Effect of taurine supplemented practical diet on growth performance and taurine contents in whole body and tissues of juvenile Japanese flounder <Emphasis Type="Italic">Paralichthys olivaceus</Emphasis>

ABSTRACT:   The effect of dietary taurine on juvenile Japanese flounder was determined by feeding three taurine-supplemented experimental diets (TAU) and a commercial diet (CD) to evaluate a practical diet for juvenile Japanese flounder. Juvenile Japanese flounder were reared on the three experimental diets supplemented with taurine at 0, 0.5, 1.0% and CD. These diets were fed to juvenile Japanese flounder of an initial mean body weight of 0.2 g for 6 weeks at 20°C and the taurine contents of the whole body and tissues were analyzed. The final average body weight of juvenile Japanese flounder fed the 1.0% TAU was significantly higher than that of the other groups. Taurine contents in the whole body and tissues increased with the increase in dietary taurine level. These results indicate that juvenile Japanese flounder require at least 15 mg/g taurine in the diet, even though a combined mix of fish, krill and squid meal was the main protein source in the experimental diets.     

家蚕人工饲料中桑叶粉及大豆粉含量与质量对稚蚕、壮蚕及茧质的影响

以桑叶粉和大豆粉为主要原料的人工饲料中,桑叶粉的含量在35%～55%之间为宜,大豆粉含量不宜低于30%;桑叶粉与大豆粉的质量对人工饲料质量均有很大影响;饲育稚蚕,春叶与秋叶均可,若要饲育壮蚕,则春叶成绩明显优于秋叶;经乙醇浸提大豆粉可明显提高疏毛率,但2龄后最好改为普通大豆粉饲料;人工饲料育的中系蚕个体的壮蚕饲育成绩优于日系蚕。     

家蚕种质资源品种的人工饲料摄食性研究

采用山东省蚕业研究所现有低成本人工饲料饲养本所家蚕资源品种,研究其摄食性,结果杂交种优于日系与中系,在收蚁与1龄期间是日系明显优于中系,至3龄起蚕日系的存活率也是明显高于中系,而在2龄期间存活下来的中系家蚕对人工饲料的摄食性优于日系。     

家蚕种茧育稚蚕人工饲料育的比较试验

通过对日系种茧育稚蚕人工饲料育繁育的一代杂交种进行比较试验。探讨人工饲料在种茧育上的应用可能性。     

关于桑蚕(BombyxmoriL.)对人工饲料摄食性的研究 Ⅱ.饲料的简易化制作和同一蚕品种对人工饲料摄食性的个体差异

为解决人工饲料育的发育不齐问题,就饲料的不同调制方法对桑蚕幼虫发育的影响,以及同一蚕品种个体间的差异进行了研究。结果发现：①在饲料制作上必须进行蒸煮灭菌,以微波炉加热灭菌的与蒸煮的效果相近,不经加热杀菌简易化制作的效果都不理想;②同一蚕品种个体间对人工饲料的摄食性存在差异。对桑叶粉及蔗糖等摄食促进物质的感受性,高食性蚕比低食性蚕敏感;而对豆粕粉中摄食阻碍物质的感受性,低食性蚕比高食性蚕敏感。研究认为,要提高人工饲料育蚕的群体摄食性和发育整齐度,应尽量消除饲料中的摄食阻碍物质,或选育出对摄食阻碍物质具适应性的蚕品种     

羔羊日粮精粗比对其肉及脂肪组织中脂肪酸组成的影响

为了研究不同精粗比日粮对广河羊羔肉品质的影响,在广河县羔羊肉生产区,选择不同精粗比饲喂的6月龄健康陶寒杂交(陶赛特羊♂×小尾寒羊♀)断奶去势公羔各3只进行屠宰,取股二头肌、背最长肌、肱二头肌3个部位肌肉和肾周脂肪、皮下脂肪、尾部脂肪3个部位脂肪,用气象色谱法分析其脂肪酸的种类及含量。结果表明,在所有组织中均检测出38种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸17种,不饱和脂肪酸21种。脂肪组织中饲喂低精粗比日粮的亚油酸(C18∶2n6c)、α-亚麻酸(C18∶3n3)、饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)及其与饱和脂肪酸比值(P/S)、n3系多不饱和脂肪酸和n6系多不饱和脂肪酸均显著高于饲喂高精粗比日粮(P<0.05);饲喂低精粗比日粮的所有组织中花生四烯酸(C20∶4)的含量显著高于饲喂高精粗比日粮(P<0.05);与饲喂高精粗比日粮的羊羔肉相比,饲喂低精粗比日粮既节省了生产成本又明显改善和提高了羊羔肉中脂肪酸的营养价值。     

全纯人工营养液饲养蚜虫的研究

根据蚜虫高度特化的取食习性和平衡营养的需求，本文报道了一种较为理想的全纯营养液配方（由氨基酸、维生素、糖、盐类及微量元素等构成）和优化的人工饲养蚜虫技术体系。这为进一步深入研究蚜虫生理代谢、测定杀虫剂效果和探讨作物抗蚜生理生化机理等奠定了实验技术基础。     

Relationship between a plant-based ‘vegan’ pet food and clinical manifestation of multiple nutrient deficiencies in two cats

A topical subject in human nutrition is the steadily growing number of people choosing to limit or completely avoid all animal-derived food products either for moral dilemma, health concerns or both. To meet people's will of applying their dietary choices to their domestic animals, the pet food industry answered by launching on the market some plant-based diets. This leads to concerns about whether these diets are adequately formulated to satisfy the target species nutritional requirements, especially for cats which are still considered strict carnivores. This case report follows a 2-year-old male neutered Main Coon and a 1-year-old female spayed Domestic Shorthair cat, presented to the nutrition service of the University of Toulouse, France. Reason for consultation was lethargy with in anamnesis a recent dietary transition to a plant-based pet food. Dysorexia, lethargy and muscle waste were present at first consultation. Progressive weight loss developed during follow-ups. A macrocytic, non-regenerative anaemia with serum folates below reference were the main clinical features. Analysis of pet food showed multiple nutrients below minimum recommendation at the average daily intake of both cats. Folic acid supplementation improved dysorexia, and subsequent reintroduction of animal-derived ingredients in the diet restored appetite, weight and a normal mentation in both cases.     

蛋鸡低饲养标准饲粮配方的研究

为适应本地区当前生产需要,用低饲养标准饲粮配方,对莱杭鸡的生长与产蛋性能进行了比较试验。结果表明,在整个试验期内,补加鱼粉(1—5%)的试Ⅰ组,和含2种饼类(2—14%)的试Ⅱ组,在体重、料重比(试Ⅰ组—5.87,试Ⅱ组—6.07,对照6.66),产蛋量,料蛋比(试Ⅰ组—3.83,试Ⅱ组—3.88,对照—4.28)和盈利(元/只:试Ⅰ组—1.03,试Ⅱ组—1.23,对照—0.75)等方面较好:但因试Ⅰ组中鱼粉价高而盈利较低;加菜籽饼(2%)和豌豆粉(3—6.7%)的第Ⅲ组与选自生产配方中的对照组,在生产性能与效益方面较低,但仍可盈利,属于低标准、低效益配方,适于在饲养条件差和经营水平低的养鸡场、户采用。     

小麦+非淀粉多糖酶日粮不同能量水平对蛋鸡产蛋性能和养分代谢率的影响

为了研究小麦+非淀粉多糖酶日粮不同能量水平对产蛋高峰期蛋鸡产蛋性能和养分消化率的影响,确定适宜能量的水平。本试验选用1 024只26周龄的‘伊莎婷特’蛋鸡,随机分为8个组,每组4个重复,试验1组为玉米基础日粮组(正对照组),试验2组为小麦基础日粮组(负对照组),试验3组为小麦基础日粮组+0.01%酶制剂,其他各组在试验3组日粮的基础上用沸石粉等量代替植物油使能量逐级降低0.2MJ/kg,试验期为8周。结果表明:第2组的产蛋率显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);料蛋比以第2组最低,其中第2、7、8组与3、4、5、6组相比差异显著(P<0.05);第8组的蛋黄中胆固醇含量显著低于其他各组;各试验组蛋黄颜色和哈氏单位与1、2组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);代谢能、粗蛋白和粗脂肪利用率均以第2组显著低于其他组(P<0.05),而第1组与试验组相比均差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合以上结果评定,能量为10.7 MJ/kg时对产蛋性能和养分消化率影响不大。