Assessing opportunity and relocation costs of marine protected areas using a behavioural model of longline fleet dynamics

Increasing use of spatial management tools in fisheries requires an understanding of fleet response, and in particular to where displaced fishing effort is likely to move. We develop a state‐dependent decision‐making model to address the spatial allocation of effort in an Australian tuna longline fishery. We assume that fishers have an economic objective in deciding where to fish, but that decisions in any period are also influenced by the remaining quota held at the time of the decision. Key features of the model include endogenous price dynamics, a moving stock and a competitive pool of different vessel types operating from different port locations. We utilize this model to illustrate fleet responses to marine reserves and limits on fishing effort. The results illustrate that the model framework provides advantages over statistically based models in that decisions made in response to the imposition of a reserve are not consistent with a proportional reallocation of effort. Rather, the stochastic dynamic model yielded an overall profit level of ～4% higher relative to scenarios with no reserve. Incorporating the opportunity cost of a quota into the model resulted in an optimal utilization of effort, in which effort was concentrated in time periods and locations yielding maximized profit. Under a low level of effort relative to the season length, the model indicated an overall profit level 43% greater than the highest obtained when the same level of effort was applied solely within any given quarter of the season.     

多媒体辅助教学漫谈

本文以语文教学为例,语文多媒体教学既有优点,也有缺点,运用多媒体教学利大于弊.因此如何优化语文多媒体教学,使之扬长避短是语文教师今后要努力做的事.     

张家山汉简语言研究的回顾与展望

张家山汉墓竹简刊发以来,学术界便掀起了对其研究的热潮,近些年来,关于张家山汉简的研究取得了丰硕的成果,其中在法律思想、制度方面的成果最为突出,同时在研究方法上也有所突破,但相关的语言研究却很滞后.     

浅析宏程序在FANUC 0i数控系统中的应用

通过典型零件的宏程序编程实例分析其编程方法，并归纳出手工编程中应．用宏程序解决复杂零件数控加工编程问题的作用和技巧。     

单片机汇编语言的教学研究

从单片机汇编语言实际教学的角度出发,在培养学生学习兴趣、合理选择教材、提高教师素质、优化教学方法等方面作了教学改革探讨,结合MCS一51单片机汇编语言教学中的应用,提出了一些具体建议和行之有效的方法,指出教师应针对不同的学生群体,注意多摸索一些实用的方法来实施教学。     

道德思维的逻辑结构与形态演进：规范、语言与共识

道德思维是人类思维活动中的重要方式和特殊样式，人的道德行为方式在很大程度上受道德思维水平支配和制约。道德思维作为伦理学研究的主要内容，随着伦理学理论形态范式的演进和嬗变，相应地发生着历时性的范式转向和共时性的理论融合。探究道德思维的逻辑关系考察、结构要素分析和理论形态演进，可以廓清道德思维从本体论到认识论再到实践论的理论主题的转换和研究方法的更新。道德思维从综合性思维到分析性思维再到反思性思维的演进历程，有助于深刻理解道德规范、道德语言和道德共识之于人类生活和社会发展的理论价值和实践意义。     

用实例探析图书馆流通阅览服务中的语言艺术

图书馆讲究服务语言艺术是为读者提供优质服务的重要保障，研究通过几个实例提高图书馆员的服务语言艺术，以便于更好地为读者服务。     

Spatial optimization by simulated annealing and linear programming

Forest management planning comprises selection among treatment alternatives in management units. A traditional linear programming (LP) approach may effectively account for a profit maximization objective combined with sustainability constraints, e.g. on the temporal distribution of harvest volume flows, cash‐flow, and net present value development, but it fails to account for spatial constraints, especially those associated with final felling. By applying a simulated annealing adjacency model based on net present value maximization and combined with an LP consequence computation model, it is possible to delineate optimal strategies of final felling scheduling. Evaluation is made of the trade‐off between (1) the incremental cost (determined by use of the LP model) of an optimal adjacency model solution, and (2) the potential damage cost resulting from adjacency characteristics such as windthrow and bark injuries. The decision support system may contribute significantly to reduce damage costs and may improve the reliability of forest management planning.     

高校图书馆提高纸质外文期刊利用率之探讨

分析了图书馆外文期刊利用率低的现状及出现此类现象的原因，对提高外文期刊利用率提出合理的建议。