定向结构刨花板吸声性能的研究

采用驻波管法测定定向结构刨花板的吸声系数,分析比较了定向结构刨花板与砖、混凝土吸声性能的差异。结果表明,定向结构刨花板具有良好的吸声性能。     

蛋鸡养殖过程中海量数据自动处理系统

采用分时变频的采集模式,应用Java媒体框架模型,设计并实现了蛋鸡养殖过程中海量数据自动处理系统。系统既可同步采集和保存关键的环境、图像及音频信息,又能减少存储空间、降低存储成本和加速查询速度。系统运行结果表明:依据采集设备及采集参数设置的不同,单采集点一天采集的音频及图像数据量为200～400 MB,一年采集的数据量为70～140 GB。系统同时提供了以采集时间戳为索引的多源信息同步查询及同步展示模块,可复原大部分生产过程场景。     

Microdistribution and feeding dynamics of Coilia nasus (Engraulidae) larvae and juveniles in relation to the estuarine turbidity maximum of the macrotidal Chikugo River estuary,Ariake Sea,Japan

To evaluate the nursery value of the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) for the anadromous engraulid fish Coilia nasus, physical and biological samples were collected along the macrotidal Chikugo River estuary, southwestern Japan, from June 2005 to January 2006. Generally, eggs were distributed upstream of the ETM, whereas larvae were distributed in the ETM. The first cohort was washed out of the estuary by a large flood in early July. The second cohort appeared after the flood, gradually extending its distributional area through the estuary and growing to 100 mm in standard length (SL) by December. Larvae and juveniles (20–100 mm SL) fed selectively on copepods, specifically large calanoid species, whereas more developed juveniles fed on mysids. Prey organisms in guts were significantly more abundant and present in greater weights in the ETM (salinity <10) than in the lower estuary (salinity >10). The better feeding conditions were primarily attributable to consistently high densities of two large calanoid species, Sinocalanus sinensis and Pseudodiaptomus inopinus, in the ETM. In contrast, the poor feeding conditions in the lower estuary were likely due to a seasonal decrease in copepod density and the dominance of small copepods such as Oithona spp. Given that better feeding conditions contribute positively to the growth and survival of larvae and juveniles, we conclude that the ETM has a significantly higher nursery value for C. nasus compared with other habitats in the Chikugo River estuary.     

利用现代化教学手段提高教学效果的探讨

回顾教学手段的发展历程,展望当今教育手段的发展趋势,对几种现代化教学手段及其效果进行了对比阐述,指出现代化教学手段的优势,着重总结了当今应用最广泛的3种教学手段,即声电教学、多媒体教学和网络教学在教学中的应用。     

声强法在柴油机噪声源识别上的应用

通过对一台4102ZLQ柴油机的噪声声强测试得到的数据用软件进行分析,找出发动机的主要噪声源,为其降噪提供了依据。     

车用发动机噪声源识别方法的研究

利用声强测试中的p-p法,对一台汽油机的噪声进行声强测试,将测试得到的数据用STARAcoustics声强分析软件进行处理和分析,得出发动机各个包络面的等声强分布、声强矢量分布、声功率和声功率级的计算结果;利用这些结果分析和识别了该发动机几个包络面的主要噪声源,确定了其噪声源的位置、主要噪声频率、声功率的大小及声功率的贡献,为降低该发动机噪声提供了改进依据。     

扫描面几何特征对扫描声强法确定声功率误差的影响

给出了扫描线密度的定义，用改进的矩形测量面方波扫描路径测量声功率的计算模型，建立了测量面的几何特征与误差之间的函数关系。分析结果表明：通过增加扫描垂直线条数、测量面上平行于扫描方向的边的长度或减小垂直于扫描方向的边的长度，都可以减小误差；对于正方形测量面，可以通过增加扫描垂直线条数，或在大于所求取的误差峰值点范围内增加测量面的边长来减小误差。     

柱面内声全息技术在声源识别与定位中的应用

介绍了柱面内声全息技术的基本原理，对其实施过程中的数据采集、算法实现和滤波等关键技术进行了研究；并通过数值仿真的形式研究了该技术在柱形声源内辐射声场的重建，柱形声源的识别和定位过程中的有效性、可行性和准确性。研究的结果表明，柱面内声全息技术在柱形声源内辐射声场的重建、柱形声源的识别和定位中有着明显的优点。     

Seasonality in surface‐layer net zooplankton communities in Prince William Sound,Alaska

The upper‐layer net‐zooplankton community in Prince William Sound, Alaska, is characterized by strong seasonality. Abundance and wet‐weight biomass in the upper 50 m drop to fewer than 100 individuals and 10 mg m^?3 in February before rebounding to 5000 individuals and 600 mg m^?3 in June. Copepods dominate in all months, but are augmented by other prominent taxa, particularly pteropods and larvaceans during the late spring, summer and fall. The small copepods Pseudocalanus, Acartia and Oithona are common. Though much less abundant, larger calanoids like Neocalanus, Calanus and Metridia contribute substantially to the biomass in spring and early summer. Meroplankters like barnacle nauplii are also occasionally very abundant. Neocalanus, Calanus and Pseudocalanus all exhibit ontogenetic vertical displacement of populations when stage 5 copepodites (C5) leave the surface in late May and early June for deep water. This seasonality has implications for food‐webs supporting juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) in Prince William Sound.     

Distribution, density and abundance of the western Baltic herring (Clupea harengus) in the Sound (ICES Subdivision 23) in relation to hydrographical features

Biomass and duration of the over-wintering period of the Rügen spring spawning herring stock (RHS) in the Sound (ICES Subdivison 23) were investigated as well as possible hydrographical factors affecting relative distribution and triggering southwards migration towards the spawning grounds. Monitoring was performed during 27 surveys over a 6-year period (1993–1998). Abundance of 45–165 000 t in August–February, 5–60 000 t in March–May, and <2000 t in June–July was found. This indicates a longer over-wintering period than hitherto assumed. The year classes 1988, 1991 and 1994 were relatively strong occurring in the Sound from age 2 (winter-rings) and abundance in autumn 1993 and 1996–1997 was relatively high. Relative year class strengths are in accordance with variations in larval indices at the spawning grounds. Decreasing abundance in late spring in the Sound was concordant with observed peaks in commercial landings and (subsequent) peak larval indices at the spawning grounds. Larger size groups seem to migrate southwards in spring before smaller herring size groups. Peak herring densities occur in the northern Sound in autumn and they do not concentrate near the southern Drogden threshold in spring before southwards spawning migration. Highest densities were found from 8 to 22 m below sea surface, and just below or in the halocline in areas with stratified water column. Indications of inflows to the Baltic triggering southwards migration can be observed at some occasions, however, these results are not conclusive because of relatively few biomass estimates in 1996–1998. The identified patterns in herring occurrence agree with some conclusions on migration routes for RHS from previously reported tagging studies, but the present investigations indicate prolonged over-wintering in the Sound. This report quantifies the abundance and distribution of herring in the Sound over the year on basis of repeated investigations, and investigates possible influence of hydrographical factors on distribution and migration.