不同方式加工海带投喂盘鲍幼鲍生长速度比较

将初始壳长1.890.20cm的盘鲍幼鲍随机分配到3个试验组,每组50只,每个试验组各设4个平行组。第1组:投喂盐渍海带;第2组:投喂煮沸海带;第3组(对照组):投喂晒干海带。试验用鲍在同一口水泥池中饲养50d,投喂足量饵料。投喂盐渍海带盘鲍幼鲍的日均壳长增长(P<0.001)及平体重增长率(P<0.05)均明显高于对照组,但投喂煮沸海带盘鲍幼鲍的日均壳长增(P>0.05)及平均体重增长率(P>0.05)与对照组无明显差异。     

碘伏对皱纹盘鲍的急性毒性试验

试验结果表明：碘伏对稚鲍2，42，48，72，96hLC50分别为3．91，0．64，0．38和0．36mg.L^-1有效碘。稚鲍对碘伏很敏感，且忍耐质量浓度范围较窄，不适合带水消毒。     

皱纹盘鲍消化酶的研究

本文对人工养殖的、不同生长时期的正常鲍和病鲍的消化酶活力进行了研究。酶学分析表明，在皱纹盘鲍消化器官中存在着胃蛋白酶（酸性蛋白酶），最适ＰＨ２．８～３．５；类胰蛋白酶（碱性蛋白酶），最适ＰＨ７．８～１０；淀粉酶和纤维素酶。蛋白酶及纤维素酶随着鲍鱼的生长发育活性逐渐增强，淀粉酶逐渐减弱。肝中的酶活性高于其它器官，正常个体酶活性远高于患病个体。我们还做了酯酶的聚丙烯酰胺电泳研究。     

Growth and reproductive performance of triploid and diploid blacklip abalone, Haliotis rubra (Leach, 1814)

Growth and reproduction of triploid and diploid blacklip abalone Haliotis rubra (Leach, 1814) were compared in a 30-month study. Triploidy was induced by inhibition of the second polar body formation using 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) or cytochalasin B (CB). There were no significant differences in growth and survivorship between triploid and diploid abalone. However, triploid abalone had a more elongated shell and greater foot muscles than diploid abalone. A slightly curvilinear growth in shell length was conformed to all treatments. While diploid abalone had reached sexual maturity and spawned during the study, gonadal development and gamete maturation were abnormal in triploids. Female triploids lacked an apparent gonad at the macroscopic level but microscopic examination revealed that they had a thin layer of oogonia development. In contrast, male triploids were able to form similar-sized gonads to diploids during most of the reproductive period, but with brown-yellow discolouration and stalled gametogenesis at spermatocyte formation. Sex ratio of triploid abalone did not deviate from 1:1. With the onset of sexual maturation, growth and gonadal maturation occurred concurrently in diploid abalone, and there was no indication that growth of (diploid) abalone was reduced.     

皱纹盘鲍幼虫流水孵化培育技术的研究

采用紫外线海水培育、充气海水培育、流水孵化培育、流水孵化培育中试4种不同方法进行皱纹盘鲍（Haliotis discus hannai）幼虫孵化培育，并与常规孵化技术对照，结果表明：紫外线海水孵化培育组幼虫48h面盘与壳分离死亡；充气流水培育组幼虫发育畸形；48h下沉死亡；流水培育组幼早孵化率为69.7%，流水培育中试组幼虫孵化率达75.8%。而对照组孵化率仅为23.5%。流水孵化培育不仅提高了孵化率，而且稳定性较高，同时节省大量劳动力。     

杂色鲍DAD1的克隆及在发育、弧菌感染、高温和缺氧下的表达分析

抗细胞凋亡因子(DAD1)是细胞凋亡的负调控因子。在杂色鲍转录组测序的基础上,通过RACE的方法,获得了杂色鲍DAD1基因的全长c DNA,命名为HdDAD1。该序列全长553 bp,开放阅读框339 bp,编码112个氨基酸。编码蛋白具有保守的DAD功能域和3段跨膜区。实时定量PCR结果表明,HdDAD1在杂色鲍所检测组织中均有表达,消化道、鳃、血细胞、粘液腺和肾脏中表达量最高。同样,HdDAD1在发育各阶段均有表达,幼虫阶段表达量最高,原肠胚次之,其他胚胎发育阶段和稚鲍表达量最低。HdDAD1能够响应细菌感染、高温和缺氧应激。在弧菌注射12 h后,表达量显著上升。当水温由最适的25°C上升到28°C时,HdDAD1表达量升高;在31°C持续4和96 h时HdDAD1表达量显著上升。在低氧处理4和96 h时,HdDAD1的表达量也显著上升。     

皱纹盘鲍脓毒败血症病原菌的发现及初步研究

１９９２年９月至１９９４年１１月间，在大连沿海发现的致皱纹盘鲍脓毒败血症的一株病原菌，对皱纹盘鲍人工感染有很高的死亡率，并且与自然发病有相同的症状。     

九孔鲍性腺发育过程中消化酶活力的变化

用酶学方法研究了性腺发育过程中九孔鲍肝胰腺和消化道中蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶活力的变化。试验结果表明,雌、雄九孔鲍各消化酶活力均随着性腺发育呈先升后降的变化趋势。在性腺发育早期和晚期酶活力较低,在性腺发育中期酶活力显著升高,且均在成熟前期达到最高值。九孔鲍繁殖期各消化酶的活力分布存在器官特异性和性别差异,九孔鲍的淀粉酶和纤维素酶活力在各性腺发育期均表现为肝胰腺消化道,雌鲍雄鲍。同种消化器官内各消化酶的活力也存在差异,雌、雄九孔鲍繁殖期肝胰腺和消化道内各消化酶的最大活力均为:纤维素酶淀粉酶蛋白酶。     

基于线性食物网模型估算荣成俚岛人工鱼礁区刺参和皱纹盘鲍的生态容纳量

俚岛人工鱼礁区是中国北方近海典型的海珍品增殖型人工鱼礁生态系统,刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)和皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)是该生态系的主要增殖放流种类。基于2009年在荣成俚岛人工鱼礁区进行的周年生物资源调查数据,利用EWE软件构建俚岛人工鱼礁区生态系统生态通道模型(Ecopath),对该模型进行了不确定性及输入参数敏感度检验,系统分析了俚岛人工鱼礁区生态系统特征和能量流动规律,估算了俚岛人工鱼礁区生态系统内刺参和皱纹盘鲍的生态容纳量。模型由19个功能组构成,基本涵盖了俚岛人工鱼礁区生态系统能量流动的主要过程。分析结果表明,模型可信度P指数为0.51,小型底层鱼类生产量与生物量的比值(P/B)下降50%会使小型底层鱼类生物量(B)估算值变化1.36,影响最大;系统总流量为10 786.680 t/(km2.a),其中27%流向碎屑,17%以捕捞和沉积的形式流出系统;系统的总初级生产力为4 131.966 t/(km2.a);系统的总能量转换效率为10.5%,流量中来自碎屑的比例为39%,其中的61%直接来源于初级生产者,能流通道以牧食食物链为主导;刺参和皱纹盘鲍的生态容纳量为309.4 t/km2和198.86 t/km2,目前礁区刺参和皱纹盘鲍的生物量分别占估算生态容纳量的31.72%和26.15%,仍具一定的增殖空间。     

Growth performance and the soft body composition of juvenile abalone,Haliotis discus,Reeve 1846, fed the extruded pellets substituting fish meal and macroalgae with tunic meal of sea squirt,Halocynthia roretzi

Growth performance and the soft body composition of juvenile abalone fed the extruded pellets (EPs) substituting fish meal (FM) and macroalgae (MA) with tunic meal of sea squirt (SS) was investigated. A total of 1,260 abalone were distributed into 18 containers. Six experimental diets were prepared in triplicate. Five diets were pelletized by an extruder pelleter. The 140 g/kg FM and 250 g/kg mixture of MA were included into the control (Con) diet. Five hundred and 1,000 g/kg of each FM and MA were substituted with an equal amount of tunic meal of SS, referred to as the FM50, FM0, MA50 and MA0 diets, respectively. Finally, dry Undaria pinnatifida was prepared. Weight gain and specific growth rate of abalone fed all EPs were greater than those fed U. pinnatifida. Weight gain of abalone fed MA50 and FM50 diets was greater than Con and FM0 diets, but not different from MA0 diet. Higher crude protein and lipid contents were observed in soft body of abalone fed all EPs compared to U. pinnatifida. In conclusion, FM and MA up to 500 and 1,000 g/kg, respectively, could be replaced with tunic meal of SS in EPs without retardation in growth of abalone.