The nameless counterpart: a reconstruction of the experiences of private forestry extension officers with their clients

The changes to the forest ownership structure of small private forests in recent times have opened up an intensive field of research throughout Europe. Most of the studies completed to date adhere to the classic survey model and describe the behaviour and attitudes of forest owners. The research presented in this article analyses the changes to small private forests with the aid of data collected from focus groups comprised of forestry extension officers in Germany. Through the reconstruction of the experiences gleaned by the consultants, it was possible to describe the manner in which they characterise their clientele, and the changes they have observed, against the backdrop of changes occurring across rural areas. The consultants’ strategies for describing forest owners are presented. The orientation pattern presented by the extension officers is compared with the urban orientation of forest owners’ model developed by social scientists.     

Insights into the differences in leaf functional traits of heterophyllous Syringa oblata under different light intensities

Many plants exhibit heterophylly; the spatially and temporally remarkable ontogenetic differences in leaf morphology may play an adaptative role in their success under diverse habitats. Thus, this stud...     

实施农村综合性制度创新推进城乡经济社会协调发展

与众多解析我国城乡二元结构的视角不同,文章立足于剖析农村税费改革与城乡协调发展的内在联系,从统一城乡税制、公共财政覆盖农村等几个方面,论述了正在进行的农村税费改革对城乡二元结构的触动和撞击,揭示了农村税费改革对农村经济社会领域的重大而深远的影响。在提出解决路径和对策时,提出了与农村税费改革紧密相关的统一城乡税制、统筹城乡公共品供给、建立健全农村社会保障制度、完善农村土地制度和改革就业制度五个方面的政策选择。     

青岛地区竹种质资源异地保存及生长监测

中国竹种质资源大多分布在长江以南地区,在黄河流域中原地区分布的为数不多的竹种资源就显得弥足珍贵,因而加快中原地区竹种质资源的收集保存工作迫在眉睫。文章选择在中原地区（河南省博爱县）生长较好的16个竹种,将其引种至青岛市即墨区集中保存。结果表明：16个竹种在引种地总体生长效果较好,新生竹平均胸径和新竹数量总体呈增长趋势;散生竹和铺地竹的抗寒性较丛生竹好;极寒气候对竹子地上部分秆叶的影响远大于对地下部分竹鞭的影响。此次引种取得的经验可为下一步更多竹种的异地保存提供借鉴。     

试论北方少林地区的林业商品经济

本文根据马克思主义的经济理论,联系社会主义初级阶段的实际,着重论述了我国北方少林地区的林业商品经济问题。认为这种商品经济的特点,是它的从属性、综合性和功能双重性;存在形式是追求生态经济效益的形式,经济互补全面发展的形式,发挥优势建设“经济沟”形式。因此,在北方少林地区发展林业商品经济,对于繁荣山区农村,改善人类生存环境,有重要的、根本的意义。     

辽西半干旱地区不同树种造林对矸石废弃地土壤化学性质的影响

通过在辽西半干旱地区不同类型矸石废弃地对上进行不同树种造林试验,结果表明,在Ⅰ类矸石废弃地上,紫穗槐、锦鸡儿在改善全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷方面较其他树种差异性显著,白榆在改善全氮方面较显著;在Ⅱ类类矸石废弃地上,白榆、刺槐对于速效氮改善差异性显著,紫穗槐、锦鸡儿在改善全氮、全磷、速效磷方面较其他树种差异性显著,紫穗槐、锦鸡儿在改善速效氮差异性极显著,白榆在改善全氮方面较显著;在Ⅲ类矸石废弃地上,臭椿、火炬树在改善全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷方面较其他树种差异性显著,刺槐在改善全磷、速效氮方面较显著;在Ⅳ类地区的矸石废弃地上,火炬树、刺槐、臭椿在改良土壤养分状况方面较之其他树种差异性显著。     

内蒙古大兴安岭林区森林旅游业现状与发展对策

旅游业是前景广阔的朝阳产业,森林旅游业是其中的重要组成部分。同时,森林旅游业也是未来林业发展的支柱产业之一。内蒙古大兴安岭林区风光秀丽,山峦逶迤,河流密布,林海茫茫,是不可多得的森林旅游胜地。因此,加强内蒙古大兴安岭林区森林旅游业的开发势在必行。     

半干旱区石质坡面坑道式造林整地小气候效应观测初报

为改善半干旱区石质坡面立地条件,试验尝试了坑道式造林整地模式,并于2011年5—9月对其所产生的小气候效应进行了初步观测。结果表明:植苗点的坑道内较自然坡面(对照点)地面温度与地中温度在生长季有朝着利于林木成活与生长的方面转化趋势——在5月与9月温度高于对照,在6、7、8月低于对照;水面蒸发减少194.1mm,在半干旱地区这一变化趋势有利于林木成活与生长。     

Controls on early post-fire woody plant colonization in riparian areas

Fire in riparian areas has the potential to influence the functions riparian vegetation provides to streams and aquatic biota. However, there is little information on the effects of fire on riparian areas. The objectives of the present study were to: (i) determine how fire severity interacts with riparian topographic setting, micro-environmental conditions, and pre-fire community composition to control post-fire regeneration; (ii) determine how riparian regeneration patterns and controls change during early succession; and (iii) determine how critical riparian functions are influenced by and recover after fire. Study locations included the Biscuit Fire in southwestern Oregon and the B&B Complex Fire in the Cascade Mountain Range of west-central Oregon, USA. We measured post-fire woody species regeneration, and measured factors such as fire severity, pre-fire species composition, and stream size as potential factors associated with post-fire regeneration patterns. At a relatively coarse spatial scale, patterns in post-fire colonization were influenced by elevation. At finer spatial scales, both conifer- and hardwood-dominated riparian plant communities were self-replacing, suggesting that each community type tends to occur in specific ecological settings. Abundant post-fire regeneration in riparian areas and the self-replacement of hardwood- and conifer-dominated communities indicate high resilience of these disturbance-adapted plant communities.     

沿海防护林工程营建技术研究综述

对我国沿海防护林工程主要营建技术进行了综述, 分析了沿海各地在营建海岸防护林过程中的树种选择、树种配置、林分结构优化以及低效林改造等关键技术研究现状, 并提出今后的研究重点。