黑皮黄瓤小西瓜新品种雪峰小玉8号的选育

雪峰小玉8号是湖南省瓜类研究所最新育成的长椭圆形、黑皮、黄瓤、耐贮运二倍体小果型西瓜新品种。植株生长势强,抗病抗逆性强,坐果性好。全生育期85d左右,果实发育期25d左右。皮厚约0.7cm,果皮硬度26kg/cm2,不裂果;中心可溶性固形物含量12%～13%;单果重2～3kg,667m2产量2000～3500kg。2007年2月通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

花皮高产西瓜新品种安业8号的选育

安业8号是山东省邹平县安业农作物研究所选育的中熟、花皮、大果型一代杂交西瓜新品种。全生育期约100d,果实发育期33d;具有果个大、花皮韧、易坐果、品质优、抗性强、适应范围较广等突出特点。     

早熟大白菜新品种琴萌8号的选育

琴萌8号是由自交不亲和系93-2-2SI和93-7-5SI配制而成的早熟秋大白菜一代杂种。生育期65d(天)左右,株高34.9cm,开展度80.8cm;外叶绿色,叶柄白绿色,叶球叠抱,倒卵圆形,结球紧实,球叶浅黄绿色,球高23.5cm,横径19.1cm,单球质量3kg左右,净菜率70%以上;高抗病毒病、霜霉病、黑斑病和软腐病,耐贮运,商品性好,VC含量179.80mg.kg-1(FW),可溶性总糖2.42%(DW),粗蛋白24.34%(DW);每667m2净菜产量5500kg左右,适宜山东、河北、北京、黑龙江、陕西、天津、河南等地早秋栽培,累计种植面积达6300hm2。     

Bioinformatically mined simple sequence repeats in UniGene of Citrus sinensis

Characterization of microsatellites is extremely important for the development of molecular markers. Here, we present the detection and abundance of microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in UniGene sequences of Citrus sinensis. A total of 427 SSRs were mined in 8786 UniGene sequences downloaded from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Depending on the repeat units, the length of SSRs ranged from 14 to 21 for mono-, 14 to 48 for di-, 18 to 48 for tri-, 24 to 40 for tetra- and 42 bp for hexa-nucleotide repeats. Average density of SSRs (1SSR/12.92 kb of 5518.71 kb sequences mined) suggests that only 4.43% of sequences contained SSRs. Di-nucleotide repeats were most frequent repeat type (49.41%) followed by tri-nucleotide repeats (41.45%). An attempt was made to design primer pairs for 427 identified SSRs but these were found only for 216 sequences. The positions of SSRs with respect to open reading frame (ORF) detected and annotation of sequences containing SSRs were also carried out to assign function to each of the sequences.     

Experimental study on how brain-dead state affects the heart structure and function of Ba-Ma mini pigs and the mechanism

AIM:To investigate how brain-dead state affects the heart structure and function and the effect of PKC-α in BA-Ma mini pigs.METHODS:Ten Ba-Ma mini pigs were randomized into 2 groups: brain-dead group (n=5),and control group (n=5). The brain-dead model was made by increasing intracranial pressure,while the control group was maintained anesthesia for 24 h. The concentrations of cTnT,TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in serum were determined at 6,12 and 24 h after brain death. At 24 h,heart tissues were observed by HE staining and electron microscope. The expression of PKC-α was detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.RESULTS:(1) Histological changes of myocardium: flaky bleeding under endocardium and dissolution of myocardium were found in optical microscope. In electron microscope dropsical mitochondria and confluent muscle fiber were found. (2) Changes of serum cTnT: serum cTnT for brain-dead group began to increase gradually since 6 h,and were significantly higher at each time point than those in control group (P<0.05). (3) Changes of inflammatory factors: IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α in brain-dead group began to increase gradually since 6 h,and were significantly higher at each time point than those in control group (P<0.05). (4) Changes of PKC-α expression: PKC-α mRNA and protein expressions in brain-dead group increased significantly at 24 h (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Brain death may evoke heart structure and functional injury,and increase the levels of inflammatory factors and PKC-α. The activation of PKC-α may participate in the process of heart injury.     

Etoposide induces apoptosis via mitochondrial signaling pathway with cytochrome c release in Jurkat leukemia cells

AIM:To investigate the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and to elucidate the apoptosis signaling pathway triggered by etoposide in Jurkat human leukemia cells. METHODS:Apoptosis was detected using annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI) staining, respectively, and annexin V-FITC positive cells and hypodiploid cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm) was detected using 3, 3-dihexyloxycarbocyanine iodide ［DiOC6(3)］ staining and △Ψm low cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Preparation of cytosolic extracts and isolation of mitochondria were completed by centrifugation. Western blotting analysis was used to evaluate the level of cytochrome c, caspase-3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) expression. RESULTS:Etoposide induced apoptosis showing phosphatidylserine externalization and DNA fragmentation in a time-dependent manner and the apoptosis could be inhibited by a broad caspase inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone (zVAD.fmk). Collapse of △Ψm induced by etoposide preceded DNA fragmentation and phosphatidylserine externalization. In contrast, it was not blocked by zVAD.fmk. Etoposide caused cytochrome c release from mitochondria into cytosol, subsequent activation of caspase-3 (32 kD) presented with an intermediate (20 kD) and its active product (17 kD), and cleavage of full-length PARP (116 kD) into the so-called apoptotic 85 kD fragment. CONCLUSION:Etoposide-induced Jurkat cell apoptosis is initiated through mitochondria signaling pathway with cytochrome c release into cytoplasm and caspase is the ultimate executioner of cell apoptosis.     

低浓度玉米小斑病菌C小种毒素培养滤液对玉米叶片过氧化物酶活性的诱导作用

分别用不同低浓度玉米小斑病菌C小种毒素培养滤液处理两种基因型(C103和B37)的同核异质系的玉米叶片,以提高玉米叶片内过氧化物酶(POD)的活性;结果说明:过氧化物酶的活性变化与植物抗病性呈正相关,低浓度C毒素培养滤液本身能够作为激发子来诱导玉米获得抗性,故低浓度C毒素培养滤液作为激发子来诱导玉米的系统获得性抗性具有一定的广适性。对CB37和CC103的处理中,1∶60处理组效果均表现为较好,POD酶活性最高。     

Report on the analyses of mAb reactive with porcine CD8 for the second international swine CD workshop

Based on an analysis of their reactivity with porcine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), only three of the 57 mAbs assigned to the T cell/activation marker group were grouped into cluster T9 along with the two wCD8 workshop standard mAbs 76-2-11 (CD8a) and 11/295/33 (CD8b). Their placement was verified through the use of two-color cytofluorometry which established that all three mAbs (STH101, #090; UCP1H12-2, #139; and PG164A, #051) bind exclusively to CD8⁺ cells. Moreover, like the CD8 standard mAbs, these three mAbs reacted with two proteins with a MW of 33 and 35 kDa from lymphocyte lysates and were, thus, given the wCD8 designation. Because the mAb STH101 inhibited the binding of mAb 76-2-11 but not of 11/295/33, it was given the wCD8a designation. The reactivity of the other two new mAbs in the T9 cluster with the various subsets of CD8⁺ lymphocytes were distinct from that of the other members in this cluster including the standards. Although the characteristic porcine CD8 staining pattern consisting of CD8^low and CD8^high cells was obtained with the mAb UCP1H12-2, a wider gap between the fluorescence intensity of the CD8^low and CD8^high lymphocytes was observed. In contrast, the mAb PG164A, not only exclusively reacted with CD4⁻/CD8^high lymphocytes, but it also failed to recognize CD4/CD8 double positive lymphocytes. It was concluded that this mAb is specific for a previously unrecognized CD8 epitope, and was, thus, given the wCD8c designation. A very similar reactivity pattern to that of PG164A was observed for two other mAbs (STH106, #094; and SwNL554.1, #009). Although these two mAbs were not originally positioned in the T cell subgroup because of their reactivity and their ability to inhibit the binding of PG164A, they were given the wCD8c designation. Overall, five new wCD8 mAbs were identified. Although the molecular basis for the differences in PBL recognition by these mAbs is not yet understood, they will be important in defining the role of CD8⁺ lymphocyte subsets in health and disease.     

预氧丝原位炭化无粘结剂C/C复合材料氧化动力学研究

采用恒温热重法测定了在空气中，０．１ＭＰａ，６７３Ｋ到９７３Ｋ下预氧丝（即预氧化聚丙烯腈纤维）原位炭化无粘结剂Ｃ／Ｃ复合的氧化失重率；并利用扫描电镜分析了这种复合材料氧化前后的结构，氧化动力学测定结果表明：该材料在氧化开始时，其氧化速率随时间的增长而增大，然后随时间的延长而减小，并趋向恒定，研究表明：该材料中预氧丝与基体炭界面结合处是空气中氧的扩散通道，杂质为空气中氧的吸附起到了有附活性中心的催化     

双辽市草场的蒺藜草及其危害

介绍了蒺藜草的生物学特性及其在双辽市草场上的分布和对畜牧业的危害。