猪源隐孢子虫卵囊的分离及基因型鉴定

应用RT-PCR方法对南京、上海和合肥猪源隐孢子虫卵囊SSU rRNA部分序列进行扩增,产物测序后提交GenBank,收录号为DQ855266、DQ855267;用BLAST和DNAStar软件与GenBank参考序列进行比较,分析其同源性,绘制系统发育进化树,结合卵囊形态学观察和对小鼠、大鼠、兔、山羊和鸡的传染性试验确定隐孢子虫种类或基因型。结果表明,3地区猪源隐孢子虫分离株与微小隐孢子虫(C.parvum)同源性达94%~100%,与C.parvummouse型有99.8%~100%的同源性,并处于进化树的同一分支。因此,3地区猪源隐孢子虫是C.parvummouse型,提示猪和鼠之间存在交叉传播的可能。     

蜜蜂遗传多样性研究的RAPD-PCR反应体系的正交优化

利用正交设计L16（45）对蜜蜂基因组DNARAPD-PCR反应体系的5个因素（Tag酶,引物,Mg2＋,dNTP,模板）在4个水平上进行优化试验,筛选出各个反应因素的最佳水平,建立蜜蜂模板DNARAPD-PCR反应的最佳体系（25L）：10×PCRbuffer3.0L,Tag酶0.5U,引物浓度0.4mol/L,Mg2＋浓度3.0mmol/L,dNTP浓度0.5mmol/L,模板40ng。对蜜蜂DNARAPD-PCR最佳反应体系的退火温度进行了梯度试验,最佳退火温度为54℃。     

基于连接酶检测反应的PRL基因多态与清远麻鸡繁殖性能的相关性研究

旨在建立一个基于聚合酶链反应-连接酶检测反应的基因多态性并行检测系统,探讨鸡催乳素(PRL)基因的多态性,并分析其对优良地方鸡种——清远麻鸡繁殖性能的遗传效应。本研究应用PCR-LDR方法检测PRL8052T/C和PRL8113G/C基因型,并使用SAS软件进行最小二乘分析。结果,在8052T/C位点上,CT基因型个体的52周产蛋数显著高于TT型个体;在8113G/C位点上,CG基因型个体的开产日龄显著低于GG型个体,而其52周龄产蛋数却显著高于GG型个体。2个位点的单倍型对开产日龄和52周产蛋数也存在显著的效应,CTCG型个体具有较早的开产日龄和最高的52周龄产蛋数。结果表明,PRL基因多态性与清远麻鸡繁殖性状有相关关系,PRL 8052T/C和PRL 8113G/C杂合基因型可能是提高鸡繁殖性能的分子标记,利用单倍型进行标记辅助选择可能会获得更大的遗传进展。     

Dual-purpose Guzerá cattle exhibit high dairy performance under heat stress

The present study evaluated the heat stress response pattern of dual-purpose Guzerá cattle for test-day (TD) milk yield records of first lactation and estimated genetic parameters and trends related to heat stress. A total of 31,435 TD records from 4,486 first lactations of Guzerá cows, collected between 1986 and 2012, were analysed. Two random regression models considered days in milk (DIM) and/or temperature × humidity-dependent (THI) covariate. Impacts of −0.037, −0.019 and −0.006 kg/day/THI for initial and intermediate stages of lactation were observed when considering the mean maximum daily temperature and humidity to calculate THI. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.16 to 0.35 throughout lactation and THI values, suggesting the possibility to expect gains from selection for such trait. The variable trajectory of breeding values for dual-purpose Guzerá sires in response to changes in THI values confirms that the genotype × environment interaction due to heat stress can have some effect on TD milk yield. Despite the high dairy performance of Guzerá cattle under heat stress, estimated genetic trends showed a progressive reduction in heat tolerance. Therefore, new strategies should be adopted to prevent negative impacts of heat stress over milk production in Guzerá animals in future.     

香菇多糖和黄芪多糖对马立克氏病强毒感染雏鸡白细胞介素2活性和淋巴细胞增殖反应的影响

１日龄ＡＡ肉用雏鸡以马立克氏病强毒（ｖＭＤＶ）人工感染后,马立克氏病（ＭＤ）发病率３３．７５％,死亡率１１．２５％。同健康雏鸡相比,ＩＬ－２诱生活性和Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖反应降低（Ｐ＞０．０５）和显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ｖＭＤＶ感染雏鸡注射香菇多糖和黄芪多糖,ＭＤ发病率分别为２０％、１７．５％,死亡率分别为７．５％、５％。同感染组相比,感染／香菇组和感染／黄芪组的ＩＬ－２诱生活性和Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖反应均升高（Ｐ＞０．０５）和显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

SPONTANEOUS RESOLUTION OF A PSEUDOANEURYSM IN A HORSE FOLLOWING ANGIOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS

Angiography in a horse was used to confirm a pseudoaneurysm of the dorsal metatarsal artery originating from trauma. Gradual clinical resolution of the pseudoaneurysm occurred within days following the procedure. A follow-up angiogram confirmed the clinical impression. An etiology of the spontaneous resolution is presented. Probable influences included technical factors of the injection procedure that caused prolonged presence of the contrast medium within the aneurysmal sac and factors that enhance thrombus formation during angiography.     

4株NDV分离株F基因的克隆与序列分析

对4 株具有一定代表性的NDV(新城疫病毒)分离株的F基因进行RT PCR(反转录聚合酶链反应)扩增和序列分析,根据基因裂解位点的氨基酸序列推测,其中1 株属于弱毒株,3 株属于强毒株;核苷酸序列及其推导的氨基酸序列比较结果表明,3株强毒株与Clone30 基因核苷酸序列的同源性在83.6%~84.0%之间,与F48 E9典型NDV强毒株同源性在86.5.6%~88.3%之间,推导的氨基酸序列同源性与Clone 30 株在85.9%~87.0%之间,与F48E9典型NDV强毒株在89.1%~91.3%之间;利用MegAlign软件绘制了NDV 的系统发育进化树,结果表明, 3株分离强毒株为Ⅶ基因型,弱毒株为基因Ⅱ型。