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301.
Recruitment of sympatric vendace (Coregonus albula) and whitefish (C. lavaretus) is affected by different environmental factors 下载免费PDF全文
Vendace and whitefish in Lake Osensjøen (boreal south‐east Norway) were studied by means of gillnet test fishing (1976–2013) and hydro acoustic acquisition (1986–2011). Vendace increased in number between 1998 and 2009 while growth and size at maturity decreased. The relative density of whitefish decreased in the pelagic habitat, whereas growth and size remained the same. Both species exhibited varying year‐class strength. Whereas strong year‐classes of both species became less frequent after 1980 than before this, this seemed to change after 2000, especially for vendace. Generalised additive models suggested a strong positive relationship between July/August mean air temperature and year‐class strength of both vendace and whitefish. Whitefish recruitment was also negatively affected by the new regulation regime implemented since 1981, and positively correlated with water level after hatching and by late ice off. The reason for the diverging impacts of environmental factors on the two species may be that vendace spawn in deeper waters that whitefish do. The results indicate that increasing summer temperatures benefit recruitment of both species, whereas low water level and early ice off will harm whitefish recruitment. Both trends are caused by climate warming. It may be speculated that increased density of the specialised plankton feeding vendace may affect the algal community through increased predation on herbivorous zooplankton and potentially affect the trophic state of the lake. 相似文献
302.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(5):795-805
Abstract The method described here is useful for the quick determination of soil moisture, especially when many determinations are to be made at a time. The only pieces of apparatus required are some wide‐mouthed conical flasks, a few pieces of glass rod and a balance. The principle involves recording the weight of the flask filled with water and soil sample of known weight (A). This flask weight (H), and the predetermined soil particle density (Dp) and weight of the water‐filled flask (G) are then used to calculate moisture percentage (MP) in the soil sample from the formula: The method was compared with conventional oven‐drying technique for a wide range of soil textures, moisture contents and other contrasting soil properties. The results obtained showed that the accuracy, precision and simplicity of the method are good, particularly for rapid practical uses. 相似文献
303.
大豆新品种中黄30种植密度试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了探索大豆新品种中黄30在承德地区的最佳种植密度,试验采用回归设计法,设种植密度18.0万、22.5万、27.0万、33.8万、36.0万和45.0万株/hm 2计6个处理,对不同种植密度下的大豆病虫害发生情况和产量进行了分析;并对其种植密度与产量的关系进行了回归分析,建立了回归方程。结果表明:在试验设定的密度范围内,随着种植密度的增大,大豆虫食率、褐斑病率和紫斑病率均呈先降低后升高的变化趋势,其中密度为22.5万株/hm 2时,3种病虫害的发生率均最低,分别为0.4%、0.5%和0.1%;大豆产量呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,产量与种植密度的二次回归方程为 Y =-2731.4259+358.9022 X-5.0335X 2。本研究条件下,密度为33.8万株/hm 2时大豆产量最高,为3801.667 kg/hm 2。 相似文献
304.
Independent and combined effects of stocking density and algal concentration on the survival, growth and metamorphosis of the Bobu Ivory shell Babylonia formosae habei larvae were assessed using a 5 × 5 factorial design with densities of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.50 larvae mL−1 and algal concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 × 104 cells mL−1 in the laboratory. Larval growth, survival and metamorphosis were significantly affected by both the independent effects of stocking density and algal concentration and by their interaction. The highest per cent survival (72.5%) and metamorphosis (49.5%), fastest growth (41.57 μm day−1) and shortest time to initial metamorphosis (10 days) all occurred at the lowest stocking density and the highest algal concentration. Both crowding and food limitation had independently negative impacts on the survival, growth and metamorphosis of larvae, and these negative impacts were further strengthened by the interaction of a higher stocking density and a lower algal concentration. Moreover, the results suggest that stocking density and algal concentration obviously played different roles in determining larval survival and growth. To maximize survival and growth, B. formosae habei larvae should be reared at a lower stoking density of 0.25 larvae mL−1 and fed a higher algal concentration of 25 × 104 cells mL−1 in large-scale hatchery seed culture. 相似文献
305.
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307.
现代涡轮叶片是弯曲、扭转、变截面复杂流线型面,一般无法解析表达,为满足叶片型面数控加工要求,针对给定若干叶片截面上型值点的情况,采用节点号参数化双三次B样条插值曲面对完整弯扭叶片进行三维造型,并提出考察造型型值点网格密度是否满足加工精度要求的判断准则,实际加工证明,此算法简洁,稳定,适合涡轮叶片加工的工程需要。 相似文献
308.
种瓣及密度对大蒜产量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用二次正交通用旋转设计,进行了种辩大小与种植密度对大蒜产量影响的研究,建立了大蒜产量与种植密度及种瓣大小间的二元二次数学模型。通过模型解析得出,种植密度对产量的影响大于种瓣大小,但密度对单株产量的贡献为负值。通过计算机模拟试验,得出本试验条件下,获得30000kg/hm2以上产量的种植密度为52.95~63.45万株/hm2、种瓣大小为4.9~7.0g;;单株产量大于50g的种植密度为34.05~4.55万株/hm2、种瓣大小4.9~7.0g。 相似文献
309.
设计了一种基于计算承雨器四周各1m范围内树冠郁闭度,进而通过一次降雨试验可观测到不同郁闭度级林冠截留降雨量的方法,解决了以往林冠截留降雨量测试中林冠疏密和树冠间隙分布不均引起的测量结果误差较大的难题。 相似文献
310.
The morphological basis of resistance to the whiteflyBemisia tabaci Genn. (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) was studied. The plant characters examined were leaf area, thickness of leaf lamina, hair
density, hair length, angle of insertion of leaf hair, and density of gossypol glands. Hair density and leaf thickness were
positively correlated with the population ofB. tabaci, and a positive correlation was obtained between the adult whitefly population and gossypol glands on stem internodes. Cotton
genotype USA-22 (sparsely hairy) was found to be more tolerant toB. tabaci than was genotype USA-13 (velvety hairy). The use of thinner and glabrous leaved cotton varieties is suggested to minimize
the whitefly menace in cotton. 相似文献