2013年4月下旬猪肉价格、旬比、环比和同比

2013年4月下旬,全国猪肉(精瘦肉)平均价格为13.99元/斤,价格差为8.00元/斤。西藏猪肉价格最高,达到19.67元/斤,重庆猪肉价格最低,只有11.67元/斤。西藏、贵州、上海、海南和云南的猪肉价格高于15.389元/斤(平均价格的10%以上),山东、山西、辽宁、青海和重庆的猪肉价格低于12.591元/斤(平均价格的10%以下)。旬比:与2013年4月中旬比较,全国猪肉(精瘦肉)价格平均值旬比为-1.03%,猪肉价格下降。猪肉价格在4个     

藏猪繁殖性状遗传参数分析

藏猪是中国特有的高原型地方猪种,本研究采用非求导约束最大似然（MTDFREML）方法对藏猪繁殖性状进行遗传分析。结果估算出藏猪乳头数、总产仔数、产活仔数、初生窝重、断奶仔数、断奶窝重的遗传力分别为0.36、0.12、0.10、0.13、0.09和0.12,乳头数与断奶窝重、初生窝重和断奶仔数存在明显的遗传力相关。     

行情

2012年7月下旬猪肉价格、旬比、环比和同比2012年7月下旬,全国猪肉(精瘦肉)平均价格为14.37元/斤,价格差为7.08元/斤。西藏猪肉价格最高,达到19.67元/斤,青海猪肉价格最低,只有12.59元/斤。西藏、上海和云南的猪肉价格高于15.807元/斤(平均价格的10%以上),山西、山东、辽宁、青海和湖南的猪肉价格低于12.933元/斤(平均价格的10%以下)。     

Study on Differential Expression of PRRSV Receptor Genes in Lung Tissues of Different Breeds of Pig Infected with HP-PRRSV

In order to understand the molecular mechanism of host susceptibility differential to highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (HP-PRRSV) infection among three breeds of pig, Tibetan pig,ZangMei Black and Yorkshire,the mRNA level of five reported PRRSV receptor genes (HSPG2,SIGLEC1,CD163,VIM and NMMHC-ⅡA) expressed in lung were investigated on 0,4, 7 and 14 days post infection (dpi) with HP-PRRSV JXA1 isolate.The Real-time RT-PCR results showed that the expression of HSPG2 in Tibetan pig increased significantly on 4 and 14 dpi and decreased significantly on 7 dpi compared with the expression on 0 dpi (P < 0.05), and its expression in ZangMei Black on 14 dpi was significantly higher than that of on 7 dpi (P < 0.05);An increased expression of SIGLEC1 in Tibetan pig was observed on 4 and 14 dpi (P < 0.05), and a decreased expression of the same gene was detected in Yorkshire on 4,7 and 14 dpi (P < 0.05);The expression of CD163 elevated significantly on 14 dpi in both Tibetan pig and ZangMei Black (P < 0.05), however its expression reduced significantly on 7 and 14 dpi in Yorkshire (P < 0.05); The expression of VIM gene was significantly higher on 7 dpi in Tibetan pig and significantly lower on 7 dpi in Yorkshire (P < 0.05); And the expression of NMMHC-ⅡA was significantly higher on 4 dpi in ZangMei Black, which was also significantly higher in Yorkshire on 4 and 14 dpi (P < 0.05).In conclusion, SIGLEC1 and VIM might be important genes to influence the host resistance of Tibetan pig,ZangMei Black and Yorkshire to HP-PRRSV infection.     

藏猪Mx1基因外显子14的遗传变异分析

为了解藏猪抗病性能分子遗传基础,试验采用PCR-RFLP技术测定112头藏猪的Mx1-Hin6 I多态性。结果表明:藏猪群体中Mx1基因外显子14有长度为11 bp片段的缺失,Hin6Ⅰ酶切位点有AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,基因频率分别为73.21%、23.22%和3.57%,A和B等位基因频率分别为84.82%、15.18%,与报道的野猪和五指山猪基因频率分布相近,但与国外猪种和其他国内地方猪种基因频率分布存在一定差异,这可能与藏猪的抗病和抗逆性能有关。     

藏猪体重非线性生长曲线分析

藏猪是我国青藏高原特有的高原型地方猪种,本研究用logistic、Gompertz和Richards模型拟合了藏猪体重生长曲线,并以成华猪为对照分析了藏猪的生长规律。结果表明logistic、Gompertz和Richards模型均适宜拟合藏猪和成华猪的生长曲线,其中Richards模型最好,Gompertz模型优于logistic模型。Richards模型拟合的藏猪极限体重为71.91kg,生长拐点为9.45月龄,最大生长速度为180.0g;说明藏猪存在体重小、生长速度慢、生长拐点迟等特点。     

Polymorphism and Tissue Expression Patterns of CKMT2 Gene in Tibetan and Yorkshire Pigs

In order to explore the polymorphism site and difference of expression level of creatine kinase,mitochondrial 2 (CKMT2) gene in muscle segments of Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs,in this experiment,Sanger sequencing method was used to screen and genotype the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in the 1 000 bp region upstream of the initiation codon of CKMT2 gene in 50 Tibetan and 60 Yorkshire pigs.The expression of CKMT2 gene was detected by Real-time quantitative PCR in heart,back fat and longissimus dorsi muscle of 180-day-old of 10 Tibetan and 10 Yorkshire pigs.The results showed that 5 SNPs (G-357A,T-469C,G-649T,A-784G and A-953G) were found in the upstream 1 000 bp region of the initiation codon of CKMT2 gene,the allele frequency of Tibetan pigs at all sites were significantly different from those of Yorkshire pigs.These SNPs were related to skeletal muscle growth and development,muscle energy metabolism and anti-hypoxia.The mRNA expression of CKMT2 gene in longissimus dorsi muscle and heart of Tibetan pigs were extremely significantly higher than Yorkshire pigs (P<0.01),and the mRNA expression in back fat of Tibetan pigs was extremely significantly lower than Yorkshire pig (P<0.01),which indicated that CKMT2 gene could positively regulate anti-hypoxia and muscle tissue production,and negatively regulate fat production,the analysis results were consistent with the breed characteristics of Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs.This experiment results provided some new ideas for further exploration of pig growth and development,fat deposition and hypoxia adaptability.     

藏猪生长激素(GH)基因HaeⅡ多态性分析

用PCR-RFLP方法检测了94个藏猪个体的生长激素(GH)基因的HaeⅡ多态性。结果发现了5个HaeⅡ酶切位点,3种等位基因(A、B、C),3种基因型(AA、BB、BC)。A、B、C3种等位基因的频率分别为14.5%、74.5%、11.0%,经T检验,发现3种基因频率之间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。     

藏猪r-干扰素基因cDNA的克隆及序列分析

将藏猪外周血淋巴细胞进行体外培养，在Con A 的刺激下培养70h后，提取培养的淋巴细胞总RNA，应用RT-PCR技术扩增藏猪淋巴细胞r-干扰素cDNA(TPr-INF)，并克隆到pMD-T载体上，进行测序。结果显示：克隆的TPr-INF cDNA全长为545个碱基，ORF为501个碱基，编码166个氨基酸，分子量为19．4ku，等电点为10．29。此cDNA与牛、马的r-INF同源性分别为86％和81％，与猪的r-INF同源性为100％，证明克隆到了藏猪的r-干扰素cDNA。     

依托资源优势 大力保护开发藏猪资源

藏猪是西藏的地方品种，如何充分利用本地区自然环境、地理优势，大力发展地方特色畜牧业，使畜牧业增产，农牧民增收，是我区“十五”期间畜牧业发展的主攻方向，在国家实施西部大开发和全国支援西藏的良好机遇下，笔者以藏猪生产区的基本情况、保护藏猪资源的必要性、有利条件、存在的问题、实施建议等五方面阐述了自己的观点，为今后实施藏猪的保护和开发提供参考。