达氏鳇1龄幼鱼生长特性的初步研究

为了解人工养殖条件下达氏鳇（Huso dauricus）的生长特性,2009年9月29日至12月24日对养殖在自然水温（13～18℃）下的1龄幼鱼进行试验研究,测量其全长和体重,应用统计软件Excel和SPSS对测量的数据进行处理分析。结果表明,在试验条件下,达氏鳇幼鱼体重瞬时增长率与水温变化有关,体重增长量和增长率随...     

四种引进鲟幼鱼的培育及生长特性

为了丰富鲟鱼养殖种类,特引进了闪光鲟（Acipenser stellatus）、欧鳇（Huso huso）、西伯利亚鲟（Acipenserbaerii）和杂交鲟（西伯利亚鲟♂×俄罗斯鲟A.gueldenstaeti♀）受精卵,在直径2m的玻璃钢池中进行驯养和流水养殖,水温16-22℃,溶氧5-7mg·L-1。定期测定了上述4种鲟鱼的体长和体质量,应用计算机软件Excel和SPSS对测量的数据进行处理分析。结果表明：孵出的闪光鲟、欧鳇、西伯利亚鲟和杂交鲟鱼苗平均体质量分别为0.01349g、0.02818g、0.02016g,及0.02416g,经过60d驯化养殖,平均体质量分别达到3.80g、11.22g、7.85g,及4.19g;平均体长分别达10.61cm、13.37cm、12.98cm,及9.78cm。全长与日龄之间均呈线性关系,且R2〉0.9,全长日均增长量的大小顺序为：欧鳇〉西伯利亚鲟〉闪光鲟〉杂交鲟;体质量均与日龄呈指数函数关系,且R2〉0.9,体质量日均增长量大小顺序为：欧鳇〉西伯利亚鲟〉杂交鲟〉闪光鲟;体质量与全长的回归曲线中b〈3,均呈异速生长;肥满度分别变动在0.67～0.30、0.86～0.47、0.58～0.35,及0.71～0.44之间,均呈逐渐降低的趋势,且各个时期欧鳇肥满度最高;驯化期结束后30～40日龄生长离散最明显。     

饥饿和不同饵料对杂交鲟(达氏鳇(♀)×施氏鲟(♂))仔稚鱼生长和消化酶活性的影响

研究了饥饿、投喂水丝蚓和人工饲料对杂交鲟(达氏鳇(♀)×施氏鲟(♂))(Huso dauricus(♀)×Acipenser schrenckii(♂))仔稚鱼生长、存活和消化酶活性的影响。结果显示:饥饿和投喂不同饵料对杂交鲟仔稚鱼的生长、存活、肥满度和消化酶活性影响显著。饥饿条件下,5 d后杂交鲟幼鱼生长基本停滞,10 d后负生长,与投喂饵料组的生长性能差异显著。消化酶活性方面,0~10 d,饥饿组的胃蛋白酶活性一直低于投喂饵料组,至20 d饥饿组的胃蛋白酶显著高于其它组;各处理组的脂肪酶活性变化规律各不相同,但是饥饿组的脂肪酶活性低于其他两组;各处理的杂交鲟幼鱼淀粉酶活性虽然有起伏波动,但是15 d后饥饿组快速升高并显著高于其他组。     

5种鲟、鳇鱼基因组DNA遗传多样性分析

以史氏鲟(Acipenserschrencki)、达氏鳇(Husodauricus)俄罗斯鲟(A.gueldenstaedti)、小体鲟(A.ruthenus)西伯利亚鲟(A.baeri)的基因组DNA为实验材料,用改进的DNA提取方法获得了完整的基因组DNA片段。通过25个SSLP及Ⅰ型引物对5种鲟鳇鱼的基因组DNA进行PCR多态性引物筛选,获得11个能扩增出遗传多态性的有效引物,通过对5种鱼的PCR分析,平均遗传距离为0.748,遗传距离最大的为达氏鳇和小体鲟之间为0.9355,DNA分析结果还显示,鲟鳇鱼的遗传多样性程度十分低下(47.93%)。同时建立了5种鲟鳇鱼的聚类图。     

A comparative study of some hematological features in young reared sturgeons (Acipenser persicus and Huso huso)

The physiological condition in fishes required for their selection as broodfish can be determined by hematological studies. The present study aims at examining the hematological indices in juvenile sturgeons at different stages of growth. The main blood features, such as total albumin content in blood, hemoglobin concentration and the erythrocyte and leukocyte count, were measured in a total of 54 specimens of 1-, 2- and 6-year old sturgeon (Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus and beluga Huso huso), artificially produced at the Shahid Dr. Beheshti Fish Breeding and Rearing Center located in the Gilan Province.In the Persian sturgeon specimens studied, the total albumin concentration in the blood increased from 26.05 to 52.50 g l^–1, the hemoglobin concentration increased from 42.2 to 65.8 g l^–1, the erythrocyte count increased from 240 to 452.5 thousand cell ml^–1 and the leukocyte count increased from 13.43 to 46.48 thousand cells ml^–1. The total leukocyte was composed of 73.25 to 82.70% lymphocytes, 12.3 to 20% neutrophils, 2.25 to 6.50% eosinophils and 0.2 to 2.5% monocytes.In the beluga specimens studied, the total albumin concentration in the blood increased from 20.05 to 42.20 g l^–1, the hemoglobin concentration increased from 46.3 to 78.6 g l^–1, the erythrocyte count increased from 495 to 735 thousand cells ml^–1 and the leukocyte count increased from 31.6 to 57.7 thousand cells ml^–1. The total leukocyte was composed of 54.5 to 67.5% lymphocytes, 22.63 to 33.86% neutrophils, 6.60 to 13.7% eosinophils and 0.6 to 2.25% monocytes.This research reveals the trends of some hematological features during the growth and development of sturgeons in the South Caspian Sea, reared in artificial conditions. It shows that with the increase in age, the hematological indices also increased.     

Retracted: Study of enzyme activities and protein content of beluga (Huso huso) semen before and after cryopreservation

Knowledge gained regarding the biochemical processes that occur during sperm collection, processing and freezing‐thawing might improve current sperm cryopreservation techniques. In our present study, we determined the effect of cryopreservation on the total protein concentration (TP) and the activities of certain enzymes in semen samples from the beluga (Huso huso). The TP content of the seminal plasma of fresh semen was 0.47 ± 0.026 g/l, and the TP after cryopreservation was 1.86 ± 0.6 g/l. The activities of acid phosphatase (0.82 ± 0.042 U/l), lactate dehydrogenase (234.4 ± 19.4 U/l), arylsulfatase (143.1 ± 32.5 U/l) and β‐N‐acetylglucosaminidase (58.39 ± 4.14 U/l) in the seminal plasma of fresh semen were significantly lower than those in the supernatant of frozen‐thawed semen samples (7.43 ± 0.64, 3224.6 ± 167.2, 422.6 ± 21.3 and 90.2 ± 5.37 U/l respectively). These parameters may be useful as biomarkers for estimating damage to the cell membrane of spermatozoa caused by freezing‐thawing.     

史氏鲟及杂交鲟仔鱼消化系统的组织学

史氏鲟(AcipenserschrensckiBrandt),系黑龙江的特产鱼类。我国早在1957年就成功地进行了史氏鲟的人工繁殖,并获得少量鱼苗。后来又在黑龙江建立了史氏鲟增殖放流站。20世纪80年代末90年代初,有关单位还开展了池塘养殖、饵料生物学以及鲟鳇杂交等方面的研究[1]。近年来史氏鲟的人工养殖发展迅速,但在史氏鲟人工饲料的驯化养殖上仍然存在较多问题,了解史氏鲟及其与鳇(Husohuso)的杂交种仔鱼的消化系统发育可为鲟幼鱼的养殖及营养研究提供科学依据和参考。有关鲟类早期生活史的研究,国内外都有过一些报道[2-5],但多是从生态学和形态学角度开…     

不同养殖方式对达氏鳇性腺发育及成活的影响

探讨了工厂化循环水养殖、流水水泥池养殖以及池塘养殖3种不同的养殖方式对达氏鳇性腺发育及成活的影响.结果显示:利用工厂化循环水养殖的达氏鳇性腺发育成熟系数为12.3％,成活率为99.2％;流水水泥池养殖性腺发育成熟系数为10.1％,成活率为97.7％;池塘养殖性腺发育成熟系数为9.3％,成活率为96.9％.结果表明:利用...     

达氏鳇(♀)×西伯利亚鲟(♂)杂交幼鱼生长特性初步研究

对野生达氏鳇(Huso dauricus)(♀)与人工养殖西伯利亚鲟(Acipenser baerii)(♂)的杂交幼鱼在人工养殖条件下的生长进行研究。结果显示:在水温14.7~16.8℃的条件下,平均全长37.43 cm、平均体重178.9 g的达氏鳇杂交种幼鱼经过80 d培育后,平均全长和平均体重分别达到51.74 cm和533.1 g。其全长与日龄呈线性关系,关系式为L=0.1683t+10.942(R2=0.9665);体重与日龄呈指数函数关系,关系式为W=24.304e0.0129t(R2=0.9421);体重与全长呈幂函数关系,关系式为W=0.0007L3.4461(R2=0.9984),其中b大于3。结果表明:达氏鳇和西伯利亚鲟的杂交种幼鱼为异速生长类型,体重生长快于全长生长。     

鲟细菌性败血综合征致病菌的初步研究

从患细菌性败血综合征的杂交鲟(Huso huso♀×Acipenser ruthenus ♂)和达氏鳇(Huso dauricus)的腹水及肾脏中共分离了5株优势菌,经人工回归感染实验证实其中2株细菌XL2-T和HK3-R具有致病性。经ATB细菌鉴定仪鉴定,结果显示:XL2-T为豚鼠气单胞菌(Aeromonas punctata subsp.caviae),HK3-R为类志贺邻单胞菌(Plesiomonas shigelloides)。这2株致病菌的主要特征为:革兰氏染色阴性,杆状,氧化酶阳性,对先锋必、妥布霉素、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、奈替米星、新霉素等6种药物均高度敏感。