农业科技服务促进了农户绿色生产技术采纳吗?——基于激励措施的调节效应

基于陕西省猕猴桃主产区的微观调查数据，采用倾向得分匹配法构建反事实框架，考察农业科技服务对农户绿色生产技术采纳的影响及激励措施的调节效应。结果表明：农业科技服务对农户绿色生产技术采纳具有显著而稳健的促进作用，且参与户的绿色生产技术采纳程度比未参与户高12.39%;基于供给主体差异视角，不同农业科技服务供给主体对农户绿色生产技术采纳的促进作用由大到小依次为政府部门、农业企业、涉农高校；农业科技服务对农户绿色生产技术采纳的影响存在绿色生产技术异质性与群组异质性；激励措施正向调节农业科技服务对农户绿色生产技术采纳的影响，调节效应依次为社会激励、市场激励、政府激励。     

Green space type and healthy ageing in place: An Australian longitudinal study

Research on the health benefits of people’s long-term exposure to green space is lacking. Addressing this emerging topic, this study uncovers the association of green space types with a person’s healthy ageing score (HAS). We investigated the association with HAS by continuous exposure to various green space types for two years. Green space types include tree canopy, low-lying vegetation and open grass percentage within 1.6-km road network distance buffers at baseline and second follow-up. Healthy ageing outcomes included functional capacity, resilience and HAS while accounting for relocation. This is a longitudinal study of a cohort of 22,715 New South Wales residents aged over 45 who participated in the Sax Institute’s 45 and Up Study living in Sydney, Wollongong and Newcastle. Longitudinal models of healthy ageing on green space types were fit with controls for socioeconomic confounders. Women who did not relocate were associated with a lower functional capacity (β; 95%CI: −0.10; −0.15,−0.05) and higher resilience (0.11; 0.08, 0.14) compared to those who relocated. Apart from age, personal characteristics did not explain the variation in healthy ageing outcomes for participants who moved. For participants who did not relocate, 30% grass cover was associated with decreased functional capacity (−0.22; −0.41,−0.04) and HAS (−0.31; −0.56,−0.05). Also, 5–9% low-lying vegetation was associated with a decline in functional capacity (−0.09; −0.15, −0.03) and HAS (−0.09; −0.17, −0.01) of participants who stayed but improved resilience (0.28; 0.01, 0.55) of participants who relocated. Green space comprising over 30% tree cover appeared most beneficial for functional capacity (0.42; 0.31, 0.53), resilience (0.19; 0.13, 0.25) and HAS (0.60; 0.45, 0.75). For participants who relocated, over 30% tree canopy was associated with improved functional capacity (0.33; 0.54, 0.62) but not resilience or their HAS. Increased neighbourhood tree canopy supports healthy ageing. Older people should be supported to live in-home or move into nearby residential care and maintain regular contact with green spaces and trees, to maximise potential benefits for health and wellbeing.     

26例犬免疫介导性血小板减少症回顾性分析

旨在调查犬免疫介导性血小板减少症(immune thrombocytopenia，ITP)的发病和治疗情况，并探讨预后相关因素。本研究自2018―2019年于中国农业大学动物医院接诊的病例中筛选出26例符合要求的ITP病例，记录患犬的基本信息、临床表现、实验室检查结果以及治疗和预后情况，并进行统计学分析。结果显示，贵宾犬为主要的发病品种(58%)；伊文氏综合征(Evans syndrome)与诊断后短期内(14 d)死亡显著相关(P=0.02)；初诊时，所有患犬皆具有出血的临床表现，根据一种新型犬ITP出血评估工具(DOGiBAT)所得出的评分范围为3~10分，其中,评分>5的患犬与诊断后短期内死亡显著相关(P=0.03)，提示出血评分对判断疾病转归有一定的指导意义。此外，出血评分>5的犬C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein, CRP)检测结果显著高于出血评分≤5的犬(P=0.01)，初步提示CRP具有辅助判断ITP严重程度的意义。本研究建议在评估ITP预后时引入出血评分工具，相比单一的临床表现更能量化疾病的严重程度，并提供可靠的预后判断。     

复合微生物对四环素胁迫下多花黑麦草苗期生长和生理特性的影响

为探究复合微生物菌剂对非生物胁迫下多花黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum)的作用效果，本试验以不同浓度(0，50，100，150mg·L^-1)四环素胁迫下多花黑麦草为研究材料，探讨四环素胁迫下添加复合微生物菌剂(MI)对多花黑麦草生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明：添加菌剂(MI)能够增加四环素胁迫下多花黑麦草幼苗根长芽长，增加叶绿素含量、株高根长及地上地下生物量，改善根尖细胞数量及形态，改善根系性状，增加抗氧化酶(SOD,POD及CAT)活性，降低细胞相对电导率及丙二醛(MDA)含量。因此，添加复合微生物强化了多花黑麦草对四环素的降解作用，菌剂对四环素胁迫下多花黑麦草的生长发育具有促进作用，并对四环素胁迫造成的细胞损伤具有修复作用，菌剂的添加提高了多花黑麦草的抗四环素胁迫能力。     

柴油机缸体异型结构共线复合加工

柴油机缸体是柴油机中精度要求高、加工工序多的关键部件之一，常规加工中关键工序采用加工中心等高精设备加工，精度要求一般、数量众多、非常规角度等影响加工中心节拍的工序，大多采用专用组合机床加工的形式加工。针对柴油机缸体常规加工工序中遗留部位的集成加工问题，设计了一套异型结构共线复合加工形式，实现4、6缸柴油机7种型号缸体的钻孔、攻丝、镗车端面等加工，并配有4、6缸缸体共线加工专用的自动夹具和自动移位输送机构。生产实践证明，该加工形式精简了工艺流程，减少自动加工线的设备数量，刀辅具设计经济合理，自动化夹具操作便捷，加工精度满足工艺要求。      

电子耳标空中接口参数测试的实验室间比对结果及分析

电子耳标一方面可满足农业部对个体动物的唯一标识和疫病追溯要求；另一方面可携带个体动物从出生到屠宰整个生命周期所有关键信息,满足农场信息化管理需求,实现精细化饲养的目的,对其进行空中接口参数测试可确保其与识读器正常通讯。通过实验室间比对,可对空中接口参数测试比对结果进行统计分析,发现实验室存在的问题,进一步提高检测水平。2021年,中国兽医药品监察所组织三家机构共同开展了电子耳标空中接口参数测试的实验室间比对工作,并依据Z比分数统计法对检测结果进行了分析,分析结果显示：59组数据为满意；1组数据为有问题；0组数据为不满意,总体上看测试结果一致性较好。