Vertical distribution of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus larvae in the southern part of the East China Sea

ABSTRACT:   The vertical distribution of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus larvae was described based on discrete depth sampling using a MTD net system from the surface down to 100 m depth at 13 stations in the southern East China Sea between 27 February and 10 March 2002. Of the 20 782 fish larvae collected, T. japonicus larvae were most abundant, accounting for 37.0% of the total catch. The average abundance of the larvae was 419.0 individuals/10 m², with the average (± standard deviation [SD]) body length of 2.6 ± 0.3 mm (range 1.8–7.5 mm). The larvae were concentrated in the mixed layer, with peak densities in the 10–30 m layer. The average (±SD) weighted mean depth was 21.5 ± 7.8 m. There was no evidence of either diel or ontogenetic vertical migration for the early larvae of <5 mm. More than 90% of the T. japonicus larvae were collected in the water temperature ranging from 21 to 23°C. Vertical profiles of the larval densities and chlorophyll a coincided with each other, which might reflect the abundance of their main prey organisms, copepod nauplii and copepodites, since copepod production is known to be closely related with the chlorophyll a concentration.     

苯并_a_芘对大弹涂鱼肝脏芳烃羟化酶活性的影响

研究了苯并(a)芘(BaP)胁迫下大弹涂鱼肝脏芳烃羟化酶(AHH)活性的变化,结果显示BaP对大弹涂鱼肝脏AHH活性总体表现为显著的诱导作用(P＜0.01),其中BaP暴露的浓度及时间是影响AHH活性的重要因素.0.05mg@L-1浓度的BaP暴露对AHH活性无显著影响,而0.2mg@L-1和0.5mg@L-1浓度组AHH活性则显著被诱导(P＜0.01).随着暴污时间的延长,0.2mg@L-1浓度组AHH活性被显著诱导(P＜0.01),而0.5mg@L-1组AHH活性则相对稳定.对AHH活性变化的剂量-效应关系进行回归分析的结果表明,0.5mg@L-1浓度组暴露7d时,AHH活性受到一定程度的抑制.污染解除后,0.5mg@L-1浓度组AHH活性显著降低,恢复至与对照组相近,表明大弹涂鱼肝脏仍具有较强的生理调节机能,同时也表明AHH活性可及时反映环境中BaP的水平.以上这些结果表明AHH适于作为大弹涂鱼受BaP胁迫的生物指标.     

狂犬病病毒感染对宿主miR-29a和miR-124表达的影响及其靶基因分析

依据本实验室前期狂犬病病毒(RABV)感染小鼠原代神经元microRNA(miRNA)表达谱数据,选取表达显著上调的miR-29a和下调miR-124为研究对象,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测目的 miRNA在RABV感染前后的小鼠原代神经元和小鼠海马组织内的表达变化。运用TargetScan数据库预测目的 miRNA潜在的靶基因,并对靶基因进行了GO(Gene Ontology)注释描述、GO注释富集分析和信号通路富集分析,富集结果呈现出数个与神经功能相关的GO注释和信号通路。本研究结果提示miR-29a和miR-124可能参与了RABV感染所致的宿主神经功能异常。     

苯并（a）芘对双齿围沙蚕抗氧化酶活性和细胞色素P450基因表达的影响

在实验室条件下,利用诱导试验分析了不同浓度苯并（ a）芘[ B（ a） P]对双齿围沙蚕Perinereis aibuhit-ensis （体质量为1.5 g±0.5 g）细胞色素P450基因表达和肌肉组织抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明：双齿围沙蚕细胞色素P450基因表达与B（ a） P诱导浓度和诱导时间呈正相关,随着诱导浓度的增加和暴露时间的延长,表达量逐步上调;超氧化物歧化酶（ SOD）、过氧化氢酶（ CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ GPx）活性均随B（ a） P诱导时间的延长而逐步升高,其中SOD酶活性随B（ a） P浓度的增加出现抑制, CAT和GPx酶活性则与B（ a） P浓度呈正相关。     

Effects of RNA interference targeting CDC25agene on proliferation of human liver cancer HepG2 cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of silencing cell division cycle 25a (CDC25a) gene on the proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. METHODS: CDC25agene in human hepatoma HepG2 cells was silenced by RNA interference. Real-time PCR was applied to detect the expression of CDC25a, cyclin E and CDK2 at mRNA levels in the HepG2 cells. Western blotting was applied to detect the expression of CDC25a at protein level. In addition, MTT assay, Giemsa staining and flow cytometry were used to measure the proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. RESULTS: The expression of CDC25a at mRNA and protein levels in RNA silence group was lower than those in negative control group and normal control group (P＜0.05). The mRNA expression of cyclin E and CDK2 in silence group was lower than that in negative control group and normal control group (P＜0.05). The cell proliferation in silence group was lower than that in negative control group and normal control group (P＜0.05). The results of flow cytometry revealed that the cells in silence group were blocked in G1 phase. CONCLUSION: Infection of LV-CDC25a-RNAi recombinant to the HepG2 cells effectively inhibits the CDC25agene expression and the proliferation of human hepatoma cells, and arrests the cells in G1 phase, suggesting that CDC25agene may be a key target for the treatment of liver cancer.     

Attenuated Salmonella carrying pGRIM-19-si-survivin co-expression plasmid inhibits growth of prostate cancer subcutaneous xenografts in vivo

AIM：To explore the effects of pGRIM-19-si-survivin co-expression plasmid carried by human attenuated Salmonella on prostate cancer subcutaneous xenograft growth in nude mice. METHODS：Prostate cancer xenograft model was established in nude mice. Co-expression plasmids carried by attenuated Salmonella were introduced by intraperitoneal injection. The xenograft volumes were monitored timely. Immunohistochemical staining, RT-PCR and TUNEL assay were applied to investigate the related mechanisms that pGRIM-19-si-survivin inhibited tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS：Compared with psi-survivin and pGRIM-19 carried by attenuated Salmonella (control groups), the tumor volumes were reduced markedly in pGRIM-19-si-survivin plasmid group. The mean shrinkage rates were 2.36 and 3.02 times. pGRIM-19-si-survivin co-expression plasmid carried by attenuated Salmonella inhibited survivin expression but strengthened GRIM-19 expression obviously (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bcl-xL, Stat3, cyclin D1 and c-Myc was inhibited, and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and Ki67 protein were also inhibited, but the caspase-3 mRNA expression was up-regulated (P<0.05) with significant cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION： pGRIM-19-si-survivin co-expression plasmid carried by human attenuated Salmonella inhibits the growth of prostate cancer subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice by promoting cell apoptosis and inhibiting prostatic cancer proliferation.     

栉孔扇贝（Chlamys farreri）在模拟自然水环境中滤水率的测定

在模拟自然海区的生态环境的条件下，对桑沟湾内主要养殖种类栉孔扇贝的滤水率进行了测定，对其不同体长扇贝的滤水率进行了实验比较。在水温２４－２６℃。盐度３１－３２‰范围内，昼间光照５００Ｌｕｘ左右条件下，用叶绿素和颗粒有机物作为测定指标，结果表明，此种扇贝的滤水率随个体增大，单位个体的滤水率越大，而单位干组织重的滤水率越小；同一规格扇贝，密度越大，滤水率越低。在本实验过程中，昼夜间的滤水率变化不甚明显     

Isolation of a novel hepatic CYP2-related protein from channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus

Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) have been previously shown to express two major cytochrome P450 (CYP) protein bands that are cross-reactive with anti-CYP2K1 (rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss) antibodies on Western blots. These proteins appear to be the major constitutive CYPs in channel catfish and show distinct sex- and age-specific variations in expression. Because I. punctatus is an important agricultural and ecological commodity, and because it displays a high degree of resistance to the toxic effects of many pesticides, the molecular and catalytic characteristics of its biotransformation systems are of interest to those in areas of environmental science and aquaculture research. Using a chromatographic method similar to that employed in the purification of other fish CYP2 enzymes, a single CYP2-related protein (CM-HA3) was isolated from channel catfish hepatic microsomes. The isolated protein displays a relative molecular mass of approximately 47 kDa, and a CO-reduced difference spectrum _max of 449.6 nm. The sequence of 15 residues at the amino-terminal of CM-HA3 is 27% identical to both CYP2K1 and CYP2M1 isoforms of rainbow trout. Correlational analysis was employed to characterize potential substrates for this isoform, but no significant relationship was observed with E₂ hydroxylation, testosterone hydroxylation, or 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activities. These data indicate that CM-HA3 is a CYP2 family protein, with as yet uncharacterized substrate specificities.     

Circulating levels and in vitro production of two maturation-inducing hormones in teleost: 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one and 17α,20β,21-trihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, in a daily spawning wrasse, Pseudolabrus japonicus

The female bambooleaf wrasse, Pseudolabrus japonicus, spawns daily during the spawning season, and exhibits a diurnal rhythm of ovarian development. In the present study, we have investigated: (1) circulating levels of 17a, 20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen- 17,20-P) and 17,20,21-trihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20-S) in females sampled at different times of the day during spawning season in captivity, and (2) in vitro production of 17,20-P and 20-S by follicle-enclosed oocytes at seven different develo tal stages. In addition, we developed a microtiter plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for 17,20-P. Serum levels of 17,20-P and 20-S showed similar diurnal changes; substantial increases in these levels occurred around the time of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). In vitro experiments showed that massive production of 17,20-P and 20-S occurred in follicles collected just before or during GVBD. Further, acute decreases in 17,20-P and 20-S production were found in the ovarian follicles just prior to ovulation, suggesting inactivation of the maturation-inducing hormone (MIH). These results, taken together with our previous data on the occurrence of GVBD in vitro, suggest a role for both 17,20-P and 20b-S as MIHs in the bambooleaf wrasse.