Prey extracts evoke swimming behavior in juvenile Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus)

This study tested the efficacy of prey extracts to induce food search behavior in juvenile (15–25 cm total length, 0 year group) Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). In square culture tanks, halibut responded to shrimp and squid extract by tightly turning towards the source of the stimulus and by swimming in circles for 2–5 min following stimulus delivery. Cod extract, or a synthetic mixture consisting of glycine, proline, betaine, arginine, and alanine, failed to evoke this behavior.     

短鳃伪稚虫的习性、分布及其在对虾养殖中的应用研究

报告了对虾养殖池中可以作为对虾优质饵料生物的一种小型底栖多毛类生物－短鳃伪稚虫及其幼体的生物学习性，内容包括春，夏期间丁字湾沿岸与牟平沿岸海幼体密度的季节变节，虾池中幼体密度的季节变化和昼夜变化，短锶伪推虫成体的生态习性以及引种繁殖的一般方法。     

虾塘沉积物—水界面的营养盐扩散通量及其在养殖季节的变化

以自行设计的方法测定了对虾养殖环境中沉积物-水界面的营养盐扩散通量。结果表明，营养盐自底质向养殖水体的扩散贯穿于整个对虾养殖季节；该扩散通量的最大值出现在养殖后期的有机质污染区，即投铒区；在污染区，养殖后期的扩散通量大大高于养殖前期，但在非污染区却未见其随养殖季节的明显差异；污染区的扩散通量始终高于非污染区，且随养殖时间的推移，该差异逐渐增大。此外，还比较了新、旧虾塘之间的营养盐扩散通量的差异。初步探讨了底质溶出营养盐对对虾养殖环境的影响。     

“Summer syndrome” in Litopenaeus stylirostris grow out ponds in New Caledonia: Zootechnical and environmental factors

The “Summer Syndrome”, a septicemic vibriosis caused by Vibrio nigripulchritudo, is responsible for one of the two main seasonal mortalities which affect shrimp aquaculture in New Caledonia. It was identified for the first time in December 1997 in an intensive shrimp farm (called farm DF) and has been enzootic ever since. The “Summer syndrome” affects shrimp during warm-season growout. Although the geographic area concerned is limited, it is a potential threat for the industry in that the disease could spread. Analysis of grow out data from 1991 to 2002 in this farm was carried out in order to characterize the disease and the environmental conditions in relation to mortality. Results of farm DF were compared to data from farms not affected by the disease (called farms HC). The “Summer syndrome” occurs during the warm season which is characterized by an increase in water temperature and sunny duration. This disease is characterized by simultaneously highest densities and weakest drying duration between crops in the farms studied. Between 1991 and 2002, the increase of feed input and nitrogen rate in feed has led to a significant increase of the growth rate over the years in farm DF. At the same time, water management has not changed and has induced an increase in environmental waste production. In consequence, an early eutrophication of water is observed, which is concomitant with the beginning of the mortality outbreaks. This could play a role by inducing directly or indirectly a stress for shrimp and/or a growth and/or virulence factors of the pathogen.     

摄食促进剂对对虾生长的影响

IntroductionMeasures to assure that all feed offered to animals in commercial operation is consumed and to reduceformulated feed waste pollution,have been considered as some of the most relevant for lowering productioncosts in aquaculture.Considering the importance of chemical stimulant in development of the crustacean lifecircle,it is logical to assume that by adding attractants to the feed,the animal would rapidly find potentialfeed and ingest it.Additionally,measures involving the incorpora…     

水文气象因子变化对自然海区对虾早期生命的影响

利用渤海湾对虾卵子、幼体和幼虾调查资料，引用相对成活倍数的概念，并选择与对虾早期生命有因果关系的水文气象因子，通过相关分析方法分析讨论了水文气象因子变化对对虾早期生命的影响。结果表明，６￣７月盐差、５月中旬产卵场现场水温和黄河径流对对虾早期生命影响较明显。     

海南省对虾苗种产业发展的现状与存在问题

对虾苗种产业是海南省的支柱性产业之一,近年来得到迅速发展。然而,由于种种原因,对虾产业发展仍受到一定的制约和影响。调查了海南省对虾苗种产业的发展概况,并指出了海南对虾苗种产业发展存在的问题,最后提出了相应的发展建议和措施。     

虾壳蛋白钙的生物效价

用酸处理虾头,虾壳粉后,可获得蛋白含量质在７６．５５％,钙含量在１５．２０％,磷含量５．２８％的优质钙磷蛋白。其必希氨基酸组成与牛乳极为近似（γ＝０．９３１６,Ｐ〈０．０１）,含量占４８．４５％,对大鼠进行饲喂试验的结果表明,虾钙磷蛋白能极显著提高大鼠的增重率,饲料利用率,体钙储留率和骨钙含量,其效果与脱脂奶粉钙接近。     

泥蚶促熟技术

将泥蚶放在对虾池中蓄养，其性成熟比放养在自然海区的提前3个月，此法提早并延长了泥蚶的繁殖期，是提高泥蚶苗种产量和经济效益的重要手段之一。     

柘林湾沿岸对虾养殖环境的氮磷负荷与区域分布

研究了柘林湾沿岸对虾养殖产生的环境氮磷负荷及其来源的数量和比例。2006年柘林湾沿岸对虾养殖产生的环境氮负荷为210.21t,其中来源于对虾的排泄氮、粪氮和残饵氮分别为157.10t、39.61t和13.50t;环境磷负荷为45.45t,其中排泄磷、粪磷和残饵磷分别为4.93t、24.87t和15.65t。对虾养殖环境氮负荷主要来源于对虾的排泄,占氮负荷的74.74%,而磷负荷主要源自粪便,占磷负荷的54.72%。柘林湾沿岸对虾养殖的环境氮磷负荷量以湾北部沿岸最大,北部、西部和东部沿岸环境氮负荷分别为144.86t、53.99t和11.36t,环境磷负荷分别为31.32t、11.68t和2.46t。