MSTN基因编辑牛肌肉转录组测序及生物信息学分析

为探究肌生长抑制素（myostatin,MSTN）基因对牛肌肉发育的具体调控机制,本研究选取同一牛场健康鲁西黄牛10头,其中通过转基因技术得到的基因编辑牛MSTN^-/-和同种非转基因野生型牛各5头。分别采集两组牛腿臀肌肉样品,利用IIlumina HiSeq高通量测序技术进行转录组测序分析,通过生物信息学方法比较两组样本间的差异表达基因,并进行GO和KEGG富集分析,最后利用实时荧光定量PCR验证转录组测序数据。结果显示,基因编辑型牛和野生型牛之间共检测到18 071个基因。在log₂|FoldChange|≥ 1.48条件下,筛选出406个差异表达基因,其中347个显著上调,59个显著下调。GO功能富集分析显示,MSTN基因编辑后显著影响915个功能类别（P<0.05）,差异基因主要参与结合、生物系统调节、免疫系统等相关功能。KEGG通路富集分析结果共涉及211个通路,差异基因主要富集在细胞黏附分子、趋化因子信号通路、细胞因子互作等信号通路上,进一步从中筛选出可能参与细胞生长、肌肉发育的差异基因（CD14、KIT、CSF1R、FBP1、DUSP4、ULBP21、PRKCB、SPN、CHAD、SRC）。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示,所选差异基因表达水平与转录组表达水平一致,证明测序结果的可靠性。本研究结果表明,MSTN基因发挥作用后可以介导多个下游基因表达,从而影响相关信号通路及生物学过程;同时,所筛选出的差异表达基因可作为进一步研究骨骼肌调控机制的候选靶标。     

猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗中病毒抗原含量实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

依据GenBank公布的猪圆环病毒2型Cap基因序列,在保守区域设计特异性引物和TaqMan探针,优化反应体系,建立评价猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗中病毒含量的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,对方法的特异性、敏感性和重复性进行试验,并验证灭活剂用量和灭活时间对检测结果的影响。结果显示：该方法只对猪圆环病毒2型基因有特异性扩增,其他3种对照病毒基因的扩增结果均为阴性;检测灵敏度达到10^2.0 TCID₅₀/mL,比普通PCR方法高100倍;方法的重复性好,对同一样品进行10次检测,变异系数为2.28%;不同灭活剂用量和灭活时间对结果的影响较小,不会因各厂家使用的灭活剂用量和灭活时间不同,影响疫苗对比实验的公平性。该研究成功建立了一种评价猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗中病毒含量的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,用于猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗样品中病毒抗原含量的定量,其结果可以反映不同猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗样品中抗原含量差异,为研究猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗病毒抗原含量评估方法提供了新的思路。     

基于无线传感器网络的水质监测系统研究

针对国内外水质环境研究中水质样品异地监测分析存在的巨大缺陷,研究了水质自动监测系统。文章介绍了基于无线通讯传感器网络的简易水质自动监测系统,实现水质数据自动采集和实时上传,可以实现对钱塘江源头水质（衢州水质）进行更好的监测及保护。     

Study on Expression Difference of IGFBP-5 Gene in Different Tissues of Kazakh and Yanqi Horses

The study aimed to explore the mRNA expression pattern of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) gene in different tissues of Kazakh and Yanqi horses.The expression of IGFBP-5 gene in different tissues of heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,small intestine,large intestine,cecum,intercostal muscles,longissimus dorsi muscles,brachialis muscle and gluteus in two horses were detected by Real-time quantitative PCR and compared the mRNA expression in the same tissues of two breeds.The results showed that the expression of IGFBP-5 in longissimus dorsi muscle and brachialis muscle of two breeds were significantly higher than other tissues including heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,small intestine,large intestine and cecum (P<0.05),and was the lowest in large intestine.The expression of IGFBP-5 in kidney,small intestine,large intestine,cecum,longissimus dorsi muscle and brachialis muscles of Yanqi horse were higher than in the same part of Kazakh horse,and among those in longissimus dorsi muscle and large intestine of Yanqi horse were extremely significantly higher than in the same part of Kazakh horse (P<0.01),and in small intestine and cecum of Yanqi horse were significantly higher than in the same part of Kazakh horse (P<0.05).The test was for further researching the biological function of IGFBP-5 gene,and it could provide a theoretical basis for genetic improvement of production performance of horse in our country.     

Development of A Dual Real-time PCR for the Rapid Detection of Listeria monocytogenes

To establish a rapid assay for Listeria monocytogenes(LM) detection,a Real-time PCR method was developed targeting iap gene of LM.The results showed that the test for 15 bacteria strains,only LM was positive,indicated that the method had high specificity.In addition,the sensitivity of Real-time PCR was 6.5 CFU/mL.Stability and reproducibility of the test showed that the coefficient of variation for the same sample repeat the Ct values were less than 2%.Furthermore,a total of 3 positive samples for LM were detected from 139 clinical samples by the method,which was in accordance with the testing result by GB 478930-2010 standard detection protocol.Therefore,the Real-time PCR method provides a novel rapid,sensitive and good repeatability detection method for LM infection.     

Expression Analysis of THBS3 Gene in Different Tissues and Skeletal Muscles at Different Periods from Landrace and Tongcheng Pigs

To study the expression pattern of THBS3 gene in different tissues and during skeletal muscle development, the THBS3 gene expression in different tissues and skeletal muscles during prenatal periods (33, 45, 65, 70 and 90 d) and postnatal periods (0, 9, 30, 60, 120 and 160 d) from Landrace and Tongcheng pigs were detected by Real-time quantification PCR.The results showed that THBS3 gene widely expressed in all tissues examined, exhibiting similar spatial expression patterns with expression peaks in lung in both pig breeds except in stomach and intestine.Moreover, although THBS3 gene showed a significant higher expression level in gestation than after birth in Landrace and Tongcheng pigs (P<0.05), it exhibited different expression patterns between Landrace and Tongcheng pigs, the expression peak was detected at gestation day 45 in Landrace pig, while was detected at gestation day 65 in Tongcheng pig.The results suggested that THBS3 gene involved in skeletal muscle growth and development in pigs, as well as the regulation of asynchronization of skeletal muscle development in different pig breeds.     

Analysis on Polymorphisms of Three CNV Regions in Five Pig Breeds

The paper was aimed to investigate the polymorphism of copy number variation (CNV) in different pig breeds.Three CNV regions of CNVR91,CNVR92 and CNVR143 were chosen from the porcine SNP60 chip genotyping results.The polymorphisms of three CNVs were determined by Real-time quantitative PCR method,taking five pig breeds as samples,including Yorkshire pig,Xiang pig,Kele pig,Nuogu pig and Rongchang pig breeds.The results showed that the dominant status of CNVR91 was loss in Xiang pig,while it was normal in other four pig breeds.The major type of CNVR92 was deletion in Xiang pig,Yorkshire pig,Kele pig and Rongchang pig breeds,with a high normal percent in Nuogu pig.For CNVR143,the dominant event was gain in Xiang pig and Nuogu pig breeds,but it was not diverse in other three pig breeds.These results indicated that three CNV regions emerged with polymorphism in five pig breeds,which might have effects on gene expression in CNV regions and physiological function by dosage effect especially in Xiang pig,Nuogu pig and Kele pig breeds.     

基于实时荧光定量PCR技术检测桑丁香假单胞菌

由桑丁香假单胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae pv.mori,以下简称Psm)引起的桑疫病是一种毁灭性的桑树细菌性病害,建立对病原菌的早期检测技术,有利于及时制定病害的防控技术措施。依据致病性相关基因hrp Z的片段设计的一对引物能够在Psm中特异性地扩增出195 bp大小的条带,而用于对其他致病变种的丁香假单胞菌和其他种属病原菌的扩增则没有此条带。利用Psm14-7菌株基因组DNA为模板进行实时荧光定量PCR(q PCR)扩增,模板DNA质量浓度在6×10~(-5)~6 ng/μL范围内与扩增所得Ct值呈现良好的线性关系,线性方程为y=-3.224 69x+14.034 45(R~2=0.997 09),检测的最低限为(60±0.001 2)fg/μL;以Psm14-7菌液为模板进行q PCR,菌液浓度在1×10~2~1×10~8CFU/m L范围内与Ct值呈现良好的线性关系,线性方程为y=-4.562 15x+46.911 67(R~2=0.988 72),最低检测限为(10~2±0.008 3)CFU/m L。于桑树植株人工接种Psm后不同时间,对出现各种症状植株中的菌群数量进行q PCR检测,结果显示:接种后的第4~8天可能为病原菌诱导桑树的过敏性反应和系统获得性抗性关键时期,影响到了Psm的增殖速度;能引起健康桑树暴发桑疫病的致病菌最低浓度为(1.5×10~8±0.076 8)CFU/g。建立的q PCR检测方法,对由Psm引起的桑疫病的田间早期诊断和及时防控具有一定指导意义。     

金针菇异戊烯基焦磷酸异构酶基因的克隆及表达分析

PCR扩增了金针菇(Flammulina velutipes)异戊烯基焦磷酸异构酶基因(FvIDI)的DNA全长和开放阅读框序列.该基因的ORF全长753 bp,DNA全长923 bp,含有3个内含子和4个外显子,编码250个氨基酸,金针菇异戊烯基焦磷酸异构酶相对分子质量为28450,等电点为5.05.采用实时荧光定量PCR技术研究FvIDI基因在不同发育时期和不同温度下的表达量,结果显示,FvIDI基因在采收期菌盖中表达量最高,4℃诱导处理2～4 h和37℃诱导处理2～6 h的表达量明显高于常规温度21℃处理.     

基于实时环介导等温扩增技术快速检测玉米晚枯病菌

为了利用实时环介导等温扩增（loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP）技术,特异、灵敏、快速地检测检疫性病原菌玉米晚枯病菌（Cephalosporium maydis）,本研究选择种间遗传距离较高的Tef-1α和H3基因作为特异性基因,进行特异性引物的筛选、检测温度的优化、灵敏度和特异性检测等研究。实验结果表明,最佳引物组合为Tef-2,检测温度为65℃,最小检测限为0.10 pg/μL,且只对玉米晚枯病菌靶基因特异,检测应用结果可靠。环介导等温扩增技术能够用于玉米晚枯病菌的高效特异性检测,可为检验检疫部门对玉米晚枯病菌的检测工作提供有力的保障。