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为探索中间球海胆(Strongylocentrotus intermedius)在福建沿海季节性养殖的可行性,于2018年11月开展了新品种中间球海胆"大金"南移福州海域养殖试验。试养海胆分为大(壳径3 cm)和小(壳径1 cm)两种规格。采用当地现有的鲍养殖海域和设施,定期投喂海带(Laminaria japonica)和龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)。经过6个月的养殖,福州养殖的大规格海胆壳径达(55.90±2.63)mm,体质量(56.30±6.92)g,性腺指数15.02%±1.5%,海胆生殖腺发育处于成熟前期(Ⅲ期),性腺质量良好,且显著高于大连同期养殖的大规格海胆壳径(46.56±3.88)mm和体质量(39.07±5.05)g(P<0.05)。同时,福州养殖的小规格海胆壳径达(40.97±0.87)mm,体质量(23.18±0.37)g,性腺指数9.64%±1.00%。试养结果表明,冬春季中间球海胆可在福建沿海开展季节性养殖,采用现有海上设施和养殖笼,投喂鲜活大型藻类,海胆的生长速度显著优于同期大连养殖。中间球海胆福建沿海南移养殖是满足其日益增长的市场需求的重要途径。 相似文献
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Neil Wang Emilie Henrotte Patrick Kestemont 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,261(2):706-714
In Eurasian perch, Perca fluviatilis, gametogenesis is induced by decrease of both temperature and photoperiod. However, a multiplicity of other factors can display non-permissive or modulating effects on the induction of the reproductive cycle. Consequently, a 9-week study was carried out to determine the environmental cues and permissive factors controlling the induction of the reproductive cycle in this species. A two-level fractional factorial design 28-4 was used in order to identify the influent factors from 8 environmental and nutritional ones and their 28 interactions. Tested factors were: (1) amplitude of temperature decrease, (2) time, (3) kinetics and (4) amplitude of photoperiod decrease, (5) initial nutritional state, (6) handling, (7) feeding rate and (8) light spectrum. Increase of gonadosomatic index (GSIi), proportion of female in exogenous vitellogenesis (EVP), plasma 17 β-estradiol (E2) and cortisol levels, fat consumption and food intake were evaluated.This study showed that the amplitude of the decrease of temperature and the time of photoperiod decrease are the two main environmental cues controlling the induction of the reproductive cycle in Eurasian perch. GSIi was the highest (3.8%) when females were exposed to both low amplitude of temperature decrease and precocious decrease of photophase. It was the lowest (1.1%) when high amplitude of temperature decrease and late decrease of photophase were applied. Handling in association with temperature modulated the broodstock response. 100% of the unhandled fish held at 14 °C were at the exogenous vitellogenesis stage with mean E2 and basal cortisol levels of 1.6 ng mL− 1 and 9 ng mL− 1 respectively. Handled fish and fish held at 6 °C exhibited lower vitellogenesis (40-73%) associated with lower E2 (0.6-1.1 ng mL− 1) and higher basal cortisol levels (37-89 ng mL− 1). No other factor nor interaction displayed a cueing or non permissive effect on the induction of the reproductive cycle in female Eurasian perch. A first schematic model is proposed to explain the factorial determinism of the induction of the reproductive cycle. 相似文献
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2013年4月–2014年3月,采用组织学和实验生态学方法研究了山东莱州湾海域小刀蛏(Cultellus attenuatus)的性腺发育、生殖周期、胚胎及幼虫发育。结果显示,在繁殖季节,小刀蛏性别可通过性腺颜色区分,雌性为白色,雄性为黄色;1个生殖周期为1年,性腺发育经历增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和休止期5个阶段;莱州湾繁殖期为6月中旬–7月上旬。小刀蛏受精卵卵径为50–55 μm,在水温26℃、盐度28的条件下,经24 h发育至D形幼虫,10 d后幼虫发育变态为稚贝。对莱州湾小刀蛏繁殖生物学的研究,可为该海域小刀蛏的人工育苗和增养殖提供科学依据。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究胚胎期大鼠性腺生长与分化的情况。选取12.5~15.5 dpc SD大鼠胚胎为研究对象,运用PCR技术进行大鼠胚胎性别鉴定,采用H-E技术对大鼠性腺分化形态进行观察。结果表明:12.5 d的鼠胚肾管已经开始形成,生殖嵴已经建立,此时仍无明显的性别分化形态;13.5 d的鼠胚开始出现性别分化的迹象,雄性的原始性索开始形成,雌性性腺分化比雄性稍晚,此期仍不易辨别出典型的卵巢特征结构;14.5 d的鼠胚性腺形态初步成型,此期性别明显分化,雄性的原始性索开始分化为实心原始生精小管,雌性胚胎中性腺分为两层,初步形成卵巢特征;15.5 d的鼠胚,雄性胚胎性腺中已经具有明显的曲精小管的雏形,雌性胚胎卵巢特征也开始明显。大鼠胚胎性腺从13.5 d胚龄时开始分化,15.5 d胚龄性腺特征明显。 相似文献
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为探讨不同光照周期对脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)生长、性腺发育以及血淋巴生化成分的影响,本研究挑选体质量为(0.71±0.05) g、体长为(3.62±0.28) cm的脊尾白虾,在水温23~25℃、盐度22~24、pH 7.8~8.1、光照强度为1000 lx的养殖条件下,测定其在5种光照周期(全光照L、16L︰8D、12L︰12D、8L︰16D、全黑暗D,L表示光照时长,D表示黑暗时长)下的生长、性腺发育以及血淋巴生化成分等相关指标。结果显示,在存活率方面,全黑暗组最高[(86.67±5.77)%],其次为12L︰12D组[(83.33±8.82)%],再次为8L︰16D组[(80.00±3.33)%],3组之间无显著差异(P>0.05);在特定生长率方面,8L︰16D组的特定生长率为(2.49±0.20)%/d,显著高于全黑暗组(P<0.05);在蜕壳率方面,8L︰16D组蜕壳率最高,为(6.96±0.50)次/(尾·d)。性腺指数随光照时间的缩短逐渐增大,在光照时间为8L时达到最高值[(2.37±0.04)%],显著高于其他组(P<0.05);8L︰16D组卵巢成熟率为(42.93±4.57)%,显著高于全黑暗组(P<0.05);8L︰16D组卵巢相对长度在实验第30天时显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。8L︰16D组血淋巴蛋白质和胆固醇浓度显著高于全光照组、16L︰8D组和全黑暗组(P<0.05),与12L︰12D组无显著差异(P>0.05);8L︰16D组葡萄糖浓度显著高于全光照组和全黑暗组(P<0.05),与16L︰8D组和12L︰12D组差异不显著(P>0.05);8L︰16D组甘油三酯浓度显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。研究表明,不同光照周期对脊尾白虾生长、性腺发育以及血淋巴生化成分均产生不同程度的影响,8L︰16D是脊尾白虾亲虾促熟和工厂化养殖较为适宜的光照周期。 相似文献
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This review describes the endocrine changes that occur during the annual reproductive cycle of Pygocentrus cariba, Pimelodus blochii, and Oxydoras sifontesi and their relationships with the environmental characteristics of Venezuelan floodplains. Most reproductive studies of teleosts
have focused on changes that occur during annual cycles in temperate species but, in tropical fish, this has been examined
less frequently. P. cariba, P. blochii, and O. sifontesi are seasonal breeders widely distributed along the Orinoco River. Under natural conditions they have an annual gonadal cycle
closely related to changes in the annual hydrology cycle of the Orinoco River which defines two seasons on the floodplain:
inundation and isolation. The reproductive cycle of these species seems to be controlled by cues from the external environment.
Relevant data about gonadal maturation, for example gonadosomatic index and sexual hormones secretion, are contrasted. The
role of catecholamines in neuroendocrine control of the reproductive axis is also considered in this work. 相似文献