几种绵羊常用粗饲料GI的测定及其代谢能模型化研究

在测定5类9种粗饲料及3个混合粗饲料的常规成分基础上,实测了它们的粗饲料分级指数(GI):大青山草地早熟禾3.4758、沙打旺3.3731、苜蓿1.7202、混粗C21.1797、青干草1.1029、混粗C10.7852、羊草0.5684、玉米青贮0.4152、玉米秸0.1985、谷草0.1728、混粗D0.0805、苏丹草0.0687,并就GI与饲料相对值(RFV)对粗饲料品质的分级进行了比较,表明GI要优于RFV,同时证明:GI还可以用于混合粗饲料的优化与牧草刈割期的确定。研究并建立了预测粗饲料代谢能(ME)的模型:ME(MJ/kg)=-11.7492 0.5959IVDM(D%)-0.0044[IVDM(D%)]2,其中IVDMD为体外干物质消化率。     

低血糖生成指数液态奶的开发及测试

为获得营养均衡的调制牛奶,满足人体的多种营养需求,添加多种维生素和矿物质,设计出一款适用于糖尿病人、亚健康人群、体重管理、皮肤管理等人群饮用的低血糖生成指数（Glycemic Index,GI）的牛奶。稳定性试验结果表明,静置12 天后,牛奶无显著脂肪上浮,体系稳定性良好;人体GI值试验结果表明,调制牛奶的餐后血糖值上升和下降均较葡萄糖餐后血糖值平稳,有较好稳定餐后血糖的效果,表明开发的调制牛奶为低GI食品（GI值=22.86）。人体饱腹感试验结果显示,和普通纯牛奶对比,调制牛奶具有显著提高饱腹感的效果。     

Whole wheat bread: Effect of bran fractions on dough and end-product quality

Consumption of whole-wheat based products is encouraged due to their important nutritional elements that benefit human health. However, the use of whole-wheat flour is limited because of the poor processing and end-product quality. Bran was postulated as the major problem in whole wheat breadmaking. In this study, four major bran components including lipids, extractable phenolics (EP), hydrolysable phenolics (HP), and fiber were evaluated for their specific functionality in flour, dough and bread baking. The experiment was done by reconstitution approach using the 2⁴ factorial experimental layout. Fiber was identified as a main component to have highly significant (P < 0.05) and negative influence on most breadmaking characteristics. Although HP had positive effect on farinograph stability, it was identified as another main factor that negatively impacted the oven spring and bread loaf volume. Bran oil and EP seemed to be detrimental to most breadmaking characteristics. Overall, statistical analysis indicates that influence of the four bran components are highly complex. The bran components demonstrate multi-way interactions in regards to their influence on dough and bread-making characteristics. Particularly, Fiber appeared to have a high degree of interaction with other bran components and notably influenced the functionality of those components in whole wheat bread-making.     

江西几种奶牛常用饲料的多体系营养价值评定

分别用Weende、Van Soest与CNCPS体系分析了稻草、苜蓿、玉米秸秆、豆腐渣与啤酒糟的营养成分,并计算了这5种饲料的相对值(RFV)与分级指数(GI)以及碳水化合物与蛋白质组分,旨在为各体系在江西奶牛业的合理应用提供基础理论数据。同时指出,Weende与Van Soest体系是奶牛饲料营养价值评定的基础,应根据需要选择综合评定指数或是CNCPS体系。     

内蒙古荒漠草原优势牧草营养价值评价

通过测定内蒙古荒漠草原26种优势牧草的常规养分含量、纤维组成、两极离体消化率,分析了不同牧草对放牧内蒙古白绒山羊的营养价值,同时应用随意采食量、静能估测模型计算了荒漠草原优势牧草的分级指数（GI值）,对牧草进行了综合评价。结果表明：（1）用营养成分和消化率指标评定,紫花苜蓿和五星蒿的营养价值最高,其次为中间锦鸡儿、圆头藜,最次为驼绒藜;（2）紫花苜蓿、五星蒿、中间锦鸡儿、圆头藜、碱蓬、全叶马兰、蒺藜草、沙打旺、阿尔泰狗娃花9种牧草GI值较高,牛枝子、甘草、猪毛蒿、松叶猪毛菜、软毛虫实、小针茅居中,灰绿藜、冷蒿、中亚狼尾草、针茅、无芒隐子草、西藏锦鸡儿、驼绒藜、黑沙蒿、刺叶柄棘豆、芨芨草、差巴嘎蒿11种牧草的GI值较低。     

湖北省森林防火地理信息系统有关问题的探讨

本文就湖北省森林防火地理信息系统的建设目标、系统功能的设定等方面进行了专题论述 ,并就系统框架及运行和体系建设任务进行了探讨。     

EFFECT OF METHYLCELLULOSE ON UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL QUALITY IN DOGS

This study was performed to evaluate and optimize a small bowel contrast technique using barium and methylcellulose in dogs. Ten healthy dogs underwent both a conventional upper gastrointestinal study that used only barium and a modified study that used barium and methylcellulose. The control group received 10 mL/kg of 40% barium suspension. Experimental groups were divided into three subgroups given 15 mL/kg of different viscosities (low, moderate, and high viscosity) of 0.5% methylcellulose after 4 mL/kg of 40% barium suspension. Compared with the control group, dogs receiving methylcellulose had higher-quality upper gastrointestinal studies. Moderate viscosity of methylcellulose was superior to the other methylcellulose groups. In conclusion, the use of methylcellulose is a simple and effective method for improving the image quality in an upper GI examination.     

计算高校基尼系数的一个数学模型

本文作者建立了一个计算高校基尼系数的模型，利用此模型对山西农业大学１９９２年６５７名知识分子月工资收入情况进行了数据分析，说明了该校在工资分配中存在着平均主义的倾向，为工资制度的改革提供了重要的理论依据。     

超干燥保存的烟草种子活力变化规律研究

 在烟草种子超干燥保存技术研究的基础上,对1993～1994年采收并经过超干燥处理的4份烟草种子分别在原干燥器内继续保存2年和4年后进行的种子活力跟踪试验。并对种子发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数等指标作方差分析和多重比较。结果为:2年后不同干燥剂间种子的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数差异显著,其中,各处理的种子活力排列为:硅胶＞硅胶＋生石灰＞生石灰;2∶1＞1∶1＞3∶1＞4∶1;牛津3号＞其它品种。4年后,烟草种子的发芽指数硅胶＞硅胶＋生石灰＞生石灰。万良烟＞其它品种,比例间无显著差异。对种子的含水量、发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数相关矩阵进行分析,结果为含水量与发芽指数和活力指数之间,发芽势与发芽指数之间,发芽指数与活力指数之间差异显著,种子含水量对种子活力贡献最大,其次为发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数。几项指标间的关系可用多元方程:Y=0.496 507＋0.136 777 X₁＋0.000 567X₂－0.007 197 X₃－0.000 201 X₄表示。方程可信度达93.12%.该试验为长期、安全保存烟草种子和延长超干燥烟草种子保存寿命提供理论依据及配套措施。     

分级指数与相对值在奶牛用粗饲料品质评定上的比较研究

本文在测定江西奶牛养殖常用的6种粗饲料（串叶松香草、桂牧1号杂交象草、矮象草、黑麦草、墨西哥玉米与鸭茅）的常规成分基础上,实测了奶牛对这6种粗饲料的干物质随意采食量（DMI）,并采用相关模型计算出这6种粗饲料的分级指数（GI）与相对值（RFV）。分别应用单项指标粗蛋白（CP）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、干物质随意采食量（DMI）以及综合指标RFV、GI对试验用6种粗饲料品质的分级进行了比较。研究表明：单一指标都难以正确地评定粗饲料品质,必须使用综合的整体指标。GI是首个将粗饲料的可利用能、CP、NDF与家畜的DMI综合起来考虑的一个粗饲料综合评定指数,对粗饲料的分级比RFV更精确。