头孢氨苄对斑节对虾幼体发育及育苗水体细菌数量的影响

研究了不同浓度头孢氨苄(Cefalexin)对斑节对虾Penaeusmonodon幼体发育以及对斑节对虾育苗水体中异养菌总数和弧菌数量的影响。在试验初期,无论是对照组还是施用头孢氨苄的各试验组,育苗水体中的总异养菌数量和弧菌数量都呈现出较为明显的上升趋势;在第二次施用头孢氨苄后,各试验组的异养菌总数和弧菌数量的增幅明显低于对照组(或出现异养菌总数和弧菌数量缓慢下降),而对照组异养菌总数和弧菌数量则呈现显著的上升。施用0.5～1.0μL·L-1头孢氨苄对育苗水体中的总异养菌有显著的杀灭及抑制作用,但对弧菌数量杀灭及抑制作用并不显著;施用1.5μL·L-1头孢氨苄对育苗水体中的总异养菌和弧菌数量的杀灭及抑制作用显著。当幼体变态发育至仔虾第8天(P8)时,对照组异养菌总数和弧菌数量分别达6.33×105和3.55×104CFU·mL-1,均远远高于试验组的异养菌总数和弧菌数量增长的幅度。试验组的幼体变态到P1期的时间,比对照组缩短了10h以上;试验组的成苗率也比对照组提高了3.2%～13.1%。     

Changing of fat content and fatty acid profile of reared pike (Esox lucius) fed two different diets

Fat content and fatty acid profile of two pike yearling groups grown on two different diets were compared. The groups originated from culture on artificial feed. One group (cultured pike fed first pellet then prey‐fish (PF)) was fed with natural food, live prey‐fish, while the other one (cultured pike fed exclusively pellet (PP)) by trout feed through a 3‐month experimental period. Growth of pike was lower with PP than with PF. The trout feed resulted in an increase of the fat content of fillet and the formation of abdominal fat depots. Feeding of natural food decreased the fat content. The proportion of the saturated fatty acids in fillet was higher in the (PF) group. The n‐6 fatty acids (arachidonic C20:4n‐6 and docosatetraenic C22:4n‐6 acids) were lowest in PP‐fed pike. Regarding total n‐3 fatty acids ratio there was no significant difference between the groups, but the level of α‐linolenic (C:18:3n‐3) acid showed significant difference among groups.     

Outdoor mass microalgae production in Bahia Kino, Sonora, NW Mexico

The diatom Chaetoceros muelleri was grown in outdoor mass cultures under the winter, spring and summer conditions of Bahia Kino, Sonora, NW Mexico. The solar irradiance in winter was close to 60% of that available in spring and summer, but the cell concentrations and the harvestable biomass were one order of magnitude higher in spring and summer than in winter. There was no difference between the biomass harvested after 2 and 3 days in winter and summer, whereas in spring it was higher after 3 days. The protein content was significantly lower in winter, and carbohydrates and lipids were higher in winter and spring. The number of cells and the amount of harvestable biomass of outdoor cultures of C. muelleri depend on the temperature prevailing in each season, which causes significant differences in growth rates and in biochemical composition.     

海带配子体克隆育苗的关键技术

海带配子体克隆育苗生产技术工艺包括克隆的扩增培养、采苗及幼苗培育3部分。从生产应用的角度总结并探讨了海带克隆育苗工艺中各环节的关键技术。     

方斑东风螺生态育苗试验

通过运用群落生态法进行方斑东风螺生态育苗试验。在完全破坏水体生态系统后,对水体进行曝气还原,以微藻与有益菌组建新的生态群落。亲螺培育过程以蟹肉为主,单胞藻类为辅,并进行流水培育和阴干刺激,孵出面盘幼虫1260×10^4个,幼虫培育密度8．23×10^4个／m^3。从面盘幼虫至稚螺培育期间,投放“饲倍速”活菌0．2-2．0×10^-6,幼虫变态后投喂蟹肉为主,单胞藻类为辅;稚螺培育池底不铺沙。经50天时间,培育螺苗201．6万粒,规格9000-10000粒/kg,单位面积产苗10566粒／m^2,成活率16％。     

甘薯天蛾饲养研究初报

取食甘薯叶的幼虫重量（约为7．53g)比取食空心菜叶的幼虫（约7．77g)稍轻，但其死亡率较低；成虫产卵以顶叶下第4叶上最多，占30．13％，第3、5叶次之，分别占27．78％和20．71％；甘薯天蛾幼虫头壳指数为0．6240，可作为分龄依据；幼虫饲养密度（x)与幼虫重量(y1)呈显著负相关，与死亡率（y2)呈显著正相关。     

天敌昆虫—蠋蝽的研究进展

蠋蝽是农林上一种十分重要的天敌昆虫,具有地理分布广、捕食种类多、捕食能力强、适应性好等特点,开发应用前景十分广阔。为了系统总结近年来在蠋蝽研究领域取得的一系列进展,本文从蠋蝽的分类地位、地理分布和形态学、生物学特性、人工繁育技术、控害功能研究等方面进行了综述,分析了蠋蝽研究领域当前存在的问题,并对今后的研究方向和应用前景进行了展望。     

“浙农1号”意蜂的生产性哺乳率

１－３日龄“浙农１号”意蜂工蜂幼虫的个体呼吸商约为０．９３３,平均生长饲料比为１．５６９,蜂王幼虫在移虫后４０－８０ｈ的呼吸商约为０．９１,生长饲料比为１．４８．根据估测的年出蜂数,计算工蜂个体平均吐浆量,从而得出“浙农１号”生产性哺乳率为２．３５－３．３６．     

全纯人工营养液饲养蚜虫的研究

根据蚜虫高度特化的取食习性和平衡营养的需求，本文报道了一种较为理想的全纯营养液配方（由氨基酸、维生素、糖、盐类及微量元素等构成）和优化的人工饲养蚜虫技术体系。这为进一步深入研究蚜虫生理代谢、测定杀虫剂效果和探讨作物抗蚜生理生化机理等奠定了实验技术基础。     

南美斑潜蝇室内饲养及生物学特性

通过观察在豇豆上一个完整世代的饲养试验,对南美斑潜蝇的生活习性、形态特征进行了描述。结果表明,在室温(25±1)℃,RH75%～85%,光照14h条件下,一个世代为16～17天;成虫在叶片上、下表面皆可刺孔取食,幼虫取食叶片栅栏组织、海绵组织区分不明显。