水稻东农415的抗瘟性基因分析

 采用“累积分布曲线法”用日本7个单基因鉴别菌系(P-2b、研53-33、稻72、北1、研54-20、研54-04、稻168)接种鉴定了农林20×东农415组合7套F3系统。结果表明，东农415对P-2b、北1、稻168三个菌系的抗性是由三对显性基因控制的；对研53-33菌系是由两对显性互补基因控制的；对研54-04菌系的抗性是由两对显性基因和一对隐性基因控制的；对稻72和研54-20两个菌系的抗性是由两对显性基因控制的。分析结果显示水稻品种东农415至少含有三个显性抗瘟性基因，且基因间存在互作。     

鸡传染性支气管炎肾脏型SK9株毒力稳定性试验报告

将鸡传染性支气管炎肾脏型SK9株通过鸡胚盲传10代,检测E1、E5、E10各代毒的病毒含量、安全性、免疫原性,用雏鸡回归5代,检测C1-C5各代毒的病毒含量、安全性等,说明SK9株是一株稳定性好的毒株。     

剑尾鱼RW-H近交系的遗传结构分析

筛选31条随机引物对剑尾鱼的第8代近交RW-H系A、B、C3窝共11尾剑尾鱼个体基因组DNA进行RAPD扩增，计算近交系个体间及不同窝间的相似系数及遗传距离。结果筛选的31条引物共扩增出383条带，扩增片段的大小在0．2～3kb。其中多态性带30条，多态性带频率在0～58．33％，平均为7．83％。近交系剑尾鱼不同个体拥有相同条带的比率较高。计算得到近交系的平均相似系数(S)为0．9829(0．9716～0．9960)，平均等位基因频率(q)为0．8692，最低平均杂合率(H)为0．1308。同时，用5个微卫星标记对非选育剑尾鱼和近交系RW-H系的基因组进行分析，检测等位基因的个数和大小，结果5个微卫星座位在非选育剑尾鱼中显示为多态，而在近交系RW-H系除1个位点出现等位基因外，其余均为纯合子，计算得到近交系的平均遗传相似系数为0．9345，两种方法均证明近交RW-H系第8代剑尾鱼有较高的遗传纯合度。     

Numerical analysis on the evolutionary features of deformation and failure modes of slopes

The failure of slope is a gradual accumulation process. Under the effect of many interior and exterior factors, some parts in the slope reach yield with the increase of stress, and sliding surface forms gradually till complete transfixion. With continuous increase of the plastic strain, overall failure happens on the slope. Traditional analysis method cannot display the mechanic conditions and the whole process of deformation, transfixion of sliding surfaces and failure. Meanwhile, FEM strength reduction can quantitatively show the deformation features and the process of occurrence and development of sliding surface. Based on the previous researches, the paper classifies slopes according to the features of rock and soil and the slope structure. Through analyzing the graphs of deformation and the nephograms of plastic strain under different reduction factors or safety factors, the researchers can directly find the deformation tendency of slopes and the whole process of the extension, transfixion and failure of sliding surface with the reduction of safety factor. So, the failure mechanism of slope can be found intuitively, which can provide effective basis for the prevention and governance of slopes.     

几种常见蝴蝶兰组培突变体的RAPD检测

从蝴蝶兰组培群体中筛选得到3种蝴蝶兰组培突变体:缺刻型花,花瓣唇瓣化的非正常整齐花以及花色嵌合型突变体.利用50条随机引物对3种突变体及其正常株进行RAPD检测,结果发现RAPD检测对缺刻型花和花色嵌合型突变体有效,但是对花瓣唇瓣化的非正常整齐花无效.另发现缺刻型花存在个体差异,每个突变体的条带并不相同.     

戴云山羊新品系繁殖性能研究

试验系统研究了经连续4个世代选育的戴云山羊新品系的繁殖性能。结果表明,各世代配种率、受胎率均在90％以上;头胎母羊产羔数在1．32～1．48头之间、经产母羊产羔数在1．89～2．12头之间;头胎初生重为1．69～1．77kg,经产为1．47～1．58kg。遗传改良效果为：各世代母羊的配种率与受胎率都得到了一定的改善;产羔数提高约0．2头;各世代羔羊的初生重随着产羔数的增加而减少。     

近交系基因敲除小鼠微卫星不稳定性分析

前期研究中选取了198个与基因突变和疾病相关的小鼠微卫星不稳定性位点,经对转基因和基因突变小鼠研究,发现有41个位点具有不稳定性.为了进一步确认这些位点与基因改变的相关性,本试验应用这41个微卫星位点对29种C57BL/6J基因敲除小鼠进行了检测,并将野生型C57BL/6J和129品系小鼠(ES供体)作为对照.通过PCR扩增,STR扫描和直接测序的方法检测微卫星的不稳定性.在41个微卫星位点中有10个位点在11种基因敲除小鼠中呈现不稳定性(24.4％,10/41).核心序列为三核苷酸的D3Mit22在9号基因敲除小鼠中显示不稳定性,其余40个位点的核心序列均为二核苷酸,有9个位点呈现不稳定性(22.5％,9/40);另一方面,29种基因敲除小鼠有11种出现了不稳定性(37.9％,11/29);(TG)n为核心序列的二核苷酸表现不稳定性的比率最大(50％,2/4),依次为(GT)n(27.27％,3/11)和(AG)n(25％,1/4),重复序列(CA)n、(CT)n分别为23.08％(3/13)和20％(1/5).克隆测序的结果显示,6种基因敲除小鼠呈现核心序列片段的插入,1种基因敲除小鼠则为缺失.有2个位点(D13Mit3和D14Mit102)在2种基因敲除小鼠中出现不稳定性,9号基因敲除小鼠在2个位点(D3Mit22和D13Mit3)呈现不稳定性.结果显示基因敲除小鼠出现了微卫星不稳定性.     

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus induces pronounced immune modulatory responses at mucosal tissues in the parental vaccine strain VR2332 infected pigs

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a chronic viral disease of pigs caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV). The PRRSV VR2332 is the prototype North American parental strain commonly used in the preparation of vaccines. Goal of this study was to understand missing information on VR2332 induced immune modulation at the lungs and lymphoid tissues, the sites of PRRSV replication. Pigs were infected intranasally and samples collected at post-infection day (PID) 15, 30, and 60. Microscopically, lungs had moderate interstitial pneumonia, and the virus was detected in all the tested tissues. Peak antibody response and the cytokine IFN-γ secretion were detected at PID 30, with increased TGF-β until PID 60. Population of CD8⁺, CD4⁺, and CD4⁺CD8⁺T cells, Natural killer (NK) cells, and γδ T cells in the lungs and lymphoid tissues were significantly modulated favoring PRRSV persistence. The NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity was significantly reduced in infected pigs. In addition, increased population of immunosuppressive T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and associated cytokines were also observed in VR2332 strain infected pigs.     

多杀性巴氏杆菌生物被膜扫描电镜研究

[目的]利用扫描电镜研究多杀性巴氏杆菌生物被膜的独特结构。[方法]在扫描电镜生物样品制备常规方法和改进方法的基础上,对从广东病鸡分离出的3株多杀性巴氏杆菌的表面形貌进行比较。[结果]改进方法较常规方法更明显地获得了细菌生物被膜三维立体结构观察的效果。[结论]扫描电镜可观测到多杀性巴氏杆菌生物被膜直观的三维构象,为细菌生物被膜的进一步研究提供了直观依据。     

冰葡萄酒发酵过程中成分变化的研究

[目的]研究冰葡萄酒的品质及发酵过程中成分的变化。[方法]以辽宁五女山米兰酒业有限公司提供的威代尔(Vidal)冰葡萄汁为酿酒材料,基于3种发酵温度、3种菌株和9种接种量,设计正交试验,对酿造冰葡萄酒发酵过程中的成分进行分析。[结果]冰葡萄酒成品的理化指标为:酒精度11%、糖度27.8°Brix、干浸出物244.3 mg/L、游离SO236.4 mg/L、总SO265.0 mg/L、氨基酸367.8 mg/L、总酸11.4 mg/L,挥发酸561.0 mg/L。根据冰葡萄酒的实际酿造结果和品质综合评价,冰葡萄酒的发酵温度为12℃,莱蒙特D47为酿造冰葡萄酒质的最佳的酒酵母。[结论]研究可为冰葡萄酒发酵条件的优化及加工技术的提高提供理论依据,同时为其他冰冻类水果的加工研究奠定基础。