微波辅助提取-紫外分光光度法测定柚皮中总黄酮含量

通过均匀设计试验考察及优化了微波辅助提取-紫外分光光度法提取柚皮黄酮的最适提取条件:微波辐射功率638W,辐射时间6min,乙醇浓度70%,固液比1:4。研究了紫外分光光度法测定柚皮中总黄酮含量的方法,以芦丁为参照品,测定波长为258nm,吸光度与芦丁浓度的线性范围在1.0～30цg/ml,相关系数R=0.9995,平均回收率为99.60%,相对标准偏差为1.0%。该方法简单、快速、准确,样品提取后不经分离可直接测定黄酮含量,是一种较理想的测定方法。     

玫烟色拟青霉Pf9606菌株的紫外诱变选育

摘要：采用紫外照射孢子悬液和原生质体的方法对玫烟色拟青霉Pf9606菌株进行了诱变选育,并对诱变株的生物学性状及毒力进行了测定。结果表明：筛选出的 UV-22、UVP-39两菌株的产孢量分别为对照的1.58倍和1.37倍,毒力分别比对照的提高14.03%和11.00%。比较UV-22和UVP-39两诱变菌株可知,玫烟色拟青霉PF9606孢子悬液的诱变效果要好于原生质体的诱变效果。     

制备生物柴油用脂肪酶产生菌的诱变和筛选

以提高全细胞生物催化制备生物柴油的效率为目的,采用紫外诱变的方法对产脂肪酶的米根霉菌株进行诱变和筛选。筛选得到的诱变株命名为LY6,脂肪酶水解酶活(4.33 U/mL)是原始菌株的4.33倍,合成酶活(0.28 U/mL)是原始菌株的1.12倍,脂肪酶水解酶最适反应pH值为7.0。将筛选得到的菌株制备成固定化全细胞生物催化剂催化大豆油转酯化制备生物柴油,在醇油比为3∶1(物质的量之比,下同)时,脂肪酸甲酯得率比原始菌株提高了41.0%,达到87.3%;在醇油比为4∶1时,最终生物柴油的甲酯得率比原始菌株提高了16.8%,达到96.1%,故经筛选得到的菌株能作为全细胞生物催化制备生物柴油的优良菌株。     

三种紫外线辐照对黑腹果蝇蛹的影响

分别利用三种紫外灯(UVA、UVB、UVC)辐照黑腹果蝇蛹,研究辐照对黑腹果蝇的羽化率、性比、飞出率、死蛹率、成虫干重、蛹重以及F1羽化率、F1性比、F1死蛹率、F1成虫干重的影响.结果 表明:辐照后黑腹果蝇羽化率均显著降低,其中UVB辐照6h后的黑腹果蝇蛹羽化率最低,为10.00％;经过UVA辐照9h组的性比平均值为...     

用紫外分光光度法测定农抗120效价

以农抗120的主要组份A的不同浓度单位对其紫外吸收值作曲线,显示浓度与吸收值之间有显著回归关系。对4个厂家的农抗120产品进行分析,证明用紫外分光光度法测定与生测法的结果差异不显著。应用紫外分光光度法测定农抗120效价,速度快、灵敏度高、准确性好、操作简便。因此,紫外分光光度法可以应用于测定农抗120效价。     

球孢白僵菌分生孢子乳悬剂的配方筛选

从6种常用的食品乳化剂中，筛选适合于球孢白僵菌（Beuaveia bassiana)分生孢子粉使用的乳化剂。除单二甘酯外，其余5种乳化剂的乳化性能与孢子浓度呈正相关。除十二烷基硫酸钠外，各种乳化剂均能以孢子极好地相容。综合乳化性、生物相容性、湿润力和其它理化特性、蔗糖脂肪酸酯S－1可作为白僵菌孢子粉较为理想的乳化剂，使用浓度为0．2％。以0．3％的羧甲基纤维素钠为稳定剂和0．1％的抗坏血酸作为紫外线保护剂，能显著提高孢子悬液在2h内的稳定性，并能较好地保护孢子免受紫外线损伤。     

不同光照条件对斑马鱼趋光行为的影响

为探究斑马鱼(Danio rerio)在不同光照条件下的趋光行为差异,记录了6月龄的斑马鱼成鱼在紫外光(ultraviolet, UV)和可见光照射下的行为反应和在无光、紫光(420nm)、蓝光(460nm)、绿光(500nm)、黄光(585nm)和红光(620nm)6种光照条件下的趋光分布情况。结果表明,刺激光为UV时,斑马鱼优先游向黑暗环境一侧,刺激光为可见光时,斑马鱼优先游向可见光一侧;UV和可见光分别设置在试验区A和试验区B时,随着UV刺激强度增加,斑马鱼的偏好指数未呈现明显的增加趋势,UV和可见光同时设置在试验区B时,随着UV刺激强度增加,斑马鱼的偏好指数呈现出明显的下降趋势;5min和30min时斑马鱼的平均分布率均呈现红光区>紫光区>蓝光区>黄光区,绿光区的平均分布率在5min时高于红光区,在30min时介于紫光区和蓝光区之间。研究表明,斑马鱼趋向可见光而远离紫外光,表现出明显的避UV性和趋可见光性,且避UV性与趋可见光性之间存在显著的抑制作用,而无协同作用。此外,斑马鱼对红光、绿光和紫光的喜好程度较高,对黄光的喜好程度较低。研究结果可为斑马鱼视觉生态的...     

Feline corneal sequestrum: laboratory analysis of ocular samples from 12 cats

Feline corneal sequestrum is a common ocular condition typified by brown to black discoloration of the cornea. The nature of the discoloration has not been identified. The purpose of this study was to perform a laboratory investigation of ocular samples from 12 clinical cases of feline corneal sequestrum in an attempt to characterize the nature of the discoloration. The 12 cases were referred to the Ophthalmology Unit at the Animal Health Trust between April and September 2000, and were also part of a clinical review of 64 cases of feline corneal sequestrum described separately. Five laboratory techniques that are routinely performed at the Biomaterials Unit, Aston University were employed for analysis of the ocular samples. Ocular material included corneal sequestrum, tear samples, meibomian gland secretions, and bandage contact lenses from the 12 clinical cases. High-performance liquid chromatography data showed that total tear lipid in affected eyes was significantly lower than in control eyes (P = 0.016); total tear lipid in affected eyes was lower than in the unaffected, contralateral eyes of the same cat but the difference was not significant (P = 0.29). The presence of an unknown lipid class was observed in tears and meibomian secretions of affected, contralateral and control eyes. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the discoloration in affected corneas was not due to the presence of iron. Fluorescence spectroscopic analysis of sequestra, unaffected corneas and contact lenses (from affected and contralateral/unaffected eyes) showed that lipid and protein were present but did not play an important role in sequestra. Ultraviolet-visible light absorbance spectroscopy revealed a peak at 385 nm in unaffected corneas that was absent in sequestra and the difference was significant (P < 0.0001); this peak may be a characteristic feature of the normal feline cornea. The absorbance spectra displayed a peak at 280 nm in two sequestra suggesting that chromophore groups (e.g. melanin) were present. Optical microscopy performed on 10 sequestra revealed the presence of particles, which were consistent with the appearance of melanin particles, providing laboratory evidence that characterized the nature of the discoloration as melanin for the first time.     

Modulation of matrix metalloproteinases by ultraviolet radiation in the canine cornea

Purpose To determine whether ultraviolet (UV) radiation can modulate expression and regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in the canine cornea and to examine the expression of MMPs in canine chronic superficial keratitis (CSK). Methods Immunohistochemistry for MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 was performed on samples of CSK. In vitro, canine corneal epithelial cell (CEC) and stromal cell cultures were exposed to UV‐irradiation. Following 2, 8 or 24 h, cells were harvested. MMP expression was examined by zymography, and RT‐PCR was used to examine expression of Slug and Snail. CEC cultures treated with an EGFR inhibitor or a p38 inhibitor were UV‐exposed and harvested 24 h later to examine expression of MMPs, Slug and Snail. Results Canine CSK had increased immunopositivity for both MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 compared to normal canine corneas. In vitro, CEC and stromal cell cultures exposed to UV showed generally increased expression of MMP‐2, ‐9, Slug, and Snail; this response was dose and time dependent. Inhibition of the EGFR pathway did not prevent increased expression of MMP‐2, ‐9, Slug or Snail in UV‐exposed CEC; however, p38 inhibition did attenuate UV induction. Conclusions We have found increased expression of MMPs in clinical samples of CSK compared to normal corneas. In addition, we have shown that there is a temporal association and dose dependency between UV exposure and production of MMPs, Slug, and Snail. These findings suggest that overexpression of MMPs due to UV‐exposure may be linked to changes in the cornea that allow an influx of inflammatory cells and vascularization.     

A comparison of UVb compact lamps in enabling cutaneous vitamin D synthesis in growing bearded dragons

The effect of exposure to different UVb compact lamps on the vitamin D status of growing bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) was studied. Forty‐two newly hatched bearded dragons (<24 h old) were allocated to six treatment groups (n = 7 per group). Five groups were exposed to different UVb compact lamps for two hours per day, with a control group not exposed to UVb radiation. At 120 days of age, blood samples were obtained and concentrations of 25(OH)D₃, Ca, P and uric acid were determined. In addition, plasma 25(OH)D₃ concentration was determined in free‐living adult bearded dragons to provide a reference level. Only one treatment resulted in elevated levels of 25(OH)D₃ compared to the control group (41.0 ± 12.85 vs. 2.0 ± 0.0 nmol/L). All UVb‐exposed groups had low 25(OH)D₃ plasma levels compared to earlier studies on captive bearded dragons as well as in comparison with the free‐living adult bearded dragons (409 ± 56 nmol/L). Spectral analysis indicated that all treatment lamps emitted UVb wavelengths effective for some cutaneous vitamin D synthesis. None of these lamps, under this regime, appeared to have provided a sufficient UVb dose to enable synthesis of plasma 25(OH)D₃ levels similar to those of free‐living bearded dragons in their native habitat.