木材用淀粉基复合胶黏剂的制备与性能

采用次氯酸钠对玉米淀粉进行氧化制备淀粉胶黏剂,再用功能内交联剂(异氰酸酯)共混改性制备淀粉基复合胶黏剂。考查了复合胶黏剂体系的pH、PVA质量分数与用量、淀粉用量、异氰酸酯加入比例对淀粉基复合胶黏剂胶接性能的影响。胶接实验结果表明:利用变性的氧化淀粉,PVA质量分数为10%,PVA加入比例为3/5,淀粉与水比为3/8时,获得最佳的胶结强度和耐水性能。采用XPS分析胶层化学结构,结果表明:异氰酸酯与淀粉胶黏剂、木材中的羟基反应形成化学键结合是提高胶接强度和耐水性关键所在。所制得的改性淀粉胶黏剂性能更加优异,符合Ⅱ类胶合板的使用要求。     

Low quality of evidence for glucosamine‐based nutraceuticals in equine joint disease: Review of in vivo studies

Nutraceuticals are increasingly applied to the management of equine arthritis and joint disease, particularly those based upon glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate. While the first report of using glucosamine in horses appeared more than 25 years ago, it was not until 1992 that isolated studies began to be reported. Since that time, 15 in vivo papers have been published in the equine literature, usually on products already commercially available and often seeking evidence for efficacy. These studies demonstrate an encouraging trend to manufacturers of these products investing in research, but most do not meet a quality standard that provides sufficient confidence in the results reported. This review discusses the entirety of published in vivo research on glucosamine‐based nutraceuticals (GBN) for horses, including that on Cosequin, Cortaflex, Synequin, Sasha's EQ, Myristol, chondroitin sulphate, glucosamine sulphate and glucosamine hydrochloride; and considers experimental limitations of this research along with their impact on interpretation of results. A quality score was calculated for each paper according to preset quality criteria. A minimum quality standard of 60% was set as the threshold for confidence in interpretation of results. Of the 15 papers reviewed, only 3 met the minimum quality standard. Experimental limitations of each research paper are discussed. It is concluded that the quality of studies in this area is generally low, prohibiting meaningful interpretation of the reported results. New high quality research on GBN for horses is needed and recommendations for future research are discussed.     

铜川地区耕地土壤质量的初步评价

以陕西省煤炭基地的铜川市为研究对象,采集70个耕地样品,分析土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷等理化性质,并采用相关和主成分分析法对供试土壤的质量进行初步评价.结果表明,铜川市土壤有机质含量、碱解氮、速效磷含量均维持在较低水平,尚不能满足农业生产的需要,需采取合适措施进行培肥；钾含量稳中有升；土壤中的硫素不缺乏；主成分分析构建...     

语音识别技术在试卷统分登分中的应用

 语音识别技术应用于试卷的统分和登分,在提高工作效率的同时保障了统分登分的准确性,并为全面的试卷分析提供了数据支持。介绍了基于语音识别技术的试卷统分登分系统的设计与实现,对一些关键技术和问题进行探讨。     

复合添加剂在优质松香酯生产中的应用研究

采用添加复合添加剂的方法改进松香酯的工业生产。测试结果表明，该产品的色泽比国家标准为浅，在耐热和抗氧化性等方面也有所提高，产品的综合性能达到国际同类产品的水平。     

几种保鲜药剂组合对月季切花保鲜效果的影响

在浓度0.01% 葡萄糖下,6种杀菌剂与3种生长调节剂的相互配合使用,对月季切花进行了瓶插处理。采用定性与定量相结合的办法,通过比较各种组合下综合分与瓶插寿命的大小,设计出两种优良的保鲜剂型,并对切花保鲜的各指标进行了分析。     

Genetic mapping and QTL analysis of fruit and flower related traits in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) using recombinant inbred lines

A set of 224 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a narrow cross between two fresh eaten types (S94 (Northern China type) × S06 (Northern European type)) (Cucumis sativus L.) was used to construct a genetic linkage map. With the RILs a 257-point genetic map was constructed including 206 SRAPs, 22 SSRs, 25 SCARs, 1 STS, and three economically important morphological markers (small spines (ss), uniform immature fruit color (u), dull fruit skin (D)). The seven linkage groups covered 1005.9 cM with a mean marker interval of 3.9 cM. The ss locus was linked to D and u, and they were all on Linkage group 6. The RIL map contained a total of 51 sequence-specific markers, which made possible the comparison of molecular linkage maps developed in different laboratories. Using the F_6:7 derived families, a total of 78 QTLs were detected with relatively high LOD scores (2.9–84.4) for nine fruit-related traits (fruit weight, length, and diameter, fruit flesh thickness, seed-cavity diameter, fruit-stalk length, fruit pedicel length, length/diameter and length/stalk ratio) and three flower-related traits (first flower node, first female flower node and female flower ratios). Several sequence-anchor markers (CSWCT25, CS30, CMBR41, CS08 etc.) were closely linked with some QTLs for fruit weight, fruit length, fruit flesh thickness and sex expression, which can be used for the future marker-assisted selection to improve the fruit traits in cucumber breeding. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. X. J. Yuan and J. S. Pan contributed equally to this investigation.     

复合改良物料对滨海盐土的改土降盐效果与综合评价

为实现泥质滨海盐土低成本快速脱盐后种植经济作物,本研究以磷石膏、牛粪、腐殖酸和玉米秸秆为复合改良物料的原料,利用了"深翻耕、浅改良、高垄作、少滴灌"农艺措施和耐盐植物梯次种植的生物措施,采取L16(45)正交设计开展试验研究,系统分析了不同复合改良物料对泥质滨海重盐土的改土降盐和对经济作物黄蜀葵的增产效果;应用模糊数学评判原理与方法,综合评价了各复合改良物料的改土降盐与增产效应,确定出适合滨海泥质盐土应用的优选复合改良物料。结果表明:在"翻耕40cm,改良30cm,起垄15cm,滴灌土壤基质势控制在?10kPa,前茬种植田菁"的综合农艺措施条件下,本研究中物料成本在2.55～6.01元?m?2的各复合改良物料对泥质滨海盐土均有显著的改土降盐效果,0～10cm土层土壤盐分含量均由10.86g·kg?1下降到2.0 g·kg?1以下, 10～20 cm土层土壤盐分含量下降到2.5 g·kg?1以下; 0～10 cm土层土壤有机质增加到12 g·kg?1以上,土壤碱解氮和有效磷含量提升明显,土壤大团聚体含量增加2.41～7.62倍。以土壤盐分含量、pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、微团聚体为评价指标,结合物料成本,筛选出适宜于滨海泥质重盐渍土的最优复合改良物料:22 500 kg·hm?2磷石膏+105 m3·hm?2有机肥+3 750 kg·hm?2腐殖酸+45 m3·hm?2玉米秸秆,该最优复合物料应用两年后,土壤有机质、碱解氮含量最高,与对照相比分别增加181.87%和130.52%,物料施用成本仅4.05元?m?2。     

中医耳穴压籽法联合穴位电生理对消化系统癌痛的改善作用

目的 探讨中医耳穴压籽法联合穴位电生理在消化系统癌痛治疗中的应用效果。方法 纳入本院2014年11月至2017年11月收治的消化系统癌痛患者112例,利用随机数字表法分成对照组、观察组各56例。对照组采用穴位电生理治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合中医耳穴压籽法治疗,两组治疗时间为4周。观察两组患者治疗后临床效果,并比较两组患者治疗前后每日疼痛持续时间、数字疼痛评分法（numerical rating scale,NRS）评分的变化,采用欧洲五维健康量表（European quality of life 5-dimensions,EQ-5D）评价两组治疗前后的生存质量,记录患者不良反应发生率。结果 观察组总有效率为96.43%,高于对照组的83.93%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组治疗后的疼痛持续时间、NRS评分小于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组治疗后的自我照顾能力、焦虑/抑郁、疼痛评分较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组不良反应发生率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 中医耳穴压籽法联合穴位电生理刺激治疗能缓解消化系统癌痛患者的疼痛感,缩短疼痛持续时间,提高生存质量,且优于单用穴位电生理治疗,值得临床推广。     

熊果酸对胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠关节炎症相关因子mRNA表达的影响

目的 研究熊果酸（ursolic acid,UA）对胶原诱导性关节炎（collageninduced arthritis,CIA）大鼠关节X线及关节炎症相关因子mRNA表达的影响。方法 SD大鼠采取皮下注射牛Ⅱ型胶原加弗氏不完全佐剂法建立CIA模型,取造模成功后大鼠随机分为CIA模型组、UA低剂量组、UA高剂量组、甲氨喋呤（methotrexate,MTX）组、UA+MTX组并予以对应干预。另取6只正常大鼠为对照的空白组。初次免疫30 d断颈处死大鼠,关节行X线摄片,再取下大鼠炎症关节组织匀浆,提取RNA,荧光定量PCR法检测IL-17A、IL-10、IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β、TGF-β的mRNA表达。结果 与CIA模型组相比,UA高剂量组、MTX组、UA+MTX组X线评分减低（P<0.05或P<0.01）;各治疗组IL-17A、IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β的mRNA表达降低（P<0.01或P<0.05）;各治疗组IL-10、TGF-β因子的mRNA表达增高（P<0.01或P<0.05）。结论 UA可明显缓解CIA大鼠关节炎症,改善关节X线评分,其机制可能与调节炎症因子的产生,维持组织促炎因子与抑炎因子的平衡有关。