Immunopathology of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dirofilaria immitis</Emphasis> Infection

Heartworm disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis affects canine and feline hosts, with infections occasionally being reported in humans. Studies have shown that both dirofilarial antigens and those derived from its bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia, interact with the host organism during canine, feline and human infections and participate in the development of the pathology and in the regulation of the host’s immune response. Both innate and acquired immune responses are observed and the development of the acquired response may depend on the host and, or on its parasitological status. This review aims at illustrating current research on the role of both D. immitis and Wolbachia, in the immunology and immunopathology of dirofilariosis.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒江苏分离株ORF5及Nsp2基因部分序列分析

对2006—2007年分离于江苏省部分发病猪场的PRRSV,采用RT-PCR技术,进行ORF5基因序列以及Nsp2基因部分序列的扩增、克隆并测序。应用DNAStar软件将测序结果与已发表的国内外参考毒株进行比对分析。结果表明,分离的21株病毒ORF5基因大小均为603bp;与国内分离株之间同源性为87.7%～97.0%,与国外美洲型分离株同源性为85.6%～90.5%;21株PRRSV分离株与欧洲型毒株之间的同源性仅为54.1%～56.6%。14株用于扩增Nsp2基因部分序列的PRRSV在全基因组第2778～2780位及第2947～3033位分别缺3个和87个碱基,其中的2个江苏扬州分离株在第2747～2836位又缺失了90个碱基;14个毒株之间同源性为93.2%～99.0%,与VR-2332相比同源性为74.9%～78.5%,与国内河北、河南等地2006年的PRRSV分离株相比同源性为94.1%～99.1%。     

猪圆环病毒2型感染细胞凋亡研究进展

细胞凋亡是多种因素调节的细胞主动死亡过程,细胞凋亡的两条主要通路分别是死亡受体介导的凋亡途径和线粒体凋亡途径,但它们共同的凋亡效应物为胱冬酶;理化因素如放射线、紫外线和高温等及生物学因素如基因表达产物、酶和细胞因子等都影响细胞的凋亡。肿瘤坏死因子和胱冬酶在猪圆环病毒2型感染细胞凋亡中起着非常重要的作用;p53诱导环-H2J、un氨基端激酶,NF-κB等均参与细胞凋亡。生产中,可采用猪圆环病毒2型疫苗免疫,干扰RNA的使用和减少应激等措施降低PCV-2感染,抑制细胞凋亡。     

猪外周血单个核细胞cDNA酵母表达文库的构建及与猪瘟病毒E2蛋白相互作用细胞蛋白的筛选

为研究猪瘟病-毒(CSFV)蛋白与宿主细胞蛋白之间的相互作用,本研究通过SMART技术合成猪外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)双链cDNA,以携带与载体pGADT7-Rec重组位点同源序列的特异引物经long-distance PCR扩增双链cDNA.纯化双链cDNA并与载体pGADT7-Rec共转化酵母菌株Y187,经同源重组构建PBMC cDNA酵母表达文库.以CSFV E2蛋白为诱饵进行酵母双杂交筛选,得到阳性克隆根据序列比对分析结果,进一步进行共转化验证.结果显示筛选到17个与CSFV E2蛋白相互作用的宿主细胞蛋白,基因注释(GO)分析表明这些蛋白分别参与免疫、代谢、细胞生长与增殖、生物调节等过程,为研究它们与CSFV E2的相互作用奠定了基础.     

小剂量砷化物对实验兔生长和繁殖性能的影响

为研究As2O3对实验兔生长和繁殖性能的影响,选择年龄和体重相近的40只实验兔(32只母兔,8只公兔)随机分成4组.对照组饲喂不含As2O3的基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组分别饲喂含As2O3 0.5mg/kg、1.0mg/kg和1.5mg/kg的日粮.生长发育和繁殖性能的测定结果显示,试验Ⅰ组与对照组相比,差异不显著(P＞0.05),试验Ⅱ组性能表现优于对照组,差异显著(P＜0.05),试验Ⅲ组出现中毒症状.本实验表明,适量的As2O3对实验兔生长和繁殖具有促进作用.     

CnAβ基因对大鼠RBL-2H3细胞脱颗粒的影响

过敏是人和养殖动物常见的疾病,而且发生的频率呈现逐渐增加的趋势.为了深入了解过敏反应的机制,本研究利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术,构建钙调磷酸酶A beta(calcineurin A beta,CnAβ)基因敲除的大鼠RBL-2H3细胞株,并探讨CnAβ基因对RBL-2H3细胞生长及脱颗粒的影响.选取大鼠Cn...     

Effects of N-methyl-D, L-aspartate on secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone from the boar hypothalamic-preoptic area and median eminence in vitro

N-methyl-D, L-aspartate (NMA) elicited secretion of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone from both the hypothalamic-preoptic area and the median eminence that were collected from boars. We suggest that the previously described increase in GH secretion that follows peripheral treatment of swine with NMA is attributable, at least in part, to NMA-stimulated secretion of GH-releasing hormone from the central nervous system.     

Present Concepts on the Inflammatory Modulators with Special Reference to Cytokines*

The pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines create a network of interactions between cells that lead to both stimulatory and inhibitory responses that maintain an effective homeostatic regulation. The anti-inflammatory cytokines are a family of peptides that modulate the pro-inflammatory cytokine response. Cytokines act in concert with non-cytokine mediators, such as prostaglandin E₂, glucocorticosteroids, lipocortins, and catecholamines. This review highlights new developments in our understanding of the pathophysiology of inflammation and gives an example of a more recent approach to the modulation of acute systemic inflammatory disorders: activation of ₂-adrenergic receptors on macrophages. In this respect the potent ₂-adrenergic agonist clenbuterol seems of therapeutic interest.     

一种适用于双向电泳的家蚕微孢子虫总蛋白的制备方法

本文对适用于双向电泳的微孢子虫总蛋白提取方法进行了探讨。研究表明，采用液氮多次冻融结合手工研磨，再用裂解液抽提的方法能够得到产率较高且适用于双向电泳的家蚕微孢子虫总蛋白。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒SDZP P126株GP2基因序列分析及其对病毒增殖的影响

旨在研究1株连续传代的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV) SDZP P126 GP2基因的变异情况,以及GP2对病毒增殖的影响。构建GP2基因全长真核载体pEGFP-N1-GP2,利用生物学软件对GP2基因进行核苷酸和氨基酸的同源性分析,并将重组质粒pEGFP-N1-GP2转染到Marc-145细胞上,接毒后检测对病毒增殖的影响。通过GP2基因核苷酸和氨基酸的同源性分析,发现9个碱基的突变,这9个碱基的突变导致了5个氨基酸的突变。其中氨基酸序列中的第10位由亮氨酸突变为苯丙氨酸,这一突变在多株致弱毒株中存在,在Marc-145细胞转染重组质粒pEGFP-N1-GP2对病毒的增殖无显著影响。初步推断SDZP P126 GP2基因的突变对病毒在Marc-145细胞上增殖没有影响。