究参照应用。     

深色有隔内生真菌提高宿主植物抗逆性的研究进展

深色有隔内生真菌(DSE)是植物根际重要的益生菌,与宿主植物互作形成共生体,对宿主植物具有促生抗逆作用.深色有隔内生真菌(DSE)提高植物的抗逆性包括提高植物对干旱以及重金属污染等逆境胁迫的抗性、诱导植物产生系统抗性、抵御病原菌生物胁迫等.对这些方面的研究进展进行探讨,以期为益生菌与宿主植物互作机制研究提供理论依据和参考.     

Spatial α-diversity patterns of diverse insect taxa in Northern China: Lessons for biodiversity conservation

Current approaches in terrestrial biodiversity conservation focus predominantly on plants and vertebrates. While these groups account for less than 4% of the estimated global species richness, it is commonly argued that especially the species richness in higher plants is a suitable indicator of overall biodiversity. We tested this assumption, investigating species richness and equitability patterns in three highly species-rich insect families and their links with the vegetation and other environmental factors. Vegetation surveys were combined with pitfall and light trapping to establish the α-diversity of ground beetles, geometrid moths and arctiid moths on 48 plots at varying altitudes between Beijing and the Inner Mongolian Plateau. Soil pH and nutrient status were also recorded. The α-diversity patterns in the three insect families were non-congruent, and links with phytodiversity were weak. The spatial α-diversity patterns in each of the three insect families were significantly correlated with the species density of individual plant families. These links varied between the three insect taxa and were mostly negative in moths. Furthermore, geometrid moth diversity decreased with increasing elevation and decreasing soil pH. Strongly diverging α-diversity patterns across different insect taxa illustrate that it is impossible to find a simple surrogate representing cross-taxon diversity for these highly diverse groups. Furthermore, phytodiversity and vegetation composition appear to play a limited role in governing insect diversity patterns. These results underline the significant risk that current plant-focused approaches in terrestrial biodiversity conservation are inadequate in addressing the conservation needs of the vast majority of species on earth.     

How good are managed forests at conserving native woodpecker communities? A study in sub-Himalayan dipterocarp forests of northwest India

We assessed the impact of forest management on woodpecker community structure sub-Himalayan dipterocarp sal (Shorea robusta) forests. We selected eight sites representing four management-based ‘forest types’ (natural unworked sal, old- and young managed sal, and teak plantations). At each site, bird surveys were conducted along 2-km-long transects, 20 times during breeding and non-breeding seasons. Habitat characteristics were enumerated using circular and belt plots. Species composition across forest types was compared using multi-response permutation procedures. Indicator analysis identified woodpecker species preferring particular forest types. Biomass, abundance, and mean species richness of woodpeckers were highest in natural sal, intermediate in managed sal, and lowest in teak. There were apparent differences in woodpecker densities between seasons. Densities were higher in breeding season than non-breeding season for natural sal, while the opposite was true for managed sal. Woodpecker species composition significantly differed across forest types. The four largest species, including grey-headed (Picus canus) and greater yellownape (Picus flavinucha) that were identified as indicators, predominated natural sal but were scarce in other types. At a broader level, mean species richness of woodpeckers strongly indicated mean richness of other avifauna during breeding season. Our study suggests that forest management has significantly altered the sub-Himalayan woodpecker community structure. Managed sal forests, particularly teak plantations, are largely unable to support the original woodpecker assemblage during breeding season, although they provide foraging grounds during non-breeding season.