矮牵牛Tidal Wave品种遗传转化受体再生体系的建立

以矮牵牛Tidal Wave品种无菌苗叶片为外植体,在附加不同质量浓度激素的MS基本培养基上诱导培养,通过器官发生途径获得再生植株。在附加3.0mg/LBA、0.3mg/LNAA的培养基上获得了90%以上芽的再生率。再生芽在附加0.02mg/LNAA、1.0mg/LKT、5.0mg/LGA3的培养基上发育良好。在3种选择抗生素的筛选中发现,叶片对潮霉素和庆大霉素较为敏感,这2种抗生素质量浓度为5mg/L时,2周内可将外植体全部杀死;而卡那霉素质量浓度达到15mg/L时,芽分化才被完全抑制。因此可确定卡那霉素为理想的选择抗生素,其选择压质量浓度为15mg/L。2种抑菌抗生素中,头孢霉素对叶片再生影响较大;而250mg/L的羧苄青霉素能有效地抑制农杆菌菌株LBA4404的生长,却对矮牵牛叶片的芽分化影响不大,为适宜的抑菌抗生素。     

Environmental beliefs and farm practices of New Zealand farmers Contrasting pathways to sustainability

Sustainable farming, and waysto achieve it, are important issues foragricultural policy. New Zealand provides aninteresting case for examining sustainableagriculture options because gene technologieshave not been commercially released and thereis a small but rapidly expanding organicsector. There is no strong governmentsubsidization of agriculture, so while policiesseem to favor both options to some degree,neither has been directly supported. Resultsfrom a survey of 656 farmers are used to revealthe intentions, environmental values, andfarming practices for organic, conventional,and GE intending farmers. The results show thatorganic and conventional farmers are relativelysimilar but contrast to GE intending farmers,especially with respect to perceivedconsequences of each technology. While 75%of farmers have not yet made a commitmentto either technology, one fifth were GEintending and one quarter may become organic.Organic farmers have different attitudes tonature, matched in part by conventionalfarmers. In terms of policy for sustainableagriculture, the results suggest that organicand conventional farmers are incrementallymoving towards agroecological sustainabilitywhile GE intending farmers are committed tointensive production methods of which GEproducts are potentially important. GEintending farmers reject incrementalism infavor of a revolutionary technological fix forsustainability concerns in agriculture.Overall, the results show that there areclearly two different paradigms ofsustainability among farmers. Policies that areseeking to achieve sustainable agriculture needto address the tensions that span the differentparadigms.     

甘蓝型杂交油菜农艺性状分析及育种主攻目标确定

通过对甘蓝型杂交油菜各性状的相关分析 ,比较杂交油菜与常规油菜各性状差异 ,确定了杂交油菜育种主攻目标     

推进现代农业建设背景下多功能农业发展分析

农业的多功能性是指农业在供给农产品外,还具有社会、文化、生态等功能.农业的多功能性是农业及其发展的客观属性,它最终来源于土地的多效用性,并由土地资源边际效用所决定的土地价值来衡量.开发农业的多种功能,其根本目的在于巩固和强化农业的战略地位,适应经济社会发展对农业不断提出的新需求.发挥农业多功能性是推进现代农业建设的必然选择,是实现农业可持续发展的客观要求.我国在发展多功能农业的时候,要深刻理解农业的自然性和社会性,准确把握经济社会发展对农业不断增长的需求,坚持从自然资源、生态环境和现实国情出发,统筹兼顾,因地制宜,不断巩固、强化和完善农业的经济性功能和社会性功能,努力提高农业的现代化水平.     

"十一五"上海郊区农民住房建设政策措施研究

依据上海市推进“三个集中”的部署,提供了“十一五”期间推进上海郊区农民集中居住住房建设的政策措施,指出了推进农民集中居住住房建设的切入点。     

粒用菜豆种质资源芽期抗旱性研究

对６１５份粒用菜豆资源采用蔗糖高渗溶液鉴定法，筛选出高度抗旱优异资源１４份，对不同省（区）资源的抗旱性分布及优异资源的生物学性状进行了论述，阐明了抗旱性与生态环境及性状间的关系。     

Distribution of Grain Hardness in Chinese Wheats and Genetic Analysis

A hundred winter wheat and 41 spring wheat cultivars and advanced lines were used to investigate the distribution of grain hardness in Chinese wheats and correlations between grain hardness and other kernel traits. P1, P2, F1, F2 and F3 from three crosses, i. e. , Liken2/Yumai2, 85Zhong33/Wenmai6 and 85Zhong33/95Zhong459 were sown to study the genetics of grain hardness. Significant correlation was observed between hardness measured by Single Kernel Characteristic System 4100 (SKCS 4100) and Near Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy, r ranging from 0. 85 to 0.94. Chinese wheat is a mixed population in terms of hardness, ranging from very soft to very hard. For autumn-sown wheat, on average, grain hardness decreases from north to south and spring-sown wheat is dominant with hard type. Hardness is negatively associated with flour color, and its associations with flour yield and ash content differ in winter and spring wheats. Grain hardness is controlled by a major gene and several minor genes with additive effect mostly, but dominant effect is also observed, with heritability of 0.78.     

蔺草若干生物学特性及高产栽培技术研究

蔺草是典型的水田作物,具有完整的通气组织,但幼根与根茎主要靠辐射状排列的皮层薄壁细胞间隙通气。蔺草分蘖发生符合F_n=F_(n-1)+F_(n-3)的规律。花器官分化开始于开花前2～3个月,可分为花序原基出现、花序原基分化、小花原基分化与雌雄蕊原基分化四个时期。蔺草在全国约有十万亩面积,各种植地区均有相应的栽培技术体系。几年来我们总结形成了一套符合本市若干地区的蔺草栽培技术,在协作基点运用过程中取得了明显的增产效果。     

草鱼、鲤、鲢、鳙和尼罗非鲫脂肪酶活性的比较研究

草鱼和鲤肝胰脏脂肪酶活性明显比肠道的高(P<0.025);鲢和鳙肝胰脏脂肪酶活性明显低于肠道的(P<0.025);尼罗非鲫肝胰脏和肠的脂肪酶活性几乎相等(P>0.05),而胃脂肪酶活性明显比肝胰脏和肠道的低(P<0.005)。五种鱼的肝胰脏脂肪酶活性由高到低的顺序为:草鱼>尼罗非鲫>鲤>鳙>鲢;肠脂肪酶活性由高到低的顺序为:鲢>鳙>尼罗非鲫>草鱼>鲤。结果表明:鱼类的食性与脂肪酶活性无明显相关。草鱼、鲢和鳙的肠脂肪酶活性,中肠略高于前肠和后肠;尼罗非鲫和鲤的肠脂肪酶活性由前往后逐渐下降。