桔盾蚧初龄若虫活动行为的研究(英文)

1989年在美国佛州柑桔研究教育中心开展了桔盾蚧初龄若虫活动行为的研究。试验结果表明;光照强度在初龄若虫爬行定向上起重要作用。在人工光照条件下(光强<1.5×10~2lx),初龄若虫明显趋光,而在自然光下(光强>2.8×10~4lx),初龄若虫即避光,在试验果实向阳部分的初龄若虫的定着率随光强的增加而下降,其线性回归式为:y=56.40-4.63x,得出50％爬虫避光的阈值为1.38×10~4lx。重力对初龄若虫在枝条上的分布范围有影响,但对定着率无显著影响。田间初龄若虫活动时间的观察结果显示:在晴朗天气条件下活动高峰期出现在午间12点钟左右,因而认为在傍午或午间喷施农药可能获得较高的防治效果。田间的日照强度与初龄若虫的活动数量明显相关,而温、湿度和树下光照则未见到有显著影响作用。桔盾蚧初龄若虫在叶片上的定着率显著低于枝条,叶面和叶背相比,叶背显著高于叶面,对枝条的不同部位,初龄若虫的定着嗜好没有差异。另外,雌雄初龄若虫在爬行轨道和爬行速度上有明显差异。以此可用于区分初龄若虫的性别。     

基于环境行为的住区植物景观设计策略研究

从环境行为的角度出发,探讨住区植物景观设计。通过对环境影响因素以及使用者的行为分析,寻找出适合人的生理、心理以及行为的景观设计应对策略及方法,并应用到住区植物景观设计中,从而在住区形成和谐的人居空间关系。     

Relationships among environment, spawning and settlement of Queen scallop in the Ría de Arosa (Galicia, NW Spain)

This study examines the relationship of the reproductive and reserve storage cycles and spat settlement of the Queen scallop (Aequipecten opercularis) to environmental factors. The possibility of farming this species from spat settled on collectors is considered. The gonad condition index shows maximum values between mid-May and early August. Another peak occurs in mid-November. In spring and summer, the energy needed for gametogenesis is derived from food, although it is possible that direct transfer may occur from the digestive gland to the gonad. The glycogen and lipid content of the reserve organs reaches maximum values between late summer and early autumn. The energy requirements related to gametogenesis, which begins in autumn, involve the consumption of accumulated reserves with the resulting reduction in the condition indices. There is a positive correlation between temperature and the condition indices of the digestive gland, the adductor muscle and their lipid and glycogen content, respectively. Two settlement periods were recorded, one in winter, which could not be associated with the spawning of the experimental animals, and another in summer, which coincided with the spawning that took place in spring. The reduced gonad indices recorded at the end of the summer and in winter did not lead to settlement.     

现行农村基层调解制度的若干问题

寻求诉讼外纠纷解决方式,构造多元化纠纷解决机制,最大化节约社会资源,已成为当今整个法学界关注的焦点问题之一.人民调解制度,是我国所特有的纠纷解决制度.其在基层农村纠纷解决方面发挥了巨大作用.然而实践过程中,在工作方式、工作人员是否回避等问题中还存在问题,有待研究.     

新疆牧民定居情况的调查分析——以福海县为例

对新疆福海县牧民的定居状况、模式、成效及存在的问题作了详细调查和分析,提出了牧民定居的优化方案和相应的保障措施。     

The impact of subdivision and sedentarization of pastoral lands on wildlife in an African savanna ecosystem

This study looks at the impact of subdivision and sedentarization of pastoral lands on wildlife numbers and production in a savanna ecosystem of southern Kenya. The study uses aerial counts over a period of 33 years to compare changes in wildlife populations on two adjacent and ecologically similar Maasai group ranches. During the period under study, one group ranch was subdivided and settled. The other remained communally owned under shifting seasonal use. Wildlife populations decreased sharply on the privatized ranch following subdivision and increased steadily on the adjacent ranch where pastoralists continued mobile pastoralism. The results of multivariate analysis show that sedentarization and settlement distribution accounts for wildlife declines on the subdivided ranch. Both the direct displacement of wildlife and the reduction in grass production following a switch from seasonal to permanent grazing associated with sedentarization are discussed as causes of wildlife loss. Given the demand for title deeds among pastoralists to counter land losses, the resulting sedentarization is likely to become the biggest threat to wildlife in the East African savannas.     

传统农村文化景观研究进展

传统农村文化景观是先辈们长期改造自然和适应自然的智慧结晶,是人与土地和谐发展的结果。从农村文化景观的分类、农村文化景观的组成、农村聚落文化景观、特定类型农村文化景观、农村文化景观保护及规划5方面探讨我国传统农村文化景观研究进展。     

哈尔滨绕城西线高速公路软土地基沉降的计算及其分析

根据现场勘察结果,用现代土力学理论对哈尔滨绕城高速公路软土地基试验段路基的沉降量进行了计算和分析,对未来将会发生的不均匀沉降做出了预报,为工程施工提供参考。     

广州花都港头村传统聚落文化地域性格探析

广州市花都区港头村是具有典型广府文化特色和岭南水乡景观特征的传统聚落。运用建筑美学“文化地域性格”理论,从聚落选址布局、环境格局、建筑形态、装饰装修等方面展开研究,发现港头村在地域技术特征层面呈现环山临河的地理适应性、通风降温的气候适应性、因材施用的材料适应性;在社会时代精神层面凝聚敬祖图安的传统宗族礼制、中西合璧的近代交融理念、文脉延续的当代传承创新;在人文艺术品格层面彰显天人合一的审美理想、崇文重教的价值取向、世俗致用的情趣追求。     

八一农大成人教育培训楼基础处理方法

本文介绍了八一农大成人教育培训楼在基础设计中关于沉降缝的处理方法。将沉降缝改为伸缩缝，并介绍了上柔下刚基础的计算要点，供工程设计人员参考。