随着水产动物集约化养殖的迅猛发展,水质污染问题日益加剧,环境中亚硝酸盐的含量不断上升,成为水产养殖中诱发爆发性疾病的重要环境因子。为探讨亚硝酸盐对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)血细胞的毒性以及 p53 mRNA 的影响,通过预试验以及前期资料获取亚硝酸盐对凡纳滨对虾的毒性效应,选取0 mg/L 对照组和20 mg/L 浓度组,用流式细胞术检测血细胞活性氧(ROS)、一氧化氮(NO)含量和非特异性酯酶活性,运用荧光定量 PCR 技术检测 p53基因表达量变化。结果显示,在亚硝酸盐应激12 h 后,对虾血细胞的 NO 含量与对照组相比有显著升高(P <0.05),在应激24、48、72 h 后有极显著的升高(P <0.01);ROS 含量在应激12、48、72 h 时有极显著升高(P <0.01),在应激24 h 时与对照组相比有显著的升高(P <0.05)。非特异性酯酶活性在应激24、48、72 h 显著下降(P <0.05),p53的表达水平在应激48 h 和72 h 后显著升高(P <0.05)。研究表明,亚硝酸盐应激诱导对虾血细胞产生了过量的 NO 和 ROS,造成氧化胁迫作用,诱导凋亡相关基因的表达,最终导致细胞凋亡。 相似文献
This study evaluated the influence of dietary supplementation with freeze‐dried powder of Ampithoe sp. (FDPA) on the growth, energy metabolism, and resistance to ammonia‐nitrogen stress in Litopenaeus vannamei. There were four treatment groups: a 0% group (no FDPA addition), a 33% group, a 66% group (33% and 66% of the shrimp diet, respectively, replaced with FDPA), and a 100% group (only FDPA). The results of this study suggested a positive effect of FDPA supplementation on shrimp survival: the supplemented groups had significantly higher survival than the 0% group (p < 0.05). The body length, body weight, and specific growth rate (SGR) of the 33% group were higher than those of the other groups and were significantly higher than that of the 100% group (p < 0.05). FDPA feeding had a negative effect on carbohydrate metabolism pathways and energy consumption due to decreases in pyruvate kinase (PK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and respiratory electron transport system (ETS) activity in shrimp fed FDPA during the culture period. The shrimp in the 33% group exhibited good resistance to ammonia‐nitrogen stress. Additionally, the glycolysis pathway and energy consumption of shrimp in the 33% group were enhanced during the ammonia‐nitrogen stress period. Consequently, it was inferred that FDPA supplementation could improve the resistance of shrimp to ammonia‐nitrogen stress (in the 33% group), which might be related to the effects of the supplement on energy metabolism pathways, particularly in terms of enhancing glycolysis to provide sufficient energy for the stress response. 相似文献
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of mixed Bacillus on growth, water quality and disease resistance against Vibrio harveyi in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Postlarval shrimp (PL30) were fed with (a) a basal diet (the control), (b) a diet containing mixed freeze‐dried Bacillus probiotics (FB) and (c) addition of mixed microencapsulated Bacillus probiotics (MB) in culture water. Addition of FB and MB probiotics improved (p < .05) growth, feed efficiency, survival and culture water quality (ammonia and nitrite) compared to the control group although there was no difference (p > .05) between the two treated groups. Bacillus numbers in gastrointestinal tracts and culture water of FB‐ and MB‐administrated shrimp were higher (p < .05) than in the control. After a 30‐day culture, shrimp were infected with V. harveyi and monitored for 10 days. A significant reduction (p < .05) in cumulative mortality was observed in FB‐ and MB‐supplemented shrimp (43.24% and 45.05%, respectively), compared to the control (63.06%). This finding demonstrated that administration of microencapsulated probiotics was as effective as freeze‐dried probiotics for improving growth, feed efficiency, survival, Bacillus in gastrointestinal tracts, water quality (ammonia and nitrite) and conferring disease resistance to V. harveyi. 相似文献