增效消毒剂制备及其消毒效果研究

制得一种含碘增效消毒剂。组成为碘0.3-1.0％，表面活性剂2-5％，增效剂0.3-1.0％，冰醋酸0.1-0.2％。制备时加热温度为70-80℃，加热时间40-50分钟。研究了影响稳定性、有效碘浓度等的因素。对枯草杆菌芽胞有杀灭作用，3000PPm，作用120分钟，杀灭率100％。本论文制得消毒剂成本低，杀灭率高，具有实用意义。     

蛋鸡日粮碘和硒水平的调控对碘和硒向蛋转运的影响

将30羽278日龄罗曼蛋鸡随机分成3组,以日粮含Ⅰ 0．5 mg·kg 1、含Se 0．2 mg·kg 1(对照组)、含Ⅰ 50 mg·kg 1、含Se 1．2 mg·kg 1(试验Ⅰ组)、含Ⅰ 100mg·kg 1、含S32.2 mg·kg 1(试验Ⅱ组)饲喂 8周,观察蛋碘和硒含量的变化。结果表明,与对照组比较,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组蛋黄碘含量分别提高10．81倍和 13．37倍;蛋黄硒提高3．51倍和6．34倍;蛋白碘和硒含量均有显著增加;并伴有血浆碘和硒含量的同步上升。这些结果提示,通过日粮碘和硒水平的调控可大幅度提高蛋中碘和硒含量,产蛋母鸡是日粮中碘和硒向蛋中转运的良好载体。     

The tumor-seeking specificity of [125I]-(A14)-insulin in human hepatoma bearing nude mice

AIM: To observe tumor-seeking specificity of [¹²⁵I]-(A14)-insulin in human hepatoma bearing nude mice. METHODS: The in vivo tissue distribution and inhibition studies of [¹²⁵I]-(A14)-insulin in human hepatoma bearing nude mice were performed. RESULTS: In the tissue distribution study, a significant accumulation of [¹²⁵I]-(A14)-insulin was observed in the tumor site of nude mice. The tumor/blood and tumor/muscle radioactive ratio gradually increased with lengthening time following injection of [¹²⁵I]-(A14)-insulin. The inhibition ratio in the tumor tissue of nude mice in the inhibition study was 35.0%. CONCLUSION: There is a specific uptake of [¹²⁵I]-(A14)-insulin through receptor-mediated process in the hepatoma tissue of nude mice.     

Effect of a Limited Iodine Diet on Iodine Uptake by Thyroid Glands in Hyperthyroid Cats

Background

The effect of feeding a limited iodine diet on radioactive iodine uptake in the thyroid glands of hyperthyroid cats is unknown.

Objectives

To determine how feeding limited dietary iodine affects radioactive iodine uptake by the thyroid glands of hyperthyroid cats.

Animals

Eight geriatric cats with spontaneous hyperthyroidism.

Methods

Prospective study of eight client owned hyperthyroid cats fed a commercially available iodine limited diet for 6 months. Clinical signs were evaluated and TT4 and fT4 were measured during consumption of the diet. Uptake of ¹²³I was determined before and 8–16 weeks after exclusive consumption of the diet.

Results

Clinical signs of hyperthyroidism resolved in all cats, but there was no significant increase in body weight. TT4 and fT4 decreased into the reference range by 8–16 weeks in all cats. Mean TT4 before consumption of the diet was 9.7 μg/dL (SD 5.2) and after consumption of the diet was 3.1 μg/dL (SD 0.9). Scintigraphy revealed unilateral uptake of isotope in 5 cats and bilateral uptake in 3 cats. Mean percentage uptake of ¹²³I by the thyroid gland at 8 hours after isotope administration was 16.2 (SD 11.8) before diet consumption and 34.6 (SD 11.7) 8–16 weeks after exclusive consumption of the diet. The percentage increase was variable between cats (38–639%).

Conclusions and clinical importance

Limited iodine diets increase iodine uptake in the autonomous thyroid glands of hyperthyroid cats. Further studies are necessary to determine if consumption of a limited iodine diet changes sensitivity of the thyroid gland to ¹³¹I treatment.     

猪碘缺乏病(地方性甲状腺肿)的病理学研究

 本研究应用病理组织学方法,对55例缺碘地区猪的甲状腺组织进行研究,检出率为75%～100%,病理学表现为甲状腺上皮组织广泛、弥漫性增生、肥大和新腺泡的形成,显示碘的吸收不足.上皮细胞的反复增生、胶质储积,后期发生结节性甲状腺肿.甲状腺上皮弥漫性增生、肥大和新腺泡形成引起甲状腺肿大,而后期的结节性甲状腺肿则引起腺体不规则的缩小和表面的凸凹不平.     

Use of Iodized Versus Non-iodized Sodium Chloride in Therapeutic Dips and Baths for Freshwater Fish

Salt (NaCl) is a common therapeutant in fish culture. The use of salt containing iodine may be harmful to fish. The goal of this study was to determine if using iodized saltfor dips and baths increases morbidity/mortality of fish and establishes the LC₅₀ of iodine for three commercially important species: koi, Cyprinus carpi; guppy, Poecilia reticulata; and Jack Dempsey, Rocio octofasciata. Fish were exposedto a salt bath (4 g/L) or a salt dip (25 g/L) using either iodized or non-iodized salt and observed for clinical signs of iodine toxicity or death. For the LC₅₀ trials, one fish of each species was exposed to a range of iodine concentrations for a period of 24 h. There were no significant differences in mortality between fish treated with iodized vs. non-iodized salt. The use of iodized salt for baths and dips appears to be safe in the three species tested. LC₅₀ of iodine in these species appears to be greater than 1.4 mg/L.     

氯胺T-四碱分光光度法测定土壤中微量碘

优化了氯胺T-四碱催化分光光度法测定土壤中微量碘的试验条件：比色时间25S、醋酸加入量4ml、四碱加入量5ml、氯胺T加入量2ml（1．2g／L）。并对国家一级标准物质（GBW07401、GBW07403、GBW07d05）进行分析,结果证明其测定值与推荐值吻合,检出限为0．16μg/g,方法相对标准偏差小于8％。且该法较Fe^3＋．SCN^-．NO2^-体系测定微量碘更为简便快速,更利于微量碘的批量测定。     

纳米硒、碘对免疫接种蛋鸡产蛋性能的影响

选取168只45周龄未接种大肠杆菌疫苗、体重及产蛋率相近的商品代尼克珊瑚粉产蛋鸡,研究了日粮中添加纳米硒、碘对免疫接种应激状态下蛋鸡产蛋性能的影响.采用均匀试验设计方法,设7个处理(包含一个基础对照组,一个疫苗对照组,除基础对照组外各组均接种大肠杆菌疫苗),每个处理4个重复,每个重复6只鸡,所用抗原为大肠杆菌为K88、K99、987p标准菌株.结果表明:接种疫苗显著降低蛋鸡产蛋性能(P<0.05).在本试验的剂量范围内,日粮添加纳米硒和碘影响免疫接种应激蛋鸡的产蛋性能:随着碘添加量增加,产蛋性能有提高的趋势;随着纳米硒添加量增加,产蛋性能有下降的趋势;但纳米硒添加量增加引起的产蛋性能的降低随着碘添加量的增加而减缓或消除.通过回归分析得到,纳米硒、碘的添加量分别为0.45和4 mg/kg时,获得最佳产蛋性能:产蛋率为91.04 %,比空白对照组提高了1.48 %(P>0.05),比疫苗对照组提高26.25 %(P<0.05);料蛋比为2.16,比空白对照组降低了6.43 %,比疫苗对照组降低了19.35 %.     

新型复合消毒剂——癸甲丙二醇氯铵复合碘实验室抗病毒试验

通过对新型复合消毒剂——癸甲丙二醇氯铵复合碘抗病毒效果的定量试验和定性试验,结果表明,癸甲丙二醇氯铵复合碘（含碘50g／L）按1：500稀释,对猪瘟兔化弱毒和鸡新城疫病毒的灭活率均为100％,对新城疫病毒10min即达到完全灭活作用;按1：1000稀释对猪瘟兔化弱毒、鸡新城疫病毒及牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）的灭活率分别为99％、100％和100％,而1：1000稀释的聚维酮碘（含碘50g／L）对照灭活率为90％,癸甲丙二醇氯铵复合碘的抗病毒效果好于聚维酮碘。     

The influence of iodine teat dipping and an external teat sealant in heifers on bacterial isolation from quarter milk culture obtained post-calving

A longitudinal observational 2 year field study including 178 dairy herds was conducted in Norway. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of iodine post milking teat dipping (PMTD) and an external teat sealant (ETS) in first calvers (heifers) on bacterial isolation from milk culture post-calving. Every heifer was either sampled in connection with a clinical mastitis (CM) event at calving or otherwise approximately 6 days post-calving. Milk culture results were available from 3218 individual heifers and 12,872 quarter milk samples. Separate multivariable logistic regression models were used for each bacterium. Neither use of PMTD nor ETS did decrease the risk of bacterial isolation post-calving. However, if iodine PMTD had been used, there was an increased risk of clinical mastitis (Odd ratio (OR) = 1.6 (0.9–2.7)) and an increased risk of isolation of coagulase negative staphylococci OR = 1.5 (1.0–2.1). If ETS had been used, there was an increased risk of isolation of coliform bacteria (coliform and Escherichia coli) (OR = 2.9 (1.2–7.3)). There was significantly less Streptococcus dysgalactiae during the summer and autumn compared to the winter and spring. There was a significant herd effect for Streptococcus uberis and for coliforms with an OR = 5.1 (2.1–12) and 4.5 (2.7–7.6) respectively.