融入区域特色食品资源的“食品工艺学”课程教学改革研究

HUANG Huifu(College of Biological Resources and Food Enginggring,Qujing Normal University,Qujing,Yunnan 655011,China)     

梅县苦笋竹资源产业化开发探讨

文章概述了梅县的苦笋竹资源情况,同时介绍了苦竹笋的栽培管理技术、开发利用现状,并在此基础上提出相应的开发利用措施。     

我国观光果园的现状及发展建议

分析了我国观光果园的发展现状及存在的问题,并提出了相关建议。     

Adoption of improved fallow technology for soil fertility management in Zambia: Empirical studies and emerging issues

In the subsistence-agricultural region of eastern Zambia, less than 10% of the households have adequate supply of maize (Zea mays L.), the staple food, throughout the year. A major constraint to increasing crop production in the region is poor fertility status of the soil. In order to address this problem, improved fallow has been introduced as a technology for improving soil fertility within a short span of two to three years. Farmers have been testing the technology and a number of empirical studies have been undertaken over the years to identify the factors influencing farmers' decision to adopt the technology. This paper presents a synthesis of the results of adoption studies and highlights generic issues on the adoption of improved fallows in Zambia. The synthesis indicates that farmers' decision on technology adoption does not have a simple directed relationship of some technological characteristics only, but constitutes a matrix of factors including household characteristics, community level factors, socioeconomic constraints and incentives that farmers face, access to information, local institutional arrangements and macro policies on agriculture. The adoption of improved fallows is not strictly speaking a binary choice problem but a continuous process in which farmers occupy a position along a continuum in the adoption path. Further, adoption of improved fallows may not take place in a policy vacuum but needs to be facilitated by appropriate and conducive policy and institutional incentives. Several questions and issues that require further study emerge from the synthesis. These include determination of the relative importance of the factors in the adoption matrix, identification of the conditions under which farmers use a combination of inputs and their profitability under changing price scenarios, exact definition to delineate between `non-adopters', `testers' and `adopters' of agroforestry technologies, and understanding the impact of cash crop farming in farmers' adoption decisions of improved fallows (where off farm opportunities exist). Further, there is a need to determine the inter-relationship between household poverty, labor availability and the adoption of improved fallows and, to evaluate a combination of policy interventions at both national and local level to promote the adoption of agroforestry-based soil fertility management. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Long-term patterns of microhabitat use by fish in a southern Appalachian stream from 1983 to 1992: effects of hydrologic period, season and fish length

Abstract— We quantified microhabitat use by members of a southern Appalachian stream fish assemblage over a ten-year period that included both floods and droughts. Our study site (37 m in length) encompassed riffle, run and pool habitats. Previous research indicated that species belonged to either benthic or water-column microhabitat guilds. Most species exhibited non-random microhabitat use in all seasons, and benthic and water column species generally were over-represented in the deeper portions of the site. In addition, water column species generally were over-represented in microhabitats with lower average velocities. The majority of seasonal shifts in microhabitat use were passive (i. e. correlated with changes in microhabitat availability), whereas, most shifts associated with hydrological periods appeared to be active responses to changing environmental conditions. Most species exhibited length-related shifts in microhabitat use, which were strongly affected by hydrologic period for four of ten species. Microhabitat use patterns of assemblage members appeared to be a consequence of species-specific responses to changing environmental conditions. The highly flexible patterns of microhabitat use exhibited by these species necessitate that decisions regarding their management be based on data covering a range of environmental conditions.     

鲁甸县核桃种质资源表型多样性调查初报

通过调查鲁甸核桃604株成年结果树的物候特征、植物学特性、坚果的经济性状及丰产性得出:鲁甸县核桃种质资源萌芽期为2月上旬至4月上旬,集中期为2月下旬到3月中旬,雌雄花开放期集中在3月中下旬至4月上旬,果实成熟期集中在9月至10月;植物学上,在叶形、枝条颜色、雌花柱头、子房颜色、雄花序长度、青果性状等方面存在多样性;鲁甸核桃每果枝坐果数为1~7,还有串串核桃的存在,丰产性好;在树形方面,表现为自然圆头形、自然开心形、自然分层形、自然圆锥形的多样性,核桃坚果的三径均值、出仁率、仁重、单果重、壳厚的变异系数分别为9.48%、13.46%、24.05%、25.46%、25.74%,多样性较丰富。     

探寻图书馆员职业忠诚度

探讨了图书馆事业的发展需要图书馆员对职业的忠诚及馆员对职业忠诚的体现,分析了馆员忠诚度缺失的原因,提出了提高图书馆员职业忠诚度的途径,从而使图书馆事业获得可持续发展。     

沧州地区土壤资源适宜性评价

土壤属性不仅影响农、林、牧、渔业生产的产量和质量,而且在很大程度上制约着土壤资源的利用方式。本文在调查研究的基础上,衡量一下各种土壤的农、林、牧、渔适宜性,并作出评价,以便因地制宜地开发利用土壤,使土壤普查成果更好地服务于生产建设。     

北京山区野生花卉的资源及其主要应用类型

北京山区分布着众多的野生花卉种类,如何让这些宝贵的资源充分发挥其应有的经济效益和社会效益,是一项紧迫任务。笔者通过调查研究,分析了北京山区野生花卉资源的分布特点,提出野生花卉在园林景观创造、体现地方特色、丰富绿化植物种类、促进生态环境的良性发展等方面的应用价值以及将资源优势转化为经济优势的途径。同时按照利用途径的不同对其进行分类,并筛选出一批具有良好应用前景的野生花卉种类。     

关于对林木资产核算的初探

森林资源资产化管理已成为我国林业理论和实务工作者们普遍关注的问题,森林资源资产化管理的关键就是要将森林资源作为一种有价值的资产加以经营和管理,而森林资源资产的核算是资产化管理的基础;同时,鉴于森林资源资产是一个综合的概念,包括了林木、林地、森林景观等,其中林木资产是主体,因此,如何做好林木资产的会计核算工作就成为森林资源资产化管理的关键。