光唇鱼网箱养殖试验

网箱单养、混养光唇鱼的试验结果表明,在25m2网箱中,单养光唇鱼以200～220尾/m2的放养密度比较合适,单位面积产量可达12.7～12.9 kg/m2;瓯江彩鲤网箱中混养光唇鱼,在瓯江彩鲤保持180尾/m2的放养密度不变的情况下,混养20尾/m2的光唇鱼,其效果比单养瓯江彩鲤更好,单位面积产量可达103.2kg/m2.     

红鳍笛鲷网箱养殖风险防范对策及经济效益分析

本文从红鳍笛鲷的生态习性、病害防治及市场风险三方面提出其在福建省东南部、广东东北部海域进行网箱养殖的风险防范对策:准确把握市场供求信息,在红鳍笛鲷的适宜生长温度范围18.0～33.0℃投放一定数量体长5.0cm以上鱼苗,每日投喂2～3次,日投喂量为鱼体重的5.0～7.0%,养殖过程中严格日常管理,及时发现及防治病害.作者于2004～2006年在厦门浏五店海域开展试验,经170天养殖可达商品??(450g以上),成活率85.3～91.5%,利润率18.8～72.1%.     

基因枪转化的bar基因表达盒在水稻中的重组结构

应用Southern杂交和引物组合PCR技术研究了基因枪转化的bar基因表达盒（包括启动子、编码区和终止子）在水稻（Oryza sativa L.）中的重组结构。bar基因表达盒的多个拷贝通过重组连接形成1～3个转基因串联子,彼此邻近整合在受体基因组内一个较大的染色体区域,不同转基因串联子之间由水稻基因组DNA间隔,形成转基因簇。bar基因表达盒形成转基因串联子时,存在头接头、头接尾、尾接尾3种连接方式,通常伴随着bar基因片段的截短。     

利用小麦660K SNP芯片分析川麦44在其衍生后代中的遗传贡献

为明确小麦骨干亲本川麦44的遗传特性,利用小麦660K SNP芯片对川麦44及其衍生品种进行解析。结果表明,川麦44在6个衍生品种中的遗传贡献率为23.77%～72.63%,平均为48.58%,衍生品种存在遗传偏亲现象。川麦44特异性标记在不同染色体和染色体组中分布不均匀,衍生品种中特异性标记数具有B染色体组A染色体组D染色体组的共同特征。在除1B和6A外的染色体上,共筛选出52个川麦44高遗传率片段,片段长度为0.10～76.20 Mb,其中5B上的片段数量最多,累计长度最大。本研究结果为进一步明确骨干亲本川麦44的重要基因组区段及其功能奠定了基础。     

Dynamical analysis of net cage structures for marine aquaculture: Numerical simulation and model testing

A numerical model for analyzing dynamic properties of a net-cage system exposed in the open sea is proposed. The model is based on a lumped-mass method. In this model, the mooring lines are divided into linear elements and the net cage divided into several plane surface elements. The interconnected points or corners are called nodes or lumped-mass centers. The external force is calculated on each element and then equally distributed to its nodes. By adding the contributed forces from the neighboring elements, a system of motion equations for nodes is formed. The volume reduction coefficient of a net cage is estimated by the ratio of minimum volume of net cage during fluid and structure interaction to the original volume. In general, the numerical results are in good agreements with the experimental data. However, the results also show that if the Reynolds number is lower than the suggested range of 1400–1800, the numerical model may underestimate the environmental forces on a net-cage system.     

利用高密度SNP 遗传图谱定位小麦穗部性状基因

小麦穗部性状之间相关性密切, 其中穗粒数和千粒重是重要的产量构成要素, 挖掘与穗部性状相关联的基因位点对分子标记辅助育种及解释基因效应具有重要意义。本研究以RIL群体(山农01-35×藁城9411) 173个F_8:9株系为材料, 利用90 k小麦SNP基因芯片、DArT芯片技术及传统的分子标记技术构建的高密度遗传图谱, 在5个环境下进行穗部相关性状QTL定位。检测到位于1B、4B、5B、6A染色体上7个控制千粒重的加性QTL, 解释表型变异率6.00%~36.30%, 加性效应均来自大粒母本山农01-35; 检测到8个控制穗长的加性QTL, 解释表型变异率14.34%~25.44%; 3个控制穗粒数的加性QTL; 5个控制可育小穗数的加性QTL; 3个控制不育小穗数的加性QTL, 贡献率为8.70%~37.70%; 4个控制总小穗数的加性QTL; 6个控制小穗密度的加性QTL。通过基因型与环境互作分析, 检测到32个加性QTL, 解释表型变异率0.05%~1.05%。在4B染色体区段EX_C101685–RAC875_C27536检测到控制粒重、穗长、穗粒数、可育小穗数、不育小穗数、总小穗数的一因多效QTL,其贡献率为5.40%~37.70%, 该位点在多个环境中被检测到, 是稳定主效QTL。在6A染色体wPt-0959-TaGw2-CAPS区间上检测到控制粒重、总小穗数的QTL。研究结果为穗部性状的分子标记开发、基因精细定位和功能基因克隆奠定了基础。     

基于滤食鱼类天然产力的安康库区生态负荷量测定

为厘清汉江水体鱼类集约养殖与生态负荷量的关系,测定安康库区滤食性鱼类天然鱼产力,测算Ⅱ类水质限定条件下的安康库区生态负荷量,并与以水体磷含量为标准的计算结果比较。结果表明,设定网箱深度3 m,单位水体生态负荷量为193.44 g/m³,总产量控制为10.47×10⁴ t。库区网养单产为100 kg/m³时,网箱养殖面积控制为1.93‰,网箱生态养殖面积与单位面积产量呈反比。     

肉桂挥发物顶空固相微萃取条件的正交优化

为探讨肉桂挥发物顶空固相微萃取采集的最优条件,采用L<,9>(3<'4>)正交设计方案,测定了萃取温度、萃取时间、热解吸时间和萃取头类型4个因素对于肉桂挥发物检出峰数量、萃取头吸附量和色谱峰分辨率的影响.结果表明,若色谱检出峰数量和吸附量2个评价指标为望大特性,应选择85μm PDMS萃取头,适当升高顶空萃取温度或者延...     

基于线阵CCD的油菜条播排种器播量在线监测装置的设计及试验

针对油菜条播机窝眼轮式排种器存在多粒种子同时下落难以监测的问题,设计加装了一种基于线阵CCD传感器的播量监测装置。监测装置发射端采用点光源,通过一组凸透镜形成由平行光线覆盖的种子监测区域,接收端采用线阵CCD传感器,通过实时监测像素值的连续变化,监测油菜种子播量,从而实现对播量的精确计量。运用室内试验台架,对窝眼轮式油菜排种器进行了单粒排种、排种计数、播量监测以及漏播和堵塞报警试验。结果表明:投种高度小于150 mm时,监测装置对单粒投种的监测准确率达100%;排种轴转速分别为20、30和40r/min时,监测装置对1000粒油菜种子计数的准确率分别为98.98%,98.26%和97.32%,对于5、10和20min连续排种播量计量的准确率均能达到97%以上。     

Influence of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement on gene expression profile of myocardium in rats

AIM:To investigate the influence of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement treatment on profile of gene expression in myocardium by cDNA microarray,and to characterize the targeting genes of estrogen.METHODS:cDNA microarray containing 1 400 rat cDNAs was used to study the genes differentially expressed in myocardium between sham (Ⅰ),ovariectomy (Ⅱ,OVX) and estrogen replacement treatment (Ⅲ,OVX+E2) group.Then down-regulated genes in myocardium of OVX rats were further confirmed by RT-PCR.RESULTS:177 genes were differentially expressed in myocardium between sham and OVX rats,with 91 genes up-regulated and 86 genes down-regulated in OVX rats.164 genes were differentially expressed in myocardium between OVX and OVX+E2 rats,with 113 genes up-regulated and 54 genes down-regulated in OVX rats.There were 54 genes differentially expressed in OVX compared to sham and OVX+E2.They are involved in membrane channels and transporters (18),cell receptors (9),intracellular transducers/effectors/modulator (7) and metabolism (6).Most of the genes (45) were down-regulated in OVX rats and up-regulated in OVX+E2 rats.RT-PCR test confirmed the results of cDNA microarray.CONCLUSIONS:Long-term estrogen replacement may influence the expression of genes involved in membrane channels and transporters,cell receptors,intracellular transducers/effectors/ modulator and metabolism.Long-term estrogen replacement has some beneficial effects on ionic concentration and cardiac function which partially comes from the results of influence of expression on Na+,K+-ATPase and Na+/H+ exchanger.Estrogen has an inhibitory effect on the expression of dopamine receptor,which partially clarify the myocardial protection of estrogen.