卡尔费休法测定胡椒水分含量的比较研究

以蒸馏法测定胡椒水分含量结果为基准，比较卡尔费休容量法测定胡椒(Piper nigrum L.)水分的准确度和精确度，并获得校正系数平均值2.18。结果表明：卡尔费休法可达到蒸馏法的测定准确度和精确度，而且操作简便，是可靠的胡椒水分含量测定方法。     

Determination of Count and Uniformity Ratio of Shrimp by Machine Vision

Current shrimp quality evaluation is a subjective sum of visual, smell and texture characteristics, and the manual determination of count and uniformity ratio of a sample batch. The automation of this process is desirable for a more rapidly and objectively repeatable evaluation. As a first step towards this goal, the count and uniformity ratio of whole, headless, peeled-tail-on, and peeled-tail-off tiger and white shrimp were evaluated by a machine vision procedure. The experimental weight and view area were correlated by three different equations (linear, power, and forced-power curves) to find the best correlation. The pixel intesities as it relates to lightness-darkness values were also correlated to see if different forms and species could be distinguished by this method. Data, equations and statistics for the correlations are presented.     

Relationship between Olsen P and Ammonium Lactate–Extractable P in Portuguese Acid Soils

The soil phosphorus (P) test in Portugal is based on extraction with ammonium lactate (AL) at acidic pH. Because this test is rarely used in other countries, it is desirable to see whether the AL-P values correlate with the more commonly used P tests. In this work, we compared AL-P with bicarbonate-extractable P (Olsen's method) for a group of 48 samples from Portuguese acidic soils differing widely in P status. Despite their contrasting composition, both reagents extracted phosphate from the same sources, albeit in different proportions. Both Olsen P and AL-P were strongly correlated with resin-extractable and dilute electrolyte-desorbable P, which are respectively related to the soil contents in phytoavailable P and P that can be released to runoff or drainage water. Olsen P and AL-P were strongly correlated (R² = 0.870), the correlation became stronger when three overfertilized soils were excluded (Olsen P = 2.35 + 0.45 AL-P; R² = 0.908; P ≤ 0.001, n = 45). No correlation was observed for a group of soils recently fertilized with Gafsa phosphate probably because the acidic AL reagent dissolved residual calcium phosphate, thus overestimating the soil content in desorbable P. On the basis of the present results and the AL-P-based fertility classes used for fertilizer recommendation purposes, Olsen P–based fertility classes were tentatively proposed for Portuguese acidic soils.     

用最大熵法进行沥青路面工程实例的结构可靠性分析

结合工程实例以蒙特卡罗分析法为基本出发点,首先通过计算机根据弯沉和弯拉应力的功能函数来生成1000个功能函数的一个随机抽样,然后用大熵法拟合沥青路面的弯沉功能函数的密度函数,求出两种失效模式的失效概率。同时,把整个路段看作是一个由弯沉失效和弯拉应力失效的两种失效模式串联组成的网络系统,对整个系统进行了可靠性评估。     

原木截面形状扫描参数的计算

利用激光扫描技术得到原木截面的基本参数,通过计算得到比较精确的原木截面形状,在整根原木上进行周期扫描从而得到整根原木的形状参数。     

地下水-土系统中苯并三唑去除方法研究

含苯并三唑的地下水很难用常规的水污染处理方法去除,因此迫切需要探讨它在地下水-土系统中有效的去除方法。详细介绍了吸附法、光激发氧化法和生物法,并且针对这些方法应用到地下水中的可行性进行了分析。结果表明,吸附法受到环境因素的限制,并会发生缓慢的解析过程,需进一步探索和完善;光激发氧化法去除效果较好但仍处于探索阶段,需改善耗费较多人力、物力、财力的缺点。目前的生物法很难对苯并三唑进行降解,尚需要进一步的研究。     

基于项目的模拟电子技术课程教学模式研究

以《模拟电子技术》课程为对象,对基于项目的教学模式进行了探讨,主要提出了项目法教学的研究内容及需要解决的关键问题,并给出了具体的实施办法。     

几种常见食用菌胞外酶活性测定方法的研究

食用菌胞外酶活性的变化规律与食用菌生长发育有着密切的关系,能在一定程度上检测菌种老化、退化和不利变异带来的危害。对近年来常见的几种食用菌胞外酶活性测定方法进行了总结与分析,简略的讨论了各种胞外酶活性测定方法的利弊,为快速检测食用菌胞外酶提供理论依据。     

马尾松不同抚育方式对林地生产的影响

对马尾松幼林采用全面劈草、全面劈草局部松土、全面除草松土3种抚育方式对林地植被生长、表层土壤变化及幼林生长的影响进行研究,结果表明:植被覆盖率、植被枯落物随抚育强度提高而降低,而土壤侵蚀则随抚育强度提高而增强,马尾松幼林生长与抚育强度提高成正比.在南方马尾松集约经营的山区,宜提倡带状抚育,既可促进幼林生长,又能维护地力.     

我国中部地区农业生产效率评价

通过DEA数据包络分析方法和曼奎斯特生产效率指数分析了2004～2008年中部地区9个省区农业生产效率的变化,探讨了中部地区一些省份农业生产效率低下的原因及提高的途径。