基于Rapideye影像的林木地上生物量估测

以石台县为研究地,结合Rapideye高分遥感影像和不同森林类型样地林木地上生物量调查数据,采用Pearson双变量相关分析方法筛选模型变量,分别用多元线性回归和随机森林算法建立不同森林类型的遥感地上生物量估测模型,并进行模型估测精度对比分析。结果表明,叶绿素红边模型(CRM)与叶绿素绿波模型(CGM)2个指数与针叶林、阔叶林生物量在0.01水平上的相关性极显著,且在其多元线性回归模型和随机森林模型中两者均被挑选为建模变量。另外,与生物量相关性较强的纹理特征主要集中的红光波段和红边波段,且仅MEAN、VAR、SM3个滤波对生物量估测贡献较大,可作为建模变量。阔叶林、针叶林和针阔混交林3种森林类型的地上生物量模型估测精度均表现为随机森林模型优于多元线性回归模型。随机森林模型生物估测绝对均方误差在12.8760~36.5363之间,相对均方误差在20.20%~45.95%之间;多元线性回归生物量估测绝对均方误差在22.0425~46.4494之间,相对均方误差在34.58%~58.42%之间。     

黄河鲤鱼研究进展

在搜集和查阅文献资料的基础上,比较了黄河鲤鱼与普通鲤鱼的异同。从分类地位及形态特征、遗传学研究、生理生化研究、人工养殖研究等方面对黄河鲤鱼的研究进展进行了综述。     

不同蛋白水平下添加抗菌肽对赤点石斑鱼影响的研究

评估了不同饲料蛋白水平(44%,48%,52%)和抗菌肽浓度(0.01%,0.02%)对赤点石斑鱼生长性能、血清生化、消化酶和抗氧化能力的影响。实验组分别为:D1(44%,0.01%),D2(48%,0.01%),D3(52%,0.01%),D4(44%,0.02%),D5(48%,0.02%),D6(52%,0.02%)。每组3个平行,养殖8周结果如下:一定范围内,增重率、特定生长率和饲料转化率随蛋白水平和抗菌肽浓度增加,D5组显著高于D1组(P0.05)。形态学指标,D6组肝体比(HSI)、脏体比(VSI)和肠系膜脂肪(IPF)显著低于D5组(P0.05)。同一蛋白水平下增加抗菌肽浓度可降低肌肉粗脂肪含量,D4组显著低于D1组(P0.05)。血清总蛋白、白蛋白含量随蛋白水平和抗菌肽浓度的增加而升高(P0.05),D3和D5组谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和血糖显著低于其他组(P0.05)。D5组胰蛋白酶高于其他组(P0.05),D1组过氧化物酶显著低于其他组(P0.05)。随着抗菌肽浓度增加,胃蛋白酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性增加,且丙二醛含量降低(P0.05)。实验结果表明,48%蛋白水平下添加0.02%抗菌肽可以提高赤点石斑鱼生长性能,增强消化酶活性和抗氧化能力,降低饲料系数。     

气象、农业干旱指标综述

介绍了以降水量统计特征作为指标和以降水量、气温统计特征作为指标的气象干旱指标,以土壤含水量、作物旱情、作物需水量、供需水比例、作物水分综合统计特征为指标的农业干旱指标.列出气象、农业干旱指标计算公式,介绍计算方法和干旱指标的详细等级标准,并对各指标计算所需统计资料观测、收集的难易程度,各指标的优缺点、适用性及其适用区域范围评述,为干旱的监测、评估、预警和研究提供依据.     

酵母细胞壁多糖与铝硅酸盐复合物对猪生长性能、免疫指标及养分消化率的影响

本研究旨在探讨酵母细胞壁多糖(yeast polysaccharide,YP)与铝硅酸盐复合物(alumi-nosilicate complex,AC)对猪的生长性能、免疫指标及养分消化率的影响。试验选用平均体重为(66.18±1.26)kg的"杜×长×大"三元杂交猪140头,随机分成5组,每组4个重复,每个重复7头猪。各组分别饲喂添加不同剂量复合物的试验饲粮,A组为对照组,不添加复合物;B组添加0.1%YP;C组添加0.1%YP和0.9%AC;D组添加0.1%YP和1.9%AC;E组添加0.1%YP和2.9%AC。试验期51 d。结果表明:1)D、E组平均日增重显著低于对照组(P<0.05),各组平均日采食量和料重比差异不显著(P>0.05);2)与对照组相比,D组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及补体3(C3)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)水平显著提高(P<0.05),血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和补体4(C4)水平无显著差异(P>0.05);3)各组养分消化率无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,YP和AC复合使用降低了育肥猪的生长性能,0.1%YP和1.9%AC同时添加可增强生长猪的免疫功能。     

饲料中添加肌肉生长抑制素抑制肽对海鲈生长性能、体组成、血清生化指标及肝脏与血清免疫指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加肌肉生长抑制素抑制肽对海鲈生长性能、体组成、血清生化指标及肝脏与血清免疫指标的影响。以初始均重为(9.05±0.05)g的海鲈幼鱼为试验动物,暂养1周后,挑选规格一致的健康试验鱼480尾,随机分为4组,每组4个重复(水族箱),每个重复放养30尾鱼。4组试验鱼分别投喂肌肉生长抑制素抑制肽添加水平为0(对照)、0.25%、0.50%、0.75%的试验饲料135 d。结果显示:1)0.50%组的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)和成活率(SR)均显著高于对照组(P0.05),各添加组的饲料系数(FCR)均显著低于对照组(P0.05),且以0.50%组的FCR最低;2)各添加组的背肌粗脂肪含量均显著低于对照组(P0.05),0.50%组的背肌粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),全鱼的水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分和背肌的水分、粗灰分含量在各组之间没有显著差异(P0.05);3)0.25%组的血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)和总胆固醇(TC)含量显著低于其他各组(P0.05),血清甘油三酯(TG)含量各组间不存在显著差异(P0.05);4)0.50%和0.75%组的血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著高于对照组(P0.05),0.25%和0.50%组的肝脏溶菌酶(LZM)活性显著高于对照组(P0.05),肝脏与血清的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性各组间不存在显著差异(P0.05)。综上所述,在饲料中添加肌肉生长抑制素抑制肽能够促进海鲈的生长并提高免疫能力,本试验条件下最适添加水平为0.50%。     

中草药制剂对泌乳奶牛机体免疫性能的影响

试验采用大青叶、大黄、党参等19味中草药分别组成内服和子宫灌注制剂治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎，并采集颈静脉血测定淋巴细胞刺激指数（SI）和中性粒细胞吞噬力，以观察中草药制剂对奶牛免疫性能的影响。结果显示，中草药制剂均可提高奶牛免疫力，内服中草药制剂应用效果优于子宫灌注制剂（P〈0．05）；复方制剂优于单味中草药制剂（P〈0．05）；复方中草药内服制剂可使淋巴细胞刺激指数（SI）和中性粒细胞吞噬力分别提高53．76％和4．58％（P〈0．01）；复方子宫灌注制剂可使淋巴细胞刺激指数（SI）和中性粒细胞吞噬力分别提高39．58％和1．98％（P〈0．01）。     

Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Hydrolyzed Wheat Gluten on Growth Performance,Cell Immunity and Serum Biochemical Indices of Weaned Piglets （Sus scrofa）

To investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with hydrolyzed wheat gluten (HWG) on growth performance, cell immunity and serum biochemical indices of weaned piglets, 160 crossed (Large White×Landrace) and weaned piglets were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 4 replicates of 10 piglets each. The piglets in each treatment were fed an experimental diet containing either 0 g kg-1 HWG (control group), 30 g kg-1 HWG (3% HWG group), 50 g kg-1 HWG (5% HWG group), or 2.5 g kg-1 glycyl-L-glutamine (0.25% Gly-Gln group). The results showed that the diarrhea rates in 3% HWG and 5% HWG groups were significantly lower than in control group from d 1 to 14 (P＜0.05), while the average daily gain (ADG) in each of two groups was increased (P＞0.05). When compared with control group, dietary supplementation with 3% HWG increased the ratio of CD4+:CD8+ and the ratio of serum albumin and globulin concentrations (A:G) on d 14 and 28, as well as the proliferation of T- and B-lymphocytes (P＞0.05) on d 28. In addition, on d 14 and 28, the A:G ratio in 5% HWG group was significantly higher than in control group (P＜0.05), while the ratio of CD4+:CD8+ increased slightly (P＞0.05). Interestingly, 0.25% Gly-Gln group had higher proportion of CD3+ (P＞0.05) and CD4+ (P＜0.05) on d 14 than control group, but growth performances of 0.25% Gly-Gln group were negatively affected at all experiment stages. These results suggested that HWG might improve the growth performance of piglets by strengthening cell immunity and decreasing the occurrence of diarrhea during the prophase after weaning.     

胸腺素α_1对墟岗黄鸡免疫器官组织学结构的影响

本试验研究了不同剂量的胸腺素α1(Tα1)对墟岗黄母鸡免疫器官指数和组织学结构的影响。结果表明:0.015mg/kg体重剂量的Tα1可显著提高鸡免疫器官指数,可使胸腺皮质增宽,髓质胸腺小体数和胸腺细胞数增加;脾脏胸腺依赖区和法氏囊依赖区细胞增殖;高剂量Tα1则引起法氏囊髓质局部细胞变性和坏死。     

Characterizing the complexity of landscape boundaries by remote sensing

This paper presents a method for characterizing the complexity of landscape boundaries by remote sensing. This characterization is supported by a new boundary typology, that takes into account points where three or more landcovers converge (i.e., convergency points or coverts). Landscape boundary richness and diversity indices were proposed and calculated over 19 landscapes in South-East Brazil. Results showed that landscape boundaries, especially convergency points, provided an enrichment in landscape pattern analysis. Landcover boundary diversities were significantly related to landcover shape: elongated riparian units had the highest values for boundary diversity and coverts proportion indices. On the other hand, landscape analysis showed that indices of shape, richness, diversity and coverts proportion provided an additional evaluation of landcover spatial distribution within the landscape.