春尺蠖卵块在柠条林的空间分布格局

对春尺蠖( Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff )卵块空间分布格局进行测定,应用平均拥挤度指标、扩散指数等5种聚集度指标以及Iwao 等2种回归模型法对春尺蠖卵块的空间分布型进行分析和检验,并根据Iwao模型参数建立春尺蠖卵块的理论抽样数模型及防治界限。结果表明：春尺蠖卵块在罗山柠条林呈聚集分布特征,分布的基本单位是个体群。引起聚集的原因主要是春尺蠖的自身习性,与环境因素也有一定关系。     

双向选择对团头鲂生化遗传变异的影响↑（*）

本文报导双向选择对团头鲂生化遗传变异的影响。试验材料鱼包括来自淤泥湖的原种，１９８６－１９９４年群体选育的第四代（“选育 Ｆ４”），以及１９９１、１９９４年连续兄妹杂交的第二代（“近交Ｆ２”）。计检测了８种同工酶，１９个位点。三群体的多态座位比例一致（５．２６％），但平均杂合度趋异。“选育Ｆ４”平均杂合度最高（０．０２１３），“近交Ｆ２”最低（０．０１７４）。经４代选育，平均杂合度增加４％，而经２代近交，平均杂合度降低１５％。     

限食以及再充分投喂对鲻鱼血液生化指标的影响

2001年12月—2002年3月,水温为19~24℃,对鲻鱼[初始体重:(204.42±23.13)g]进行了不同时间的限食处理后再充分投喂的恢复生长试验。试验设定2种投喂方式,对照组(饱食组)在试验期间正常投喂;限食组(半饱组)在限食期投喂量为饱食组的1/2,重喂期则恢复投喂。试验期为8周。分别在限食期的第0、1、2、4周和重喂期第1、2、4周取样,每次6条鱼。试验结果表明:限食状态下,鲻鱼半饱组血糖、血脂和血浆蛋白含量均显著降低;再充分投喂后,各血液生化指标均恢复到对照组水平。鲻鱼限食4周后,在4个星期的恢复生长过程中产生了显著的补偿效应。     

The fat that matters: Soil food web analysis using fatty acids and their carbon stable isotope signature

Chemical taxonomy based upon the composition of lipids is widely applied to investigate microbial communities and fatty acids have recently been employed to connect soil microbial and faunal food webs as well as to elucidate functional groups at higher trophic levels. The additional use of compound-specific isotopic analysis of ¹³C/¹²C ratios in fatty acids allows assessing specific trophic links and belowground carbon fluxes. In this review systematic patterns and processes underlying variations in the composition of fatty acids and their ¹³C/¹²C ratio are described. The emphasis is on biomarker fatty acids, their incorporation and modification, effects of pool size, and analytical methods. Further development of the application of fatty acid profiling to soil ecology should include both advances in experimental research and growth of theory. Accordingly, areas in which future experimentation can lead to progress in soil food web analysis are identified. Overall, combining fatty acid biomarker and their isotopic ratios will allow detailed insight into belowground trophic interactions.     

不同施肥处理对湿加松早期生长及感病指数的影响

调查了福建省德化葛坑国有林场4种不同施肥处理后,2、3、4年生湿加松树高、胸（地）径和病害指数变化情况。结果表明,（1）不同施肥处理对湿加松早期树高、胸（地）径和松感病指数均产生显著影响,各生长年度树高、胸（地）径生长大小依次为：施氮磷钾复合肥与硼砂〉施氮磷肥与硼砂〉施氮磷肥〉对照（不施肥）,而感病指数大小则为：对照（...     

Effect of Different Dietary Nutrition Levels on Fattening Effect of Holstein Bulls

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different dietary nutrition levels on fattening effect of Holstein bulls.48 4-month-old Holstein bulls with an average body weight of 128 kg were allocated into two groups,group Ⅰ was fed a low nutrition level diet,group Ⅱ was fed a high nutrition level diet.Each group had 24 Holstein bulls.The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and the trial period lasted for 245 days.The results showed that compared with group Ⅰ,the ADG in group Ⅱ was significantly increased by 6.36% (P<0.01),while the F/G in group Ⅱ was decreased by 6.55%.With the increasing of dietary nutrition levels,the apparent digestibility of CP,EE,NDF,ADF,Ca and P were rising,but there was no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05).Compared with group Ⅰ,the serum GLU,AST,ALT and GH contents in group Ⅱ were increased by 12.52%,12.85%,9.68% and 13.24% (P<0.05),respectively,while the serum BUN content in group Ⅱ was decreased by 10.98% (P<0.05).Compared with group Ⅰ,the feeding profits of group Ⅱ increased by 1.37 yuan/(head·day),the total economic benefit of group Ⅱ increased by 335.65 yuan/head.In conclusion,the improvement of dietary nutrition levels could improve the fattening performance and the economic benefit of Holstein bulls.     

Effect of Fermented Chinese Medicine Preparation by Bacillus subtilis on Growth Performance,Biochemical Indices,Antioxidant Parameters and Ability of Anti-infection of Common Carp

The objective of this study was to evaluate of the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver antioxidant parameters and ability of anti-infection with Aeromonas hydrophila by adding the fermented Chinese medicine by Bacillus Subtilis to the carp fish feed, and to find out the appropriate supplemental level of fermented Chinese medicine in diets. Carp fingerling with an initial body weight of (35±0.5) g were set up to 6 experimental diets supplemented with 0 (control group), 0.1‰, 0.5‰, 1‰, 2‰ and 3‰ fermented Chinese medicine for 56 days, respectively. Each group had 30 fish and set up 3 repetitions. After the feeding trail,the fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila to calculate the relative percentage survival (RPS).The results showed as follows:Supplementing fermented traditional Chinese medicine by Bacillus subtilis, the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF), the activities of lysozyme (LSZ), complement 3 (C3),total protein (TP),total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC),total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum of common carp were enhanced at different degrees, while the feed coefficient (FCR)and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum were declined at different degrees.When the fermented Chinese medicine supplemental levels were 2‰ and 3‰,the effects were significant (P<0.05)(except for C3, ALP and Cr).The experimental results of the virulence of common carp infected with pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila showed that,the fermented herbal could obviously improve the ability of anti-infection, the immune protective rate of the group with 2‰, 3‰ doses of the fermented Chinese medicine could reach 77.23% and 74.63%, respectively. From what had been discussed above, the group with 2‰ and 3‰ doses of the fermented Chinese medicine had significant effect on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver antioxidant parameters and Aeromonas hydrophila anti-infection ability. Considering the cost of adding fermented Chinese medicine, the recommendations for the best additive quantity was 2‰.     

白唇鹿血清生化指标测定

测定了３５头青海白唇鹿的１９项血清生化指标。结果为Ｎａ＾２＋１３８．１±５．８４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｋ＾＋５．７５±０．７３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｃａ＾２＋２．４２±０．２０／Ｌ，Ｐ２．３３±．３８ｍｍｏｌ／，Ｃｌ＾－，１０２．２±６．０３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，总蛋白８７．５０±６．１７ｇ／Ｌ白蛋白５９．１８±６．９６ｇ／Ｌ球蛋白２８．３４±５．２６ｇ／Ｌ，Ａ／Ｇ，２．１９±０．５９，血清蛋白质组分（％）Ａ６７．５７±     

家兔乳酸脱氢酶等生化指标的测定及其与生产力关系的研究

对８个品种家兔的血清Ｃａ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｎａ、乳酸脱氢酶和血清蛋白质含量的测定并经ＬＳＲ检验表明，各品种家兔之间乳酸脱氢酶及其同工酶含量不同，其生产性能与Ａ、Ｂ亚基含量相关，含Ａ亚基越丰富，其生长速度越快；各品种间血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白含量、白／球比值及β－球蛋白含量均存在不同差异，生长发育快的家兔的血清总蛋白、球蛋白、β－球蛋白含量较高，白蛋白含量及白／球比值较低     

岩羊血液生化遗传多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和火焰光度法对青海省19只岩羊13个血液生化遗传基因座的多态性特征进行了研究。结果发现：①ES2、ES3、ES4、S－LDH、S－ALP和TF6个基因座存在多态性，而KE、HB、AMY1、AMY2、AMY3、ES1、RBC－LDH和RBC－ALP7个基因座呈单态；②被检岩羊的多态性基因座比例为46．2％，表明岩羊的血液生化遗传基因座有颇大的遗传变异性。