水稻籽粒库强与其淀粉积累之间关系的研究

本试验以源限制型水稻品种亚优2号、献改优63和汕优63为材料，研究籽粒发育过程中籽粒库强与其淀粉积累之间的关系。结果表明：（1）强、弱势粒淀粉积累与其胚乳细胞的数目密切相关，两者表现出明显的同步性；（2）强势粒蔗糖合成酶、腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶和淀粉合成酶最大活性高峰出现时间显著早于弱势粒的出现时间，     

生物技术在柑橘砧木上的应用

本文概述了当前国内外柑橘砧木生物技术尤其是基因工程技术和体细胞杂交技术在柑橘砧木种质改良和品种选育的研究现状与进展,可为我国柑橘砧木资源的研究与开发利用提供参考。基因工程在柑橘育种中的应用起步较晚,但近年来发展迅速,通过运用农杆菌介导法、附体腋芽转化－离体扩繁鉴定法、DNA直接导入法等基因工程技术对培育新型抗性柑橘砧木品种取得了一定的成果;在体细胞杂种的运用方面,通过原生质体融合,获得了大量具优良性状的杂种体细胞,并建立了多个抗病杂交后代群。目前,柑橘砧木生物技术的研究方兴未艾,现代生物技术在柑橘砧木资源多样性研究与种质改良方面仍是今后的主攻方向。     

Effect of transketolase-like protein 1 on proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of transketolase-like protein 1 (TKTL1) on proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro. METHODS: The siRNA against TKTL1 mRNA was constructed and transfected into human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE cell line). The activity of transketolase was detected before and after RNA interference.Real-time PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of transketolase (TKT) gene family in the CNE cells.Flow cytometry and MTT test were used to detect the effect of anti-TKTL1 siRNA on cell proliferation and cell cycle in the CNE cells. RESULTS: The total transketolase activity was significantly decreased in the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct compared with the cells transfected with control vector or untransfected CNE cells. No significant difference in the expression level of TKT and TKTL2 gene between the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct and the cells transfected with control vector or untransfected CNE cells was observed (P>0.05). However, the expression level of TKTL1 gene was significantly downregulated in the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct compared with the cells transfected with control vector.Cancer cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase, and cancer cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct. CONCLUSION: TKTL1 plays an important role in the total transketolase activity and cell proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. TKTL1 may be considered as a potential target for novel anti-cancer therapy.     

色素万寿菊组织培养培养基组成的初步研究

以色素万寿菊腋芽作为外植体材料,筛选各个阶段的培养基配方,研究色素万寿菊的组织培养技术。结果表明：MS＋BA 0.5 mg/L＋NAA 0.1 mg/L对腋芽诱导芽的效果最好;MS＋BA 1 mg/L＋NAA 0.01 mg/L为继代培养基的适宜配方;1/2MS＋IBA 0.1 mg/L生根效果很好。     

四倍体甜瓜花粉母细胞减数分裂的观察

以同源四倍体甜瓜为材料,采用常规压片法研究花粉母细胞减数分裂行为。结果表明:同源四倍体甜瓜花粉母细胞减数分裂过程与二倍体类似,但有其特殊性。主要表现在:粗线期观察到有6.7%的细胞出现双核;终变期的四倍体染色体构型较复杂,有二价体、多价体、三价体和单价体;中期I和中期II有赤道板外染色体;后期I和后期II出现染色体桥和落后染色体;四分体时期出现二分体、三分体和多分体。花粉母细胞减数分裂的异常是同源四倍体甜瓜育性低的细胞学原因。     

鲫肠道上皮细胞原代培养方法的研究

探讨了健康鲫(Carassius auratus)幼鱼肠道上皮细胞的原代培养方法。结果显示,用含有抗生素、胶原蛋白酶Ⅰ、EDTA和胶原蛋白酶Ⅳ组成的D-Hanks液消化无菌分离的鲫肠道可以获得大量细胞团及绒毛隐窝;用含有抗生素、胎牛血清(FBS)、表皮生长因子(EGF)、胰岛素的DMEM培养液进行培养,并根据肠道上皮细胞与成纤维细胞贴壁时间的差异进一步纯化,连续培养12d后可以得到纯化的肠道上皮细胞。     

南方鲇源豚鼠气单胞菌胞外产物活性与致病性研究

采用琼脂扩散法测定了南方鲇源豚鼠气单胞菌胞外产物酶活性和溶血活性,同时对胞外产物的细胞毒性和其致病性进行了研究。结果显示:南方鲇源豚鼠气单胞菌胞外产物具有蛋白酶、脂酶、明胶酶和脲酶活性,但不具有淀粉酶和卵磷脂酶活性,具有很强的溶血活性和细胞毒性。肌肉注射感染发现,其对南方鲇有强致病性,其LD50为每千克鱼体重0.802 mg;注射后的南方鲇肌肉、心、肝、肾、脾、肠和胃等组织发生了严重组织病理变化,骨骼肌和心肌坏死断裂,炎症细胞浸润;肝脏严重空泡变性;肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死、间质内大量炎症细胞浸润;脾充血、出血,淋巴细胞减少,胃肠黏膜上皮细胞变性、坏死、脱落。     

Salmonid fish viruses and cell interactions at early steps of the infective cycle

A flow cytometric virus-binding assay that directly visualizes the binding and entry of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and virus haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) to several cell lines was established. The highest efficiency of binding was shown by the BF-2 cell line and this was used to study, at the attachment level, the interactions of these cells with salmonid fish viruses in coinfections, and to further determine if the earliest stage of the viral growth cycle could explain the previously described loss of infectivity of IHNV when IPNV is present. Our results demonstrated that IPNV binds to around 88% of cells either in single or dual infections, whereas IHNV attachment always decreased in the presence of any of the other viruses. VHSV binding was not affected by IPNV, but coinfection with IHNV reduced the percentage of virus-binding cells, which suggests competition for viral receptors or co-receptors. Internalization of the adsorbed IHNV was not decreased by coinfection with IPNV, so the hypothetical competence could be restricted to the binding step. Treatment of the cells with antiviral agents, such as amantadine or chloroquine, did not affect the binding of IPNV and VHSV, but reduced IHNV binding by more than 30%. Tributylamine affected viral binding of the three viruses to different degrees and inhibited IPNV or IHNV entry in a large percentage of cells treated for 30 min. Tributylamine also inhibited IHNV cytopathic effects in a dose-dependent manner, decreasing the virus yield by 4 log of the 50% endpoint titre, at 10 mm concentration. IPNV was also inhibited, but at a lower level. The results of this study support the hypothesis that IHNV, in contrast to VHSV or IPNV, is less efficient at completing its growth cycle in cells with a simultaneous infection with IPNV. It can be affected at several stages of viral infection and is more sensitive to the action of antiviral compounds.     

Protective effect of C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 on vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia

AIM To study whether C1q/tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-related protein 3 （CTRP3）protect vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia and its potential mechanisms. METHODS An animal model of hyperuricemia was established by using male SD rats drinking 10% fructose water （n=10）. The rats drinking normal water served as normal controls （n=10）. After 12 weeks, the rats were given a single injection with Ad-CTRP3 or Ad-GFP. The experiment was ended at 14th day after transfection.The serum levels of uric acid and nitric oxide （NO） were evaluated. The serum contents of TNF-α and interleukin-6 （IL-6） were measured by ELISA. HE staining and TUNEL assay were used to assess the morphological changes of intima and apoptosis of endothelial cells in thoracic aorta, respectively. The mRNA levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS）, TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by RT-qPCR. The protein levels of CTRP3 and Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, the rats with hyperuricemia showed lower CTRP3 and higher TLR4 protein levels in the thoracic aorta （P<0.05）. Hyperuricemic rats had higher serum contents of uric acid, TNF-α and IL-6 （P<0.05）. Also, the intima structure disturbance of thoracic aorta, increased apoptotic rate, higher mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6 as well as lower mRNA levels of eNOS were observed （P<0.05）. By contrast, CTRP3 over-expression decreased TLR4 protein levels, reduced inflammatory cytokines, and obviously improved the morphology and function of thoracic aorta in the rats with hyperuricemia. CONCLUSION CTRP3 protect vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia maybe via down-regulation of TLR4- mediated inflammatory signaling pathway.     

Effects of swimming on experimental endometriosis in rats

AIM To evaluate the effect of swimming on experimental endometriosis in rats. METHODS 80 female SD rats were divided into 8 groups, including control group, model group and animals performed light exercise （swimming once a week）, moderate exercise （swimming 3 times a week）, and intense exercise （swimming 5 times a week） before or after endometriosis induction,10 rats in each group. The mRNA and protein expressions of fatty acid synthase （FAS）, matrix metalloproteinase 9 （MMP9） and proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） in endometrium of rats were detected. RESULTS The swimming before the induction of the edometriosis lesions did not prove to have aprophylactic role against endometriosis, whereas the swimming after induction of the lesions had a beneficial effect regardless of frequency, with a greater reduction in the groups practicing moderate and intense activity （P<0.05）, an increase in FAS levels and a decrease in MMP9 and PCNA levels were also observed （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Swimming after induction of the edometriosis is beneficial for the treatment of endometriosis, the mechanism may be related to the expression of FAS, MMP9 and PCNA protein.