大豆化学诱变育种及其规律的研究

应用化学诱变剂处理大豆种子,对M_1代植株的生育及形态均有强烈的抑制作用.M_1代所产生的形态变异主要是由于化学物质扰乱了植株生理而产生生理损伤所致.在M_2代植株各性状中以分枝数、株高、单株荚数的遗传变异系数较大,说明这些性状选择的潜力是大的,通过选择容易达到预期目标.诱变M_3代绝大多数性状仍在分离.加强选择,能选出早熟、大粒、农艺性状好、丰产的新品系.     

基于遗传算法的机械产品多参数选配方法

对机械产品多参数选配问题进行了描述，并以同时满足多个装配精度，使不适配零件数量最小化为目标，建立了求解该问题的数学模型。针对机械产品多参数选配的特点，提出了一种基于遗传算法的选配方法。根据问题的特殊性，设计了相应的编码方法和遗传算子。最后给出了应用该算法解决机械产品多参数选配问题的一个实例，证明了该算法的可行性与有效性。     

基于遗传算法的泵汽蚀试验数据拟合

文章对标准的遗传算法进行改进，采用了浮点数直接编码方式最优保留策略、算术交叉和非一致性变异算法等方法，并对泵汽蚀试验数据拟合问题进行分析，引入了此改进的遗传算法。最后给出了一组汽蚀试验数据，分析采用常规方法拟合和基于遗传算法拟合。结果说明了本文提出方法的可行性。     

Combining deliberative and computer-based methods for multi-objective land-use planning

This paper reports the outcomes of a deliberative workshop comparing land-use plans proposed by land-manager or domain experts with those derived using a computer-based decision support system (DSS). The DSS integrates four main components, a geographic information system, land-use systems simulation models, impact assessments and land-use planning tools. The land-use planning tools draw on the other components to generate and evaluate alternative patterns of land use and management. Since the land-use planning tools are based on multi-objective genetic algorithms (mGAs) it is possible to generate a range of alternative plans that define the structure of the trade-off between the objectives. The workshop tasked the delegates with specifying land-use plans that achieved the best compromise between two objectives known to be non-commensurable and conflicting. The nature of the best compromise was dependent on their individual perspectives. The delegates proposed allocations both as individuals and in researcher-facilitated sub-groups. The mGA allocations were then compared with those derived by delegates and were found to be broadly similar in performance. Differences in the range of allocations considered feasible were explained by the hard and soft constraints on allocations agreed between the delegates and articulated within the workshop process. The hypothesis that part of the difference in performance between the mGA and delegate allocations was due to the delegates blocking together fields with the same land use for convenience of management was proved. The analysis of the group allocations revealed that the decision-making process had failed to improve on the individual allocations. From these results it was concluded that there was a potential role for mGA based land-use planning tools in researching into, and deliberating on, the possible impacts of policy or other factors affecting land-use systems. It was further concluded that the tools should not be used in isolation since there was the need for stake-holder inputs to adequately define the range of feasible and practical land-use plans.     

Inverse Modeling to Quantify Irrigation System Characteristics and Operational Management

Remotely sensed (RS) data is a major source to obtain spatialdata required for hydrological models. The challenge for thefuture is to obtain besides the more direct observable data(landcover, leaf area index, digital elevation model andevapotranspiration), non-visible data such as soilcharacteristics, groundwater depth and irrigation practices.In this study we have explore the option of using inversemodeling to obtain these non-RS-visible data. For a commandarea in Haryana, India, we applied for the 2000–2001 rabiseason a RS-GIS-combined inverse modeling approach to derivenon-RS-visible data required in the regional application ofhydrological models. A Genetic Algorithm loaded stochasticphysically based soil-water-atmosphere-plant model (SWAP) wasdeveloped for the inverse problem and used in the study. Theresults showed good agreement with the inventoried data suchas soil hydraulic properties, sowing dates, groundwaterdepths, irrigation practices and water quality. The deriveddata could be used to predict the state of the system at anytime in the cropping season, which can be used to evaluateoperational management strategies.     

遗传算法在离心泵叶片优化设计中的应用

对遗传算法在流体机械优化设计中的应用现状作了较为全面的总结；提出了将遗传算法应用于离心泵叶片优化设计中，分析了遗传算法在离心泵优化设计中应用的可行性以及存在的问题；对离心泵优化设计的发展提出了一些新建议和尝试。     

遗传神经网络在温室黄瓜霜霉病预测中的应用

在神经网络结构的优化、连续权重的训练中采用遗传算法的方法对日光温室黄瓜霜霉病进行预测，并对其发生程度进行了拟合，计算值与实际值接近，表明该模型具有良好的预测效果。     

克隆文库分析红树林土壤中放线菌的多样性

直接提取8个红树林土壤的总DNA,用放线菌门的特异性PCR引物进行扩增,通过构建16S rRNA文库,测序及系统发育分析,获取新颖放线菌菌株.结果发现,有酸微菌亚纲(Acidimicrobidae) (30.2％)、放线菌亚纲(Actinobacteridae) (68.0％)、红蝽菌亚纲(Coriobacteridae)(1.1％)和去腈基菌亚纲(Nitriliruptoridae)( 0.7％)成员,没有红色杆菌亚纲( Rubrobacteridae)成员.仙农指数和Chao1物种多样性指数(Schao1)表明,红树林土壤样品中含有丰富的放线菌多样性.以16S rDNA基因的相似率≥97％作为临界点,45.1％可能代表新候选种(candidate species)(未培养、分离).本研究为进一步获取新颖的红树林放线菌资源提供了基础.     

OsGA20ox2不同长度RNAi片段对水稻株高等农艺性状的遗传效应

利用OsGA20ox2基因序列构建不同长度的RNAi片段并导入水稻，获得不同高度的矮化植株。将这些矮化植株与野生型植株回交获得B₁F₂群体，卡方检测表明B₁F₂群体矮秆植株数和高秆植株数符合3∶1比例，表现为矮秆显性的遗传规律。对矮化植株的F₅和B₁F₂群体株高、各茎节间长度和一些主要农艺性状方差分析显示, OsGA20ox2基因的RNAi能显著缩短株高和各节间长度(P<0.05)，RNAi干扰片段越长，使植株株高和节间长度缩短程度越大，可使株高降低24~42 cm，矮化22%~39%。在同一长度的RNAi干扰片段下，倒一节节间长度平均缩短与倒二节节间长度平均缩短非常相近，倒三节和倒四节节间长度平均缩短非常相近，总的缩短程度是倒四节>倒三节>倒二节>倒一节。这种近基部节间长度缩短幅度和比例较大的特点，利于提高水稻的抗倒伏能力，同时上部节间缩短幅度和比例较小，有效地保持合理株高，不使生物产量明显降低，有利于水稻的稳产和高产。OsGA20ox2基因的RNAi不影响如千粒重、结实率、穗长等其他主要农艺性状或影响很小。     

黑色/长梨形樱桃番茄种质的研究利用

以樱桃番茄黑褐色圆形自交系Z1、红黑色长梨形自交系Z2、红色圆形、浅粉红色扁圆形、
橙黄色长椭圆形和黄色圆形等自交系为试材，进行不完全双列杂交配制组合。通过对杂交组合后代的农艺
性状、品质特性和抗病性等的调查研究，探究黑色樱桃番茄种质品质改良和长梨形果形的利用，为今后特
殊果形果色番茄种质的创新利用提供参考。结果表明：樱桃番茄果色黑色性状为隐性性状；亲本为圆形果
或扁圆形果×长梨形果、长椭圆形果×长梨形果时，F₁ 果形分别是椭圆形与长指形。