菊花抗寒性与营养特性的研究

寒菊抗寒性比秋菊强，气温－２～－５℃时，秋菊严重冻害，寒菊多数品种仍能正常生长和开花。在同一生长条件下，寒菊比秋菊叶水分含量低２％～３％，可溶糖含量高０．５％～３％，氮含量低０．２％～０．５％，钾含量高０．１６％～０．４０％。这是寒菊抗寒性优于秋菊的重要生理因素。秋、寒菊磷、锌含量差异不显著，秋菊铁，锰元素含量均高于寒菊。     

黄靛牛肝菌子实体营养成分分析评价

测定了黄靛牛肝菌子实体的氨基酸、矿质元素以及维生素等主要营养成分含量,并与香菇和双孢蘑菇的营养成分进行了比较。结果表明,黄靛牛肝菌子实体富含蛋白质、多种维生素和矿物质,并含有18种游离氨基酸,其中包括人体必需的8种氨基酸,其铅、镉、砷含量均在国家规定的食品安全标准范围之内。     

Temporal trends in reproductive performance in Irish dairy herds and associated risk factors

: Irish dairy herd fertility has been declining since the 1980s. The extent, nature and causes of this decline in fertility and the current status of Irish dairy herd fertility were described. An increase in calving interval of approximately one day per year has been recorded. The principal components of this trend have been an increased incidence of postpartum endocrinopathies, reduced expression of oestrus and a fall in conception rate. Both submission rate and calving-to-service interval have increased slightly over time. Significant risk factors associated with these trends have been strain substitution within the Holstein-Friesian breed and single trait selection for milk production. Critically, these changes have been reflected in loss of body condition. Contributory factors included increased herd size and possibly increased use of DIYAI. The most recent Irish study showed that 48% of cows conceived to first service and 14% of cows were not pregnant at the end of the industry-average 15-week spring breeding season. However, the top quartile of herds achieved a first-service conception rate of 59%, illustrating the wide variation between herds. These phenotypic trends were attributed to both genetic and environmental factors and their interactions. Recent Irish dairy herd fertility performance falls short of the targets set for seasonal compact calving.     

弗雷葡萄叶中氮·磷·钾含量年动态变化规律研究

[目的]确定新疆弗雷无核葡萄(Vitis vinifera cv.Frey)叶营养诊断的适宜采样部位和采样时期。[方法]以进入盛果期的弗雷无核为材料,分别测定了叶片和叶柄中不同生育期N、P、K的含量并分析其变化情况。[结果]弗雷葡萄叶片中N、P、K的动态变化有明显的规律,在营养生长期N、P的含量高,K的含量先升高后又降低,呈波状的变化趋势,N、P在叶片和叶柄中表现类似的变化趋势,K的变化则叶片和叶柄中差异较大。[结论]综合考虑,对新疆弗雷无核葡萄进行N、P、K叶营养诊断时,采样部位选择果穗对面叶的叶柄,采样时期为7月初至7月中旬。     

牡丹基质栽培技术研究

[目的]寻找新的高效的牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa)栽培基质。[方法]针对牡丹的出口苗木培育目标,配制了8种基质和3种营养液,就牡丹嫁接、分株苗培育进行了牡丹生长全过程的无土栽培试验研究。[结果]5年的研究发现,基质7(珍珠岩+泥炭土50%+50%)、基质8(珍珠岩+泥炭土+椰糠50%+40%+10%)与3号营养液[Ca(NO3)2.4H2O 0.882 00 g/L+KNO30.444 00 g/L+H2SO4 0.125 00 g/L+Na2Fe-EDTA 0.400 00 g/L+H3BO30.002 70 g/L+ZnSO4.7H2O 0.000 50 g/L+CuSO4.5H2O 0.000 08 g/L+NaMoO4.2H2O 0.000 13 g/L]组合在牡丹基质栽培中表现最佳,嫁接苗合格率达到95%;无土栽培有效地控制了牡丹病虫害的发生,尤其是根部病虫害未见发病株,所培育的苗木可全部用于出口;与大棚设施相结合,无土栽培技术可使牡丹"春提前、秋延后",缩短了培育周期,提高了苗木培育速度;无土栽培效益十分可观,投资利润率为112.18%,每年净利润超过30万元/hm2,是传统栽培净利润的4.59倍。[结论]该研究可为解决牡丹落后的生产管理技术,使牡丹的栽培技术与世界的花卉栽培技术相接轨,提高牡丹产品在国际市场上的竞争力,并进一步促进牡丹产业化的发展提供参考。     

“黑珍珠”番茄温室无土栽培技术

"黑珍珠"番茄是近年从国外引进的番茄新品种,果实为红黑色,药食兼用,营养价值高。文章从育苗、基质及营养钵准备、定植、水肥管理、植株调整、病虫害防治、采收等方面介绍了"黑珍珠"番茄温室无土栽培技术。     

萝卜与芥菜远缘杂交新品种的选育研究

以萝卜不育系为母本,雪里蕻、大头菜和多裂叶芥为父本,在温室通过蜜蜂进行远缘杂交,并获得杂交种。经过田间种植淘汰掉假杂种,获得一株叶形明显变异的品种,对其自交,其分离成7个类型品系。选取较稳定的"萝芥4号"品系观察了其生长形态、下扎趋势以及根系分布特性,分析了早期生长过程中品种间的相似性,同时针对"萝芥4号"及对照品种进行营养成分分析。采用"武A"雄性不育系与"萝芥4号"配制杂交组合,获得叶片性状遗传稳定、肉质根杂交优势明显的组合,该组合十分适合腌制加工。     

营养转化肥对不同品种谷子产量的影响

营养转化肥是一种植物生长调节肥,其通过调控植物生育期各环节使生产潜力得以发挥,具有提质增产的作用。为评价营养转化肥在谷子上的应用效果,以目前我国夏谷区主推面积较大的3个谷子品种冀谷31、冀谷19和张杂谷11号为试材,采用对比试验设计,研究了施用营养转化肥对植株长势和谷子产量的影响。结果表明：营养转化肥对3个谷子品种苗高10 cm和40 cm左右时的植株长势均无显著影响,在抽穗期只对冀谷19和冀谷31表现出了矮化效果;对3个谷子品种均表现增产效应,增产率顺序为张杂谷11号（7.77%）〉冀谷19（7.24%）〉冀谷31（2.06%）,但方差分析结果显示差异并不显著。     

彩色小麦主要理化参数的分布分析及分层制粉技术研究(英文)

[目的]尽快推进彩色小麦的产业化进程,满足人们对营养型谷物的需求,实现食品营养天然、食用安全可靠。[方法]采用分层碾磨制粉技术和小麦抗粉碎硬度指数测定方法,研究彩色小麦的营养分布及硬度对各部分营养分离制粉的影响。[结果]彩色小麦的氨基酸总体含量高于普通白小麦13.91%-23.32%,而其主要营养元素Se、Zn、Fe、Ca与普通白小麦比较,‘中普黑麦1号’和‘中普绿麦1号’的Zn、Fe、Ca含量比普通白小麦偏高,而‘中普紫麦1号’则普遍偏低‘,中普绿麦1号’Fe、Ca的含量比较突出,分别高于普通白小麦371.80%和102.86%。彩色小麦的结构营养分布等同于普通小麦,其果皮、种皮、糊粉层和胚芽具有丰富的营养,属营养型小麦,影响营养分离加工的关键因素是小麦的硬度,采用分层碾磨分离技术可基本实现营养分离工业化加工的目的。[结论]该研究为彩色小麦营养资源的开发与合理利用提供了示范。     

A Comparative Review of Vitamin E and Associated Equine Disorders

Vitamin E is a primary chain‐breaking antioxidant that prevents cyclic propagation of lipid peroxidation. Across species, vitamin E is essential for normal neuromuscular function by acting as a potent antioxidant, as well as by modulating the expression of certain genes, inhibiting platelet aggregation and stabilizing plasma membranes. This review focuses on vitamin E structure, absorption, metabolism, current equine dietary recommendations, the interplay between antioxidants and exercise, a discussion of the necessity of vitamin E supplementation in the horse above the Nutritional Research Council (NRC) 2007 requirements, and a review of equine diseases that are associated with a vitamin E deficiency. Particular emphasis is placed on the proteins involved in vitamin E absorption, transport, and metabolism as potential candidates for vitamin E‐associated diseases across species.