Analysis of light absorption and photosynthetic activity by Isochrysis galbana under different light qualities

The effect of light qualities, for example white light (WL), blue light (BL), red light (RL) and green light (GL), respectively, provided by the LEDs on the growth, pigment content, light absorption and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Isochrysis galbana strain IOAC724S was measured. The growth rate of algae exposed to GL was not significantly different from that of WL, but was significantly higher than that of blue light (BL) or red light (RL). These four light colours were all efficiently absorbed by algal cells, with an absorption rate up to 92%–93%. The light absorbed by pigments contributes only part of the light absorbed by cells, ranging from 8.3% (at RL) to 59.7% (at BL). Among the monochromatic light, the highest light absorption was obtained in cells cultivated at BL, but the photochemical reaction was lowered. No positive effect of monochromatic RL was found. Cells cultivated at BL and RL were, respectively, restricted by down‐regulated photosynthetic efficiency and sufficient light absorption; meanwhile, GL showed a dramatic increase in photosynthetic efficiency, associated with a light absorption close to that for cells exposed to WL (both at 30.6%), suggesting that GL promotes the photosynthesis of I. galbana by balancing the light absorption and utilization.     

Complementary Analytical Platforms of NMR Spectroscopy and LCMS Analysis in the Metabolite Profiling of Isochrysis galbana

This study was designed to profile the metabolites of Isochrysis galbana, an indigenous and less explored microalgae species. ¹H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) were used to establish the metabolite profiles of five different extracts of this microalga, which are hexane (Hex), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), absolute ethanol (EtOH), EtOH:water 1:1 (AqE), and 100% water (Aq). Partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS–DA) of the generated profiles revealed that EtOAc and Aq extracts contain a diverse range of metabolites as compared to the other extracts with a total of twenty-one metabolites, comprising carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and amino acids, that were putatively identified from the NMR spectra. Meanwhile, thirty-two metabolites were successfully annotated from the LCMS/MS data, ten of which (palmitic acid, oleic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidic acid, cholesterol, DHA, DPA, fucoxanthin, astaxanthin, and pheophytin) were similar to those present in the NMR profile. Another eleven glycerophospholipids were discovered using MS/MS-based molecular network (MN) platform. The results of this study, besides providing a better understanding of I. galbana’s chemical make-up, will be of importance in exploring this species potential as a feed ingredient in the aquaculture industry.     

海水净化过程中球等鞭金藻对硬壳蛤风味品质的影响

为了探究微藻在贝类净化中的作用,以及净化处理对贝类风味成分的影响,本研究以球等鞭金藻作为净化贝类的食物来源,通过多元统计及判别分析,对比添加球等鞭金藻净化前后贝肉挥发性成分的变化.结果表明,净化后贝类中绝大多数特征性风味成分含量增加,如醛、醇、酯、酮类化合物;其中含量增加最明显的风味成分是具有黄油、肉香的酮类;而部分具...     

激光辐射对两种饵料单胞藻的活化与复壮作用

单细胞藻类是鱼、虾、贝类等苗种生产的基础性活饵料,随着水产养殖业的快速发展,高产优质饵料藻种的选育已成为规模化人工育苗过程的关键性环节。目前,在微藻生物饵料的生产过程中,藻种常因种质衰退而出现生长缓慢,产量降低,抗逆性减弱等问题,因而造成饵料供应的严重不足。而应用传统方法进行藻种复壮或重新选育优良藻株的周期比较长且需要花费大量的人力。[第一段]     

温度和光照对微藻的生长,总脂肪含量及脂肪酸组成的影响

用温度梯度法、二因子重复试验法分别研究温度、光照周期和光照强度对绿色巴夫藻的生长、总脂肪含量以及脂肪酸组成的影响,用正交试验法研究以上三因子对等鞭藻3011的影响。结果表明,温度20℃、光照强度120．19μmol／（m2·s）、光照周期L：D＝16：8最适于等鞭藻3011的生长及脂肪和PUFA的合成。绿色巴夫藻适宜在15～30℃内生长,但在20℃、9615μmol／（m2·S）及L：D＝18:6的条件下,能促使它较快生长且能合成较多的脂肪和必需脂肪酸。两种微藻ω3／ω6显著性地受到环境因子的综合影响。     

球等鞭金藻OA-3011积累脂肪酸的条件研究

以球等鞭金藻OA-3011培养液的细胞密度和脂肪酸含量为评价指标,利用均匀设计确定了硝酸钠和磷酸二氢钾的用量;选择影响球等鞭金藻积累脂肪酸的4个因素进行3水平的正交试验,确定其积累脂肪酸的最优条件。结果表明,海水培养基中硝酸钠的适宜浓度为75 mg/L,磷酸二氢钾的适宜浓度为8 mg/L;球等鞭金藻OA-3011的最佳培养条件为：盐度30‰,pH值7.5,接种量90×104个/ml,培养温度25℃,此条件下培养液中脂肪酸含量可达48 mg/L。     

富油金藻CCMM5001培养条件优化研究

[目的]研究培养富油金藻（Isochrysis sp.）CCMM5001的优化条件。[方法]以富油金藻CCMM5001为试材,采用挑单胞法和划线法对藻种进行纯化,并采用一次性培养方法,选用3种培养基（f/2、SBM和provasoli）,分别设置3种单一因子试验：温度梯度为20、24、28℃和光照强度梯度为3 480、5 450、8 460 lx以及培养瓶中藻细胞初始密度分别是OD630为0.2、0.3、0.4,研究不同培养基、光照强度、温度以及接种密度对金藻CCMM5001生长的影响,确定培养富油金藻CCMM5001的优化条件。[结果]3种培养基优化试验中,f/2培养基较适合金藻CCMM5001的生长,其生物量指标具有显著优势。单因子试验表明,培养富油金藻CCMM5001的最适光照强度为5 450lx,最适温度为24℃,藻液的最佳接种密度OD为0.3。[结论]该研究为富油金藻CCMM5001的开发与利用提供科学依据。     

湛江等鞭金藻藻际细菌群落与其耐高温关系分析

为解析湛江等鞭金藻(Isochrysis zhangjiangensis)野生藻株(IZ)与常压室温等离子体技术诱变获得的耐高温诱变藻株(IM)藻际细菌群落与耐高温能力的关联性,本研究采用16S rDNA扩增子测序方法对两株藻在25℃和35℃下细菌群落多样性进行分析。ACE和Chao1指数分析表明,25℃下培养两株藻的细菌群落组成无显著差异,但35℃下IM组(IM35L)中细菌群落多样性显著高于IZ组(IZ35L)。无度量多维标定法(NMDS)分析表明,25℃下IM组(IM25L)和IZ组(IZ25L)的藻际细菌群落较为相似,而35℃下两者的藻际细菌群落差异明显。另外,IM25L、IZ25L和IZ35L组中丰度前三的属均一致,但IM35L组中噬冷菌属(Algoriphagus)细菌相对丰度明显提升。MetaStat分析发现,变形菌门红螺菌目细菌阿尔法变形菌DG1252(Alpha proteobacterium DG1252)在25℃下IZ组和IM组的丰度无明显差异,但在35℃下IM组的丰度显著高于IZ组。因此,湛江等鞭金藻耐高温能力与其藻际细菌多样性存在关联,其中噬冷菌属细菌和阿尔法变形菌DG1252可能与IM的耐高温性状密切相关。本研究为深入探究湛江等鞭金藻高温抗逆性与藻际细菌之间的联系奠定了基础,有助于夏季高温条件下贝类饵料微藻的培育和扩繁。     

Do strain differences in microalgae alter their relative quality as a food for the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis?

Brachionus plicatilis is used in aquaculture to feed larval fish and crustaceans. It is well established that different prey species alter rotifer productivity. Isochrysis galbana is one microalgal prey that is commonly fed to rotifers, and there are several strains of this flagellate available to aquaculturists. As microalgae strains may differ in their composition and growth attributes, we rigorously examined if growth and biochemical differences in I. galbana strains elicit differences in the growth and biochemical attributes of B. plicatilis. Four I. galbana strains and one strain of the flagellate Nanochloropsis were grown under standard conditions. Growth rate, cell volume, production, and composition (dry weight, carbohydrate, protein, lipid) were measured. Significant differences occurred between strains in all of these attributes (at times 2 to 3 fold), but no clear pattern emerged that one strain was superior. Of note was that for some measurements, strain differences were significantly greater than differences between species. The strains were then fed to rotifers, and a number of parameters were measured: growth rate, reproductive rate, fecundity attributes, a number of developmental rates, and composition (dry weight, carbohydrate, protein, lipid). There were significant effects of prey strain on some of these attributes, but none was dramatic (rarely more than 10% and occasionally up to 30%), suggesting that aquaculturists need not be too concerned regarding which I. galbana strain they use. However, we do indicate subtle differences, induced by different prey strains and suggest that for maximum productivity these differences should be considered.     

室内袋式和管道式光生物反应器对湛江等鞭金藻生长及生化组分的比较分析

为探索湛江等鞭金藻室内大规模培养的可行性,分析比较了在管道式光生物反应器和聚乙烯袋培养模式下,湛江等鞭金藻生长密度、比生长速率、叶绿素含量及有机物含量的变化情况。试验将接种藻密度控制在10.0×10⁴ cells/mL,培养周期为16 d。结果显示,在管道式光生物反应器培养模式下,藻密度可达1.97×10⁶ cells/mL,显著高于聚乙烯袋培养模式下的藻密度（0.99×10⁶ cells/mL）(P<0.05);两种模式下,湛江等鞭金藻的比生长速率分别达到0.396 7、0.327 5/d;管道式光生物反应器模式下,叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、最高总蛋白、最大可溶性糖的质量浓度分别为0.46、0.44、0.92、107.267 7、9.587 8 mg/L,最大生物量（干质量）为0.160 1 g/L,聚乙烯袋培养模式下,叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、最高总蛋白、最大可溶性糖的质量浓度分别为0.26、0.26、0.52、62.564 5、5.559 1 mg/L,最大生物量（干质量）为0.098 6 g/L,管...