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341.
该研究以史氏鲟(Acipenser schrenckii)幼鱼为实验对象,在实验室内营造了0.01 mg·L^?1(对照组)、0.50 mg·L^?1(低浓度组)、1.00 mg·L^?1(中浓度组)、2.00 mg·L^?1(中高浓度组)和4.00 mg·L^?1(高浓度组)5个氨氮浓度组,对史氏鲟胁迫养殖60 d后取样测定其生长、抗氧化和免疫功能的相关指标,初步揭示史氏鲟幼鱼对慢性氨氮胁迫的生理响应。结果显示,随氨氮浓度升高,史氏鲟幼鱼的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、脏体比(VSI)和肝体比(HSI)均显著下降(P<0.05),但肥满度(CF)无显著变化。在抗氧化指标中,随着氨氮浓度的增加,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)活性和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量呈下降趋势,丙二醛(MDA)含量呈上升趋势。免疫指标中,肝脏溶菌酶(LZM)活性和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量受氨氮胁迫影响显著(P<0.05)。结果表明,慢性氨氮胁迫显著抑制了史氏鲟幼鱼的生长,降低了鱼体的抗氧化能力和免疫能力。建议在史氏鲟实际养殖过程中,养殖水体中氨氮质量浓度应控制在≤0.5 mg·L^?1,以避免其对史氏鲟造成损伤。 相似文献
342.
X.F. Kong G.Y. Wu Y.P. Liao Z.P. Hou H.J. Liu F.G. Yin T.J. Li R.L. Huang Y.M. Zhang D. Deng M.Y. Xie Z.Y. Deng H. Xiong Z. Ruan P. Kang C.B. Yang Y.L. Yin M.Z. Fan 《Livestock Science》2007,108(1-3):94-98
This study was conducted to determine effects of dietary supplementation with a Chinese herbal ultra-fine (CHU) powder on cellular and humoral immunity in early-weaned piglets. Sixty piglets weaned at 21 days of age were randomly assigned to one of 3 treatment groups representing supplementation with 0 or 2 g/kg of the powder, or 0.2 g/kg of colistin (an antibiotic) to maize- and soybean meal-based diets (n = 20). On days 7, 14 and 28 after initiation of the treatment, lymphocyte proliferating activity and serum levels of antibodies and cytokines were measured. Results indicated that the powder enhanced (P < 0.05) serum concentrations of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF- on days 7 and 28, and of IgG and IgM on day 28, as well as the proliferating activity of blood lymphocytes in vivo on all days relative to the none additive group. Addition of the powder (7.82 to 31.25 mg/ml) to culture medium in vitro also increased (P < 0.05) the proliferating activity of blood lymphocytes compared with the none additive group. These findings indicate a beneficial effect of the CHU powder on cellular and humoral immune responses in piglets. 相似文献
343.
[目的]通过检测蛋鸡产蛋性能和抗体水平,以探讨芝芪菌素对蛋鸡生产性能的影响。[方法]将140日龄罗曼商品代褐壳蛋鸡1200只随机分为4组,分别在蛋鸡日粮中添加0、0.2%、0.35%、0.5%的芝芪菌素,研究芝芪菌素对罗曼商品代褐壳蛋鸡产蛋性能和免疫力的影响。[结果]0.5%芝芪菌素处理组罗曼商品代褐壳蛋鸡的总产蛋数比对照组提高了2个。0.2%、0.35%和0.5%芝芪菌素处理组1~8月总蛋重分别比对照组提高了0.01%、1.82%和1.25%。添加芝芪菌素对罗曼商品代褐壳蛋鸡的产蛋率、耗料量和料蛋比都有一定程度的影响,但不同处理之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。饲喂芝芪菌素后,鸡血清禽流感-H5抗体都有一定程度的变化,其中40周0.5%芝芪菌素处理组比对照组提高了2.8个滴度。[结论]在蛋鸡日粮中添加一定比例的芝芪菌素可显著提高蛋鸡的产蛋性能和免疫功能,说明芝芪菌素可作为一种优良的蛋鸡饲料添加剂。 相似文献
344.
在饲料或饵料中添加适量的大蒜素,具有健胃、杀菌、止痢,止咳等多种药用功能,同时可增加采食量、促进生长、提高饲料利用率、增强免疫力、改善肉质等功能。 相似文献
345.
《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(8)
本研究旨在比较肉仔鸡在正常生理及脂多糖(LPS)攻毒条件下,在日粮中添加不同剂量和不同来源的化合物锌对肉仔鸡免疫的调节作用。试验一选用420只1日龄AA肉仔鸡公雏,随机分为对照组、3个硫酸锌处理组和3个甘氨酸锌处理组,共7个处理,每组6个重复,锌元素水平均为30、60、90 mg/kg,试验期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,30 mg/kg硫酸锌组和30 mg/kg甘氨酸锌组肉鸡的胸腺指数显著提高;相对硫酸锌,甘氨酸锌提高了外周血T、B淋巴细胞转化率(P<0.05),其中60 mg/kg甘氨酸锌组的转化率最高。试验二随机选用336只1日龄AA肉仔鸡公雏,分为完全空白对照组、生理盐水对照组、攻毒对照组、2个硫酸锌+LPS攻毒组和2个甘氨酸锌+LPS攻毒组共7个处理,每组6个重复,锌元素水平均为30、90 mg/kg,试验期42 d。结果表明:日粮中添加30 mg/kg甘酸锌可缓解LPS刺激8 h后胸腺指数的下降(P<0.05);最后一次LPS刺激8 h后,甘氨酸锌组脾脏和空肠IL-8基因表达均低于硫酸锌组(P<0.05),90 mg/kg锌添加组空肠IL-1β和IL-8的表达量均低于30 mg/kg锌添加组(P<0.05)。综上,甘氨酸锌调节肉鸡免疫和缓解炎症反应的功效高于硫酸锌。 相似文献
346.
Z. Kankova A. Drozdova Z. Klobetzova M. Lichovnikova M. Zeman 《British poultry science》2019,60(6):700-707
ABSTRACT1. Selection strategies for broilers must balance rapid growth with the welfare and health of animals, strategies must deal with the trade-off with other vital functions.2. Divergent selection of Japanese quail for high (HG) and low (LG) relative body weight gain between 11 and 28 days of age has been conducted to accelerate linear phase growth without influencing the final adult body weight. Higher body growth rate is often connected with a weakened immune system. Therefore, the present study explored the immunological characterisation of quail from HG and LG lines, which differ substantially in their growth rate.3. The trial evaluated the maternal investment to immunologically active substances, cell-mediated immunity stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) injection and the acute phase of the immune response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration in three different phases of early postnatal growth.4. Except for higher lysozyme activity in the LG group when compared to the HG line, the maternal investment did not differ between the two lines. Plasma antibody concentrations responded quickly to any change in growth rate in both lines. Overall, it seems that initial rapid growth of the LG line had long-lasting effects on immune responsiveness, even after the growth rate of the HG line escalated during the linear phase of growth.5. The study indicated that changes in the growth rate caused by the selection for growth in meat-type Japanese quail can influence the acute phase of the immune response and development of the immune system. 相似文献
347.
Harsha Haridas Ajit Kumar Verma Gaurav Rathore Chandra Prakash Paramita Banerjee Sawant Asanaru Majeedkutty Babitha Rani 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(8):4346-4355
An experimental trial was conducted for 90 days to evaluate the growth performance, immunophysiological response of GIFT strain of Tilapia in biofloc‐based rearing system and to assess the relative percentage survival in 3 days after challenging with the virulent strain of Aeromonas hydrophila. Fingerlings with an average body weight 0.98 ± 0.06 g were stocked in triplicate at different stocking densities of 200 (SD1), 250 (SD2), 300 (SD3) and 350 (SD4) m?3 in biofloc‐based treatments and 150 (C) m?3 in control (clear water). Biofloc‐based units (SD1 and SD2) obtained significantly better (P < 0.05) growth performances at the end of the experimental period. Mean body weight of fish in biofloc‐based units showed a decreasing trend with increase in stocking density with 100% survival in all units including control. The stress parameters were significantly lower in biofloc‐based rearing units especially in treatments SD1 and SD2 as compared to the control. The fish from the biofloc‐based units (SD1 and SD2) possessed significantly (P < 0.05) higher immune status as compared to control and other biofloc treatments in terms of respiratory burst, serum lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activity. Relative survival percentages were significantly better in biofloc treatments with highest in SD1 and SD2 (83.33%) after challenge study. GIFT strain of Tilapia at higher stocking densities 200–250 nos m?3 can be taken as optimum stocking density whereas higher stocking densities up to 350 nos m?3 can be reared in the biofloc systems without compromising the growth and immunity. 相似文献
348.
349.
非洲猪瘟(ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)引起的一种的热性、斑疹性、高度接触性的猪传染病。世界首例ASF于1909年在非洲肯尼亚被发现。由于其传染性强,且发病后致死率高,给生猪养殖带来极大的危害,且严重影响了畜牧经济的发展。特别是在全球禁抗背景下,提高猪只免疫力成为防控ASF的重要环节。文章就ASF特征、临床表现,就如何在禁抗下提高猪免疫力提出一些建议。 相似文献
350.
侧孢短芽孢杆菌(Brevibacillus laterosporu)是一种重要的生物防治益生菌,但在水产养殖中鲜见报道。为研究饲料中添加侧孢短芽孢杆菌FAS05对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长、抗病及免疫力的影响,以体重为(1.00±0.08) g的凡纳滨对虾为研究对象,开展了28 d的养殖实验。实验分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复50尾对虾,分别饲喂添加0 (C组,作为对照组)、105 (BL1组)、107 (BL2组)和109 CFU/g(BL3组)侧孢短芽孢杆菌FAS05的实验饲料。结果显示,各组存活率无显著差异(P>0.05),BL1和BL2组对虾的体长、体重和特定生长率显著高于C组(P<0.05);与C组相比,BL1~BL3组养殖水体的弧菌数显著降低(P<0.05);侵染副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahemolyticus)后,BL1~BL3组存活率显著高于C组(P<0.05),BL1~BL3组之间的差异不显著(P>0.05);与C组相比,BL1~B... 相似文献