Advances on Detection Methods for Residues of Nitrofurans in Food

Nitrofurans are broad-spectrum antibiotics which have been widely used in food animals to the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal infections.Due to abuse of drugs by criminals,animals could produce drug-resistant strains,which reduces the role of antibiotics.Meanwhile,excessive drugs residues in food has carcinogenic,teratogenic and mutagenic effects to the human body.In this paper,the damage and the detection methods of the residues of the nitrofurans in food are surveyed.The main detection methods include high performance liquid chromatography,liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,enzyme-linked immunoassay,colloidal gold immunoassay and fluorescence immunity analysis method.The research status of various detection methods are summarized and the suggestions for further research are put forward.It is expected to provide reference for future research.     

千年菊在西宁地区的容器育苗及栽培管理技术的初步研究

以千年菊为试验材料,利用沙子、有机肥、园土为原料,配制成人工育苗栽培的3种不同基质,进行反季节的花卉生产培育。通过利用不同基质培育千年菊苗,对千年菊的株高、茎粗细、开花的早晚、开花期长短进行研究,试验发现:千年菊在人工栽培条件下生长速度快,在西宁地区出苗率、移栽率、成活率较高且花期较长。千年菊生长在园土+有机肥+沙子(1∶1∶1)中较为理想。     

Bacteriological quality of raw materials used in Finnish mink feed.

Mink feed raw materials were analyzed for total bacterial count, the number of faecal streptococci, the coliform count, the number of haemolytic bacteria and the number of sulphite reducing bacteria. The investigation comprised samples from the following raw materials: four slaughter-house offal products, preserved and unpreserved slaughter blood, Baltic herring, cod filletting offal, fish silage, blood meal, fish meal, meat-bone meal, protein concentrate, brewer’s yeast and cereal feed.The slaughter-house offals and unpreserved slaughter blood had the poorest quality, in terms of all the bacterial types for which the samples were analyzed. There were statistically significant differences in bacterial contents between slaughter-house offals from different sources. The preserved slaughter blood had significantly lower bacterial contents as compared to the unpreserved slaughter blood. Single samples of the cod filletting offal, Baltic herring and the blood meal had relatively high total bacterial counts, but the specified mean bacterial counts were relatively low. The bacterial counts for the rest of the investigated raw materials were relatively low.     

吸血节肢动物体内细菌研究进展

吸血节肢动物体内广泛存在着多种细菌,这些细菌对其具有重要生理功能和生态意义,同时对其所携带病原有一定的影响.根据吸血节肢动物体内细菌研究所取得的一些新进展,从体内细菌常见种类、与宿主相互作用、对病原体影响和研究方法等方面对吸血节肢动物体内细菌研究现状进行概述.     

牛不同直径卵泡内卵母细胞体外受精后的卵裂率和染色体异常分析

将不同直径牛卵泡内卵母细胞体外成熟培养22h后，对其体外受精后的卵裂率，胚胎发育速度和胚胎染色体异常发生率进行了研究。结果表明，体外受精后48h，直径3－6mm卵泡内卵母细胞外受精后的卵裂率明显高于直径1－2mm和7－10mm卵泡内卵母细胞体外受精后的卵裂率（P＜0．05）。体外受精后48h，直径3－6mm包泡内卵母细胞体外受精后的胚胎的发育速度明显快于直径1－2mm和7－10mm卵泡组胚胎（P＜0．05）。通过对不同卵裂期胚胎的染色体标本分析表明，直径1－2mm卵泡内卵母细胞体外受精后的胚胎染色体异常发生率明显高于直径3－6mm卵泡组（P＜0．05），但与直径7－10mm卵泡组之间无显著性差异。     

北方农牧交错带气候变化及草地生产力的响应--以甘肃省定西县为例

根据北方农牧交错带(定西县1970～2000年)的气候资料,分析了该地区30年来气候变化周期、趋势及其草地气候生产力的变化.研究结果表明气温呈上升而降水呈减少的态势,并且都具有7年的准周期,预计在下一个周期平均气温可能会上升到7.88℃,而降水将减少到377.7mm.在温度升高而降水不变的情景下,温度每升高1℃草地生产潜力增加96.49kg/hm2·a;相反,在降水减少而温度不变的情况下,降水每减少1mm草地生产潜力减少5.06kg/hm2·a.     

复方罗红霉素可溶性粉对鸡葡萄球菌病的疗效试验

采用人工诱发的病理模型,按推荐剂量治疗,验证复方罗红霉素可溶性粉对鸡(试验时30日龄)葡萄球菌病的疗效.试验结果表明,复方罗红霉素可溶性粉对鸡葡萄球菌病有很好的治疗效果,有效率达96.7%;推荐剂量治疗组的死亡率极显著地低于感染对照组(P<0.01);推荐剂量治疗组与健康对照组的增重差异不显著(P>0.05),但极显著高于感染对照组(P<0.01).     

菊粉体外培养猪鲜粪对其微生物数量的影响

通过体外培养法探讨菊粉对猪鲜粪培养物pH和其中微生物数量的影响。试验设计0、1、2、4、6和8g／L6个菊粉水平分别进行体外厌氧培养生长猪鲜粪，24h后测定培养基pH、大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌和总细菌数量的变化。结果表明，随着菊粉添加水平的增加，培养物pH和大肠杆菌数直线下降（P〈O．001），而乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌以及总细菌数则直线上升（P〈0．01或P=0．059）。提示菊粉可促进猪鲜粪培养物中乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌的增殖，抑制大肠杆菌的滋长，从而使总细菌数增加，pH下降，并具有剂量应答关系。     

体外评定酸化剂作用效果的方法探讨

文章主要论述了体外法评定酸化剂作用效果的指标和评定方法。