不同接种浓度对野油菜黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种胞外多糖突变体致病性的影响

利用转座子 Tn5gus A5诱变和标记置换方法 ,构建了野油菜黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种( Xanthomonas campestris pv.campestris)系列标记置换突变体 ,其中 6个突变体的胞外多糖产量显著降低。致病试验结果表明 ,胞外多糖产量对 Xcc的致病性有明显的影响 ,不同接种浓度对 Xcc胞外多糖突变体致病性亦有明显影响。     

苹果砧木耐盐突变体的筛选鉴定及RAPD分析

对由诱变获得的苹果砧木78-48耐盐变异细胞系再生植株进行多代盐筛选,获得耐盐性稳定的突变体。并对突变体进行了RAPD分析,153个引物中有36个引物扩增出多态性,证明突变体在基因上发生了变化,为耐盐突变体的真实性提供了证据。     

In vitro selection for oleic and linoleic acid content in segregating populations of microspore derived embryos of Brassica napus

Microspore derived embryos (MDEs) in Brassica napuscontain large amounts of storage lipids which show a genotype specific fatty acid composition (FAC). One cotyledon of regenerating emblyos can be dissected at an early stage during the in vitro culture and used for fatty acid analysis. Thus, in breeding programmes to modify oil quality, only MDEs having the desired FAC need to be regenerated to plantlets and transferred to the greenhouse. In the present study the applicability of this method for the selection of a high oleic acid content and a low linoleic acid content in the seed oil has been tested by crossing a Brassica napus mutant line having a high oleic acid (C18:1) content in the seed oil (75%) with a wild type doubled haploid line with 62% C18:1 in the seed oil. Microspore culture was applied to the F1 plants. In total 59 MDEs were obtained, from which 31 were cultured with and 28 without 15μM abscisic acid for 3 weeksin vitro. One cotyledon was dissected under aspetic conditions and used for fatty acid analysis. The remaining part of the embryos were further regenerated to plantlets and transferred to the greenhouse to obtain seeds after self pollination. Seeds harvested from the doubled haploid lines in the greenhouse were used for fatty acid analysis and also for growing in the field. The abscisic acid treatment of the MDEs generally improved the correlations for linoleic and oleic acid between the MDEs and the seeds harvested in the greenhouse and the field. The correlations ranged from 0.68** to 0.81**.This indicates that selection for high oleic acid can be started already during an early stage of the in vitro culture. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

水稻体细胞无性系雄性不育突变

对5个类型的水稻不育系进行了幼穗培养, 在红源A、 包源A和W6154s中, 共获得了10例雄 性不育变异株, 水稻花粉败育可分为无花粉、 典败、 圆败和染败四种类型。 发现了不育 花粉败育类型之间可以相互转换现象。 对雄性不育变异株用一批现有CMS不育系的保持系和恢复系进行测交和回交, 有的变异株其 恢保关系发生了变化,     

无硫复合护色剂处理的干制苹果片中差异蛋白表达的分析

[目的]分析经无硫复合护色剂处理的苹果片在干制后差异蛋白的表达情况。[方法]采用无标记(Label-free)定量蛋白质组学技术对复合护色剂处理的干制苹果片进行蛋白质组学研究,探讨蛋白质组表达水平的差异。所提取的蛋白质样品经酶解、色谱质谱检测分析,用Label-free定性定量软件maxquant(1.5.0.12)结合搜库定性软件Andromeda,对每个样本进行定性定量,通过蛋白质相对定量的比较寻找差异表达蛋白。[结果]与非处理苹果片相比,差异蛋白总数为909个,上调差异蛋白质319个,下调差异蛋白质590个;生物学过程主要集中在代谢过程、细胞过程。分子功能主要在绑定、催化活性、能量代谢等部分。细胞组件主要集中在细胞膜相关的部件。[结论]该研究可为解析复合护色剂处理后干制苹果片中次生代谢物差异的成因及其抑制褐变的蛋白质机制提供参考。     

甘薯耐旱突变体的离体筛选与鉴定

 以甘薯品种栗子香为材料 ,用PEG6 0 0 0作为耐旱性突变体离体筛选的选择剂 ,将栗子香胚性悬浮细胞培养在含有 0～ 35 % (w/v)PEG6 0 0 0和 2 .0mg·L-12 ,4 D的液体MS培养基中。结果表明 ,甘薯耐旱性离体筛选的适宜选择压为 30 %PEG6 0 0 0。采用多步选择法 ,在含有 30 %PEG6 0 0 0和 2 .0mg·L-12 ,4 D的液体MS培养基中对经 80Gyγ射线辐照的栗子香胚性悬浮细胞进行离体筛选 ,获得了 2 0个耐旱性小细胞团。将这些小细胞团转移到添加2 .0mg·L-12 ,4 D的固体MS培养基上 ,获得了耐旱胚性愈伤组织 ,并形成体细胞胚。将具有体细胞胚的胚性愈伤组织进一步转移到添加 1.0mg·L-1ABA的MS培养基上 ,体细胞胚发芽形成完整植株 ,共获得 18株再生植株。将获得的 18株再生植株移栽到温室 ,获得 11个株系。用苗期干旱处理、叶片保水力及耐旱系数等指标对这 11个株系进行耐旱性分析 ,其中 3个株系的耐旱性显著高于对照。     

丁香叶片叶绿素S_(P,A,D)值颜色与空间分布特征

以丁香(Syringa Linn.)为研究对象,在选定合适丁香植株叶片后,采集和测定叶片不同部位叶绿素S_(P,A,D)值,利用Photoshop软件和MAPGIS软件,分析了叶片S_(P,A,D)值的颜色特征和空间分布特征。研究发现:生长期叶片的S_(P,A,D)值与颜色参数R(红)、G(绿)、V(明度)均呈极显著负相关,而与参数H(色调)呈极显著正相关;生长期同一叶片不同部位的叶绿素S_(P,A,D)值存在明显差异,且阴面叶片S_(P,A,D)值的空间分布与阳面叶片不同;落叶期丁香叶片叶绿素S_(P,A,D)值出现明显的下降,其中叶尖部位下降较为明显。     

河北省小麦面粉及加工制品色泽研究

为了给小麦品质育种及加工提供参考,系统研究了河北省推广小麦品种面粉及加工制品的色泽状况,并进行了相关性分析。结果表明,河北省小麦面粉样品白度值平均为76.19％,变幅为73.67％～81.17％; L_*值平均为95.76, 变幅为94.53~96.67,a_*值平均为0.56, 变幅为0.25~0.79,b_*值平均为8.79, 变幅为6.64~10.67;加工成生面片后样品L_*值下降,a_*、b_*值上升,制成熟面片后样品L_*、a_*值整体下降,b_*值略有上升;河北省小麦面粉样品色泽在红-绿方向都略偏向红色,在黄-蓝方向都偏向黄色;同时各小麦品种的面粉及加工成生、熟面片的L_*、a_*、b_*值之间存在差异,其中面粉的b_*值与其色泽相关性最大。     

Recovery and characterization of asexual recombinants ofMagnaporthe grisea

Eleven nitrate non-utilizing (nit) mutants were recovered from six field isolates ofMagnaporthe grisea that had different degrees of sensitivity to the blasticide kitazin P (iprobenfos, IBP). Allnit mutants were resistant to chlorate and there were no significant differences in hyphal growth rate, conidial production, sensitivity to IBP, and pathogenicity betweennit mutants and their parent isolates.nit phenotypes and IBP-resistance were used as two independent genetic markers to study asexual recombination inM. grisea. Asexual recombinants were recovered from the heterokaryotic mycelium of three inter-strain pairings, namely, DY2-3(nitl-LR) + A7-3 (nitM-S); A7-3 (nitM-S) + F4-2 (nitl-MR); and F4-2 (nitl-MR) + DY2-4 (nitA-LR), at a frequency of 7.31%, 14.00% and 8.63%, respectively. The growth rate, conidial production and pathogenicity of asexual recombinants were similar to those of parental strains. We concluded that asexual recombination resulting from hyphal fusion might contribute to variability inM. grisea. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 14, 2005.     

栽培种培养时间对真姬菇产量和质量的影响

研究了栽培种培养时间对真姬菇搔菌后气生菌丝恢复生长、料面转色、现蕾和子实体发育的影响，发现培养75d的处理C和培养83d的处理D的现蕾情况最好，菇形最佳，产量最高，16瓶产量分别达2．261kg和2．364kg；培养61d的处理A和培养67d的处理B现蕾情况不好，子实体发育迟缓，栽培瓶之间差异较大；培养92d的处理E现蕾情况良好，但是在栽培后期易受杂菌污染。