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151.
为验证腐殖酸复合生物肥在日光温室番茄上的施用增产效果,选用液体冲施型腐殖酸复合生物肥,采用多处理随机区组试验,结果表明:常用肥+腐殖酸生物肥配施追肥与常用肥单施追肥比较,番茄的植物学性状、产量及经济效益均存在显著差异,常用肥+腐殖酸生物肥配合追施产量高达8697.62kg·(667 m2)-1,较常用肥单施追肥增产671.01kg·(667 m2)-1,增产率8.36%,收益达20544.28元/667m2,增收1580.4元/667m2,增加8.33%,增产增收效果明显,适宜在温室番茄生产上推广应用。 相似文献
152.
153.
为探究不同土地利用方式对土壤磷有效性和溶磷细菌群落的影响,以海南省白沙县龙眼园(LO)和由龙眼园转化的有机茶园(OTP)、传统无机茶园(CTP)土壤为研究对象,利用Illumina高通量测序技术分析土壤phoD功能微生物的群落结构,研究土壤速效磷与phoD功能微生物和酸性磷酸酶的相关性。结果表明:龙眼园转换成无机茶园后,在0~10 cm土层,pH、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、速效钾(AK)和有机碳(SOC)含量显著降低。同时,在10~20 cm土层,pH、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和有机碳(SOC)含量也显著降低。在0~10 cm土层,土壤速效磷(AP)含量在龙眼转化成有机茶园和无机茶园后分别降低了16%和71%。在10~20 cm土层,有机茶园土壤速效磷(AP)提高了56%,而无机茶园的速效磷(AP)含量降低了65%。相似性分析表明,土地利用方式明显改变了土壤phoD微生物群落结构。但是,土层深度并没有改变phoD微生物群落结构。RDA分析表明,土壤pH、总钾(TK)、速效钾(AK)和硝态氮(NO3--N)是驱动phoD功能微生物群落结构分异的主要环境因子。土壤速效磷(AP)含量与phoD功能微生物密切相关,其中Betaproteobacteria在调控土壤磷的有效性中发挥重要作用。研究结果表明,龙眼园转化成茶园改变了phoD微生物群落结构,同时降低了有机茶园土壤总磷(TP)和无机茶园土壤有效磷(AP)含量。与无机茶园相比,有机管理可以提高土壤速效磷(AP)含量。 相似文献
154.
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156.
通过测定西南地区主要类型土壤的基本农化性状、Q/I曲线、固钾率和酸提取钾来研究土壤钾素缓冲容量(PBCK),进而分析土壤钾素的有效性.试验结果表明,PBCK与土壤CEC、固钾率和酸提取均呈极显著正相关,因此可以用PECK来衡量土壤钾素有效性. 相似文献
157.
Baolin Ge Chunyu Hou Bin Bao Zhilin Pan Jos Eduardo Mat Snchez de Val Jeevithan Elango Wenhui Wu 《Marine drugs》2022,20(6)
Fish collagen has been widely used in tissue engineering (TE) applications as an implant, which is generally transplanted into target tissue with stem cells for better regeneration ability. In this case, the success rate of this research depends on the fundamental components of fish collagen such as amino acid composition, structural and rheological properties. Therefore, researchers have been trying to find an innovative raw material from marine origins for tissue engineering applications. Based on this concept, collagens such as acid-soluble (ASC) and pepsin-soluble (PSC) were extracted from a new type of cartilaginous fish, the blacktip reef shark, for the first time, and were further investigated for physicochemical, protein pattern, microstructural and peptide mapping. The study results confirmed that the extracted collagens resemble the protein pattern of type-I collagen comprising the α1, α2, β and γ chains. The hydrophobic amino acids were dominant in both collagens with glycine and hydroxyproline as major amino acids. From the FTIR spectra, α helix (27.72 and 26.32%), β-sheet (22.24 and 23.35%), β-turn (21.34 and 22.08%), triple helix (14.11 and 14.13%) and random coil (14.59 and 14.12%) structures of ASC and PSC were confirmed, respectively. Collagens retained their triple helical and secondary structure well. Both collagens had maximum solubility at 3% NaCl and pH 4, and had absorbance maxima at 234 nm, respectively. The peptide mapping was almost similar for ASC and PSC at pH 2, generating peptides ranging from 15 to 200 kDa, with 23 kDa as a major peptide fragment. The microstructural analysis confirmed the homogenous fibrillar nature of collagens with more interconnected networks. Overall, the preset study concluded that collagen can be extracted more efficiently without disturbing the secondary structure by pepsin treatment. Therefore, the blacktip reef shark skin could serve as a potential source for collagen extraction for the pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 相似文献
158.
Marine life has proved to be an invaluable source of new compounds with significant bioactivities, such as xanthones. This review summarizes the advances made in the study of marine-derived xanthones from 2010 to 2021, from isolation towards synthesis, highlighting their biological activities. Most of these compounds were isolated from marine-derived fungi, found in marine sediments, and associated with other aquatic organisms (sponge and jellyfish). Once isolated, xanthones have been assessed for different bioactivities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic properties. In the latter case, promising results have been demonstrated. Considering the significant bioactivities showed by xanthones, efforts have been made to synthesize these compounds, like yicathins B and C and the secalonic acid D, through total synthesis. 相似文献
159.
饲料中添加晶体或包膜氨基酸对异育银鲫生长和血清游离氨基酸水平的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
进行了二个试验考察饲料中添加晶体或包膜氨基酸对异育银鲫生长和血清游离氨基酸水平的影响。试验Ⅰ设计了鱼粉含量为18%和9%的两种基础饲料(分别为高鱼粉对照组、低鱼粉对照组),在低鱼粉对照组中分别添加晶体形式、环糊精包膜、淀粉包膜的赖氨酸0.23%、蛋氯酸0.09%,饲养平均体重2.48 g的异育银鲫鱼种6周。结果表明,高鱼粉对照组、低鱼粉对照组、晶体氨基酸组、环糊精包膜氨基酸组、淀粉包膜氨基酸组的鱼体增重率分别为214.3%、169.8%、173.3%、204.7%、203.2%,与低鱼粉对照组相比,添加晶体氨基酸对异育银鲫的生长无改善(P>0.10),但添加环糊精包膜或淀粉包膜氨基酸提高了鱼体增重率20.5%、19.7%(P<0.05),饲料系数下降0.40、0.39(P<0.05)。试验Ⅱ在鱼粉含量为6%的基础饲料分别添加晶体形式、环糊精包膜、淀粉包膜的赖氨酸0.20%、蛋氨酸0.08%,在异育银鲫成鱼(平均体重220 g)摄食上述4种饲料后1、3、5、12h,尾静脉采血测定血清游离氨基酸浓度,结果表明,添加晶体氨基酸使血清游离氨基酸的吸收峰值提前,相对于晶体氨基酸而言,环糊精包膜或淀粉包膜氨基酸则使血清游离氨基酸的吸收峰值出现不同程度的延迟。上述研究表明,晶体氨基酸经环糊精、淀粉包膜处理后,其在消化道的吸收速度减缓,可利用性显著提高。 相似文献
160.
Oceans are a rich source of structurally unique bioactive compounds from the perspective of potential therapeutic agents. Marine peptides are a particularly interesting group of secondary metabolites because of their chemistry and wide range of biological activities. Among them, cyclic peptides exhibit a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities, including against bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and viruses. Moreover, there are several examples of marine cyclic peptides revealing interesting antimicrobial activities against numerous drug-resistant bacteria and fungi, making these compounds a very promising resource in the search for novel antimicrobial agents to revert multidrug-resistance. This review summarizes 174 marine cyclic peptides with antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, or antiviral properties. These natural products were categorized according to their sources—sponges, mollusks, crustaceans, crabs, marine bacteria, and fungi—and chemical structure—cyclic peptides and depsipeptides. The antimicrobial activities, including against drug-resistant microorganisms, unusual structural characteristics, and hits more advanced in (pre)clinical studies, are highlighted. Nocathiacins I–III (91–93), unnarmicins A (114) and C (115), sclerotides A (160) and B (161), and plitidepsin (174) can be highlighted considering not only their high antimicrobial potency in vitro, but also for their promising in vivo results. Marine cyclic peptides are also interesting models for molecular modifications and/or total synthesis to obtain more potent compounds, with improved properties and in higher quantity. Solid-phase Fmoc- and Boc-protection chemistry is the major synthetic strategy to obtain marine cyclic peptides with antimicrobial properties, and key examples are presented guiding microbiologist and medicinal chemists to the discovery of new antimicrobial drug candidates from marine sources. 相似文献